Neuro 4 Flashcards
(48 cards)
HIV patient
infected with yeast that has a thick capsule
initial lung infection that travels to CNS
Cryptococcus neoformans
Nerve length constant
measure of how far along a nerve an electrical impulse can propagate. Low length constant- can’t travel as far
Myelin- increases length constant and decreases time constant
Most common cause of death in patients with TCA overdose
refractory hypotension and cardiac arrythmias. Caused because TCAs inhibit fast sodium channels.
Precocious puberty obstructive hydrocephalus parinaud syndrome (paralysis of upward gaze and convergence)
Pineal germinoma
In what gene are the repeats located in Fragile X syndrome?
FMR1 gene
Most common findings in PCA infarction
contralateral hemianopia (w/macular sparing)
Drugs that induce cyp450 system
barbituates rifampin carbamazepine griseofulvin chronic alcohol consumption
Drugs that inhibit cyp450
isoniazid cimetidine macrolides azoleantigungals grapefruit juice
Arnold Chiari malformation
congenital abnormality of impaired development of posterior fossa. Two types
1: benign and may manifest in adulthood as ataxia and headaches
2: more severe, evident in newborn (difficulty swallowing, dysphonia, stidor, apnea)
Most common cause of bitemporal hemianopsia
Prolactinoma (most common pituitary adenoma)
What birth defects are caused by valproate
Neural tube defects
valproate inhibits intestinal folic acid absorption
Two ways that amyloid plaques develop in Alzheimers disease
- Senile plaques- paranchymal extracellular deposits
2. Amyloid angiopathy- deposits in media and adventitia of cerebral vessels
What type of necrosis occurs in a CNS infarct
Liquefactive necrosis
What vessels are ruptured in a subdural hematoma
cortical bridging veins
What sense does not have a relay nuclei in the thalamus
smell
What sense has relay nuclei in the VPL nucleus
pain and temperature sensation, position and proprioception
What sense has relay nuclei in the lateral geniculate body
vision pathway
What sense has relay nuclei in the Medial geniculate body
auditory
What sense has relay nuclei in the VPM nucleus
taste
How do you measure potency of an inhaled anasthetic
minimal alveolar concentration
Two causes of subarachnoid hemmorrhage
rupture of saccular aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation
What is the most common complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Severe vasospams. usually occurs 4-12 days later
What E.coli virulence factor allows for hematogenous spread?
capsule (K-1 antigen)
Confusion, agitaion, tremor, tachycardia, hypertension, clonus, hyperreflexia, hyperthermia, and diapharesis
Patient who is on SSRIs
Serotonin syndrome
