Neuro 1 Flashcards
activation of presynaptic metabotropic receptors do what?
inhibit calcium channel function
activation of post-synaptic metabotropic receptors do what?
activate K channels
does the majority of CNS communication occur through chemical synapses or electrical coupling?
chemical synapses
Describe steps of cholinergic transmission
- Ca influx in
- Calcium triggers fusion of synaptic vesicles with presysnpatic membranes
- Release of Ach
- Ach stimulates cholinergic receptors
- Ach-E hydrolyzes Ach into choline and acetate
normal resting membrane potential?
-70mV
10 sites of drug actions
- AP propagation (not focusing on this)
- synthesis
- storage
- metabolism
- release
- re-uptake
- degradation
- Receptor for the transmitter
- receptor-induced increase of decrease in ion conductance
- retrograde signaling - (directly from post synaptic membrane)
How do all drugs work in CNS?
by modifying some step in chemical synaptic transmission
Sites of presynaptic drug actions?
synthesis, storage, metabolism, release of neurotransmitters
post synaptic drug actions?
agonist or antagonist
What are the two types of cellular organizations within the brain?
Hierarchical system
nonspecific (diffuse) system
two types of neurons in hierarchical system?
relay (projection) neurons
local circuit neurons
is hierarchical sensory or motor?
both
Characteristics of Relay (projection) neurons?
rare
release glutamate (excitatory)
transmit signals over long distance
relatively large cells
characteristics of local circuit neurons?
smaller than projections
release GABA or Glycine (inhibitory)
Two “types” of neurons in non-specific (diffuse) system?
contain monamines
noradrenergic system
Name 3 monoamines?
NE
Dopamine
serotonin
what kind of receptors does noradrenergic system act on?
metabotropic receptors
are noradrenergic effects long lasting?
yes
what functions does noradrenergic system play an important role in?
sleeping, waking, attention, appetite, and emotional state
Where are cell bodies of the noradrenergic system found?
locus caeruleus
describe the axons in noradrenergic system
fine, unmyelinated and conduct impulses very slowly
name the three amino acids
Glutamate
GABA
Glycine