Networks

Question 1

Protocol

Answer 1

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Question 2

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Answer 2

protocol that defines how messages are formatted and transmitted over the World Wide Web

Question 3

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Answer 3

a simple network protocol that allows the transfer of files between two computers on the internet

Question 4

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Answer 4

provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet.

Question 5

Internet Protocol (IP)

Answer 5

A communication standard that enables computers to route communications traffic from one network to another as needed.

Question 6

Post Office Protocol (POP)

Answer 6

An application layer over the internet standard protocol is used by local email clients to retrieve email from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection.

Question 7

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

Answer 7

A protocol that resides on an incoming mail server. Similar to POP, but is more powerful. Allows sharing of mailboxes and multiple mail server access.

Question 8

Simple Message Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Answer 8

the basic communications protocol used to send e-mail

Question 9

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
.

Answer 9

Protocol that operates instead of TCP in applications where delivery speed is important and quality can be sacrificed

Question 10

Application Layer

Answer 10

provides services to ensure that effective communication between computer programs on a network is possible.

Question 11

Transport Layer

Answer 11

A set of protocols that ensure that data are transferred from point A to point B reliably and without errors. This layer of services includes flow control, acknowledgment, error correction, segmentation, reassembly, and sequencing.

Question 12

Internet Layer

Answer 12

A layer responsible for addressing, packaging, and routing messages on the Internet

Question 12

Link Layer

Answer 12

handles all the physical details of interfacing with the cable, including the network interface card and a device driver

Question 12

Local Area Network (LAN)

Answer 12

Connects a group of computers in close proximity, such as in an office building, school, or home

Question 13

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Answer 13

A network that connects devices in geographically separated areas.

Question 14

Domain Name System (DNS)

Answer 14

The system administered by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names (ICANN) that assigns names to each site on the Internet.

Question 15

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

Answer 15

The set of letters that identifies the address of a specific resource on the Web.

Question 16

IP Address

Answer 16

A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet.

Question 16

Packet Switching

Answer 16

Occurs when the sending computer divides a message into a number of efficiently sized units called packets, each of which contains the address of the destination computer

Question 17

Spyware

Answer 17

software that enables a user to obtain covert information about another’s computer activities by transmitting data covertly from their hard drive.

Question 18

Circuit Switching

Answer 18

a dedicated connection is formed between two points and the connection remains active for the duration of the transmission

Question 19

Denial of Service (DoS)

Answer 19

attack floods a network or server with service requests to prevent legitimate users’ access to the system

Question 20

SQL Injection

Answer 20

An attacker issues a command to a web server as part of the URL or as input to a form on a company’s website; web server might pass the command onto the database which then allows potentially anything to be done to the database

Question 20

Phishing

Answer 20

An attack that sends an email or displays a Web announcement that falsely claims to be from a legitimate enterprise in an attempt to trick the user into surrendering private information

Question 20

Pharming

Answer 20

An online scam that attacks the browser’s address bar. Users type in what they think is a valid website address and are unknowingly redirected to an illegitimate site that steals their personal information.

Question 21

Firewall

Answer 21

a part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communication.

Question 22

Modem

Answer 22

A device that allows computers to communicate over telephone lines

Question 23

Router

Answer 23

A device that transfers data from one network to another in an intelligent way

Question 24

Network Switch

Answer 24

More functional than a hub; records and recognizes the local network addresses (MAC or IP) or all computers connected to it

Question 25

Network Interface Card

Answer 25

An interface fitted inside a personal computer or network terminal allows it to communicate with other machines over a network.

Question 26

Fibre Optic Cable

Answer 26

A connection that uses light to transmit information.

Question 27

Ethernet Cable

Answer 27

cable that connects computers to the LAN which allows the computers to communicate with each other and other peripherals.

Question 28

Client Server Network

Answer 28

A network that uses centrally administered computers, known as servers, to enable resource sharing for and to facilitate communication between the other computers on the network.

Question 29

Peer-to-peer network

Answer 29

any network without a central file server and in which all computers in the network have access to the public files located on all other workstations

Question 29

Ring Topology

Answer 29

A LAN configuration in which all nodes are connected in a closed loop

Question 30

Star Topology

Answer 30

A topology with one central node that has each computer or network device attached to the central node. All data first goes into the central node and then is sent out to its destination. (Think of it like a bicycle wheel with spokes.)

Question 31

Mesh Topology

Answer 31

Devices are connected with many redundant interconnections between network nodes.