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Histo Unit 2 > Nervous Tissues 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Nervous Tissues 1 and 2 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Neural tube & neural crest cells differentiate into two types of cells

A
  1. Neuron (N)
  2. Glial cell (G)
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2
Q

Neurons are ____ than Glial and have a _____ nuclei

A

Bigger and euchromatic

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3
Q

Neurons have ______ cytoplasm

glial cells have ______ cytoplasm

A

Basophilic(purple in staining)

poorly-staining

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4
Q
A

Neuron and Glial

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5
Q
A
  1. Glial cells
  2. Nerve Bodies
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6
Q

Neurons are more _____ in protein synthesis

A

active.. think about their euchromatin

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7
Q

“-lemma” means
“-plasm” means
“perikaryon” means
“Nissl” refers to

A

plasma membrane
cytoplasm
cell body
ribosomes

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8
Q
A
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9
Q

3 morphology of neurons

A
  1. Biopolar
  2. Pseudo-unipolar
  3. Multipolar
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10
Q
A

Multipolar neuron –
Two or more dendrites extend from cell body One axon extends from cell body
Most abundant type (in CNS & PNS)

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11
Q
A

Bipolar neuron –
One dendrite extends from cell body
One axon extends from cell body
Restricted to organs of sight, taste, and balance

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12
Q
A

Pseudounipolar (unipolar) neuron –
Single axon splits into two main processes Peripheral process extends to a peripheral location Central process extends to the CNS
Found in spinal and most cranial ganglia

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13
Q

What class of meurons

Motor (efferent) neuron –
Sends signals to effect organs
Somatic motor under voluntary control Visceral motor under involuntary control

A

Multipolat

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14
Q

What Morphology

Sensory (afferent) neuron – Receives stimuli from outside body Transmits signal to CNS

A

Unipolar or Biopolar

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15
Q

Integrative (inter)neuron – Links different types of neurons Establishes a signal circuit
Most abundant type in CNS

A

Multipolar

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16
Q

The Neuron itself is basophillic(purple stain) but does the axon hillock also stain basophillic

A

no

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17
Q

What are the blue arrows

A

Dendrites

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18
Q

What staining is used for dendrites

A

Silver

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19
Q

Whats the dotted line

A

Axon
Axon has no nissl bodies

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20
Q

What is the initial segment of the axon fxn

A

Action Potential

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21
Q
A

Axon is the red line

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22
Q

Yellow
Blue
Green

A

Yellow: Mitocondria
Blue: Microtubules used for bidirectional transport
Green: Neruofillament = structure

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23
Q

What are the blue and why are they hallow
What are the green

A

Blue = Microtubule… TUBE/Hallow
Green: Neurofillaments…Actin woven

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24
Q

Anterograde

A

– transport of organelles & molecules away from cell body

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25
Retrograde
– transport of organelles & molecules back to cell body
26
Each branch has swollen end _______
– terminal bouton
27
Distal end of axon is highly branched:
– terminal arborization
28
Synapse has three components:
1. Presynaptic terminal bouton 2. Synaptic cleft 3. Postsynaptic cell membrane (density or web)
29
1. Terminal Button 2. Synaptic Vesiccle
30
1. Terminal Button 2. Synaptic Vesiccle 3. Synaptic Cleft
31
Clinical correlation: botulism inhibits_______.
**secretion of synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitter (acetylcholine).** Without synaptic vesicles, action potentials do not transfer to effector cells (e.g., skeletal muscle cells), resulting in paralysis.
32
dendrites & unmyelinated axons of neurons + processes of glial cells
Neuropil
33
Is Neuropil apart of the ECM
NO
34
Neuropill Dentrites NOTE: Note: nervous tissue has sparse extracellular matrix
35
CNS Glial Cells
1. Astrocyte 2. Ependymal cell 3. Oligodendrocyte 4. Microglia AO ME
36
Where is neuropill more prominate
Grey Matter CNS to allow of neuron - neuron synapses
37
PNS Glial Cells
Schwann Satellite Cells
38
Where found
CNS Astrocyte and Blood Vessle MOST ABBUNDANT | Look at how astrocyte associates with BV and multiple neurons
39
Describe Astrocytes
Cover the synapses to maintain microenviroment. Process have broad end-feet help contribute to the BBB
40
Astrocytes have a specific Intermediate Filliament What and its clincial corralation
**Glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)** astrocytomas are the most common form of brain tumor in adults. In those tumors, cells express GFAP indicating their origin from astrocytes.
41
MacroPhage MS is Auto ABY for mylein sheath. So they get phagocytose faster than repair
42
CSF is made by ------- that line the ventricular system (brain) & central canal (spinal cord)
ependymal cells
43
ependymal cells are ____(shape) with lots of _____ to help move CSF
Cuboidal and Cilila
44
ependymal cells that are non-ciliated are associated with what part of the brain and make up what?
Ventricles and Secrete CSF
45
A= NP= N= O=
Astrocyte Neuropili Neuron Oligodentrcyte Lots of golgi!!! Poor Staining
46
Schwann cell (neurolemmocyte)
PNS Derived from Neural Crest Myleniate but only one portion of axon.
47
Red=AXON White=Myelin Covering Myelin Covering is lipid rich so poor staining under LM
48
Myelinated axon DENSE LINES
49
Nodes of Ranvier...Helps with conductance of neuron...FASTER
50
Where is the only place with unmyelinated axon
PNS... Smaller in diameter so no wrapping.
51
Several axons associated wtih a single Schwann Cell
52
What Type of neurons here and FXN
POSTERIOR ROOT GANGLIA Satellite Cells Surround the Ganglia in PNS Psuedounipolar, Sensory FXN, Many Satellite Cells
53
What Type of neurons here and FXN
Multipolar neuron, Visceral motor fnx, few satellite Cells Sympathetic Chain
54
Cross Section of mylenated Axons AXON Myelin CNS Glia
55
White Matter VS Grey Matter
Gray matter = neurons, neuropil, & CNS glia White matter = myelinated axons & CNS glia
56
Top is the axon and bottom is the nucelus
57
Oligodentrocytes multiple next to cell
58
Mylein Sheath
59
Sensory pseudounipolar neuron in posterior root
60
Motor multipolar neuron in the autonomic gangila

Histo Unit 2 (5 decks)

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