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PBL Spring 2015 - Block 2 > NEURO 10 > Flashcards

NEURO 10 Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Where are face and hand areas of sensorimotor homunculi located

A

lateral convexities of cerebral cortex

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2
Q

Where are leg areasass of sensorimotor humunculi located

A

interhemispheric fisure

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3
Q

Where is Broca’s area

A

dominant (left) hemisphere in inferior frontal gyrus

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4
Q

Where is Wernicke’s area

A

Superior temporal gyrus adjacent to primary auditory cortex

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5
Q

What is important for attention to CL body and space

A

association cortex in nondominant (right) hemisphere (mainly parietal lobe)

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6
Q

Primary visual cortex for CL visual hemifield lies where

A

calcarine fissure of occipital lobe

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7
Q

optic radiations pass under __ and ___ which can be damaged with infarcts

A

parietal and temporal cortex

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8
Q

Where do the vertebral arteries arise from

A

subclavian arteries

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9
Q

anterior cerebral arteries anastomose to form

A

anterior communicating artery

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10
Q

how are anterior and posterior circulations linked

A

posterior communicating arteries

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11
Q

Branches of supraclinoid (intracranial) segment of internal carotid

A 
OPAAM
Opthalmic 
Posterior communicating 
Anterior choroidal
Anterior cerebral
Middle cerebral arteries
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12
Q

Segments of internal carotid

A

cervical through temporal bone to become petrous, begins S shaped turn (carotid siphon) turning into cavernous segment before beinding posterorly to enter subarachnoid space as supraclinoid segment

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13
Q

What supplies deep structures of brain

A

small penetrating branches from initial segments of main cerebral arteries near circle of WIllis

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14
Q

Anterior cerebral artery located where in brain

A

travels in interhemispheric fissure, sweeps back over corpus callosum

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15
Q

Anterior cerebral artery supplies what

A

most of cortex on anterior medial surface of brain

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16
Q

Middle cerebral artery located where

A

Sylvian fissure

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17
Q

What does middle cerebral artery bifurcate into

A

superior and inferior divsion

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18
Q

what does superior division of middle cerebral artery supply

A

cortex above sylvian fissure, lateral frontal lobe, peri-Rolandic cortex

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19
Q

inferior division of middle cerebral artery supplies

A

cortex below syvian fissure, lateral temporal lobe, part of parietal lobe

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20
Q

Posterior cerebral artery supplies

A

inferior and medial temporal and occipital cortex

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21
Q

most important penetrating vessels at base of brain

A

lentriculostriate arteries, part of middle cerebral artery, prone to narrowing in hypertension

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22
Q

Anterior choroidal artery supplies

A

globus pallidus, putamen, thalamus, posterior limb of internal capsule (motor pathways)

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23
Q

Recurrent artery of Heubner

A

comes off initial portion of anterior cerebral artery to supply head of caudate, anterior putamen, globus pallidus, and internal capsule

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24
Q

Left MCA superior division infarct
Affected territory
Deficit

A

Left anterior temporal lobe
R face/arm weakness UMN
Broca’s aphasia

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25
Left MCA inferior division infarct
Left inferior temporal lobe Wernicke's aphasia R. visual deficit R face and arm cortical type sensory loss
26
Left MCA deep territory
Left internal temporal lobe | R pure motor hemiparesis UMN
27
Left MCA stem
entire temproal lobe on left R hemiplegia, hemianestheia, homonymous hemianopia, global aphasia L gaze preference
28
Right MCA superior division infarct Affected territory deficit
Right superior tempora lobe | L face and arm weakness UMN
29
Right MCA inferior division infarct
Inferior termporal lobe on R | L hemineglect, visual field and somatosensory deficits, right gaze preference
30
Right MCA deep territory infarct
Internal R temporal lobe | L pure motore hemiparesis of UMN, L hemineglect
31
R MCA stem infarct
entire R temporal lobe | L hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, homonymous hemianopia, hemineglect, right gaze preference
32
L ACA infarct
R leg weakness UMN, cortical type sesnory loss
33
R ACA infarct
L leg weakness UMN, cortical type sensory loss
34
L PCA infarct
R homonymous hemianopia
35
R PCA infarct
L homonymous hemianopia
36
alien hand syndrome
ACA infarct can damage supplementary motor areas
37
Watershed infarcts produce what symptom
proximal arm and leg weakness (man in barrel syndrome)
38
Watershed infarrct in dominant hemisphere cause
transcortical aphasia
39
MCA PCA watershed infarct can cause disturbances of
higher order visual processing
40
most common cause of transient loss of consciousness
syncope, vasovagal transient episodes of hyptension, arrhythmias, non-neurologic causes
41
dofference between embolic and thrombotic infarcts
occur suddenly, maximal deficits at onset stuttering course
42
large vessel infarcts
major blood vessels such as the mca, usually caused by emboli
43
small vessel infarcts
affects basal ganglia, thalamus and internal capsule, midbrain, bons, medulla also called lacunar infarcts
44
Pure motor hemiparesis (dysarthria hemiparesis) Clinical features location of infarct
Unilateral face, arm, leg UMN weakness w/ dysarthria Posterior limb of internal capsule, ventral pons, corona radiata, cerebral peduncle
45
Ataxic hemiparesis Clinical features location of infarct
Unilateral face, arm, leg UMN weakness, ataxia Posterior limb of internal capsule, ventral pons, corona radiata, cerebral peduncle
46
Pure sensory stroke (thalamic lacunae) Clinical features Locations
sensory loss to CL face and body Ventral posterior lateral nucleus of thalamus
47
Sensorimotor stroke (thalamocapsular lacunae) Clinical features Locations
Sensory loss to CL face and body, unilateral face, arm, leg UMN weakness Posterior limb of internal capsule
48
Basal ganglia lacunae Clinical features Locations
Asymptomatic or causes hemiballismus | Caudate, putamen, globus pallidus or subthalamic nucleus
49
Proteinaceous emboli found in what disease
marantic endocarditis
50
What emboli found in cervical trauma
disc emboli
51
cortical signs
aphasia, neglect, homoymous visual field defects, cortical sensory loss
52
Subcortical lesion symptom
pure motor hemiparesis
53
stroke risk factors
hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cigareete smoking, family hisotry, vascular disease, afib, patent foramen ovale, decreased ejection fraction
54
what has to be done before patient can get tPA
CT to rule out hemorrhage
55
Time frame for tPA administration after stroke
preferably under 3 horus
56
contradindications to tPA administration
evidence/history of intracranial hemorrhage, AVM, anerysm, internal bleeding, abnormal platelet or coag studies, uncontrolled hypertension
57
what is given to stroke patients who cant have tPA
aspirin
58
amaurosis fugax
IL monocular visual loss
59
Carotid dissection symptoms
turbulent sound w/ each heartbeat, IL Horner's syndrome
60
Vertebral dissection
posterior neck and occipital pain
61
which cranial nerves pass through cavernous sinus
III, IV, V1, V2, VI
62
Common causes of sagittal sinus thrombosis
hypercoaguable states, pregnancies and postpartum
63
symptoms of sagittal sinus thrombosis
headaches, papilledema, seizures, depressed consciousness
64
Empty delta sign
indicative of sagittal sinus thrombosis, central darker filled defect filled w/ IV contrast in sinus

PBL Spring 2015 - Block 2 (11 decks)

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