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HK Last - Cardio > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

symmetrical descending paralysis

A

botulism

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2
Q

workup for guillan barre

A

High protein in CSF (normal glucose and WBC)

Electromyography and nerve conduction studies

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3
Q

workup shingles

A

Tzank smear

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4
Q

workup meningitis

A

viral: increased CSF protein, leukocytes, normal glucose
bacterial: increased CSF protein, leukocytes, decreased glucose

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5
Q

tx peripheral neuropathy

A

anitseizure meds: gabapentin, carbamezapein, phenytoin

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6
Q

workup rabies

A

if animal persent, brain biopsy for negri bodies

if encephalitis and presumed rabies, skin biopsy pt at nape of neck and viral cultures and PCR

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7
Q

rabies tx

A

rabies vaccines (passive and active)

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8
Q

tx for tetanus

A

tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) to bind exotoxin
Metronidazole
benzos for spasms

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9
Q 
acute onset of worst HA
facial pain 
altered consciousness
seizures
blurred vision
A

possible cerbral aneurism

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10
Q

workup for aneurism

A

CT angiogram
MRI
Angiogram

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11
Q

what do you need to diagnose AVM

A

MRI! CT can only identify large AVM

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12
Q

when to send a HA pt to ER

A 
worst
thuderclap
LOC
fever
Babinski positve
neuro issues (gait, etc)
papilledema
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13
Q

LMN palsy causing unilateral facial paralysis
ipsilateral lower face involvement
drooping of corner of mouth
difficulty speaking

A

Bell’s Palsy

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14
Q

workup Bell’s palsy

A

CT
nerve conduction testing
MRI

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15
Q

first line therapy trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamezapine

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16
Q

workup seizures

A

complete neuro
CBC, elctrolites
CT
EEG, MRI

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17
Q

treatment seizures

A

IV lactated ringer or normal saline

lorazepam and diazepam IV

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18
Q

head trauma
seizure without LOC
one side of body effected
staring spells

A

complex partial seizure

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19
Q

what is elevated in hours after Grand Mal seizure

A

CK

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20
Q

UMN signs: spasticity, Babinski, hyperreflexia
LMN signs: muscle weakness, atrophy
no sensory changes or bowel/bladder involvement
progressive degenerative MN dz

A

ALS

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21
Q

workup ALS

A

EMG
muscle biopsy
CT or MRI

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22
Q

tx ALS

A

Riluzole (glutamate antagonist)

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23
Q

autosomal dominant dz

slow onset chorea, irritability, cognitive decline

A

Huntington

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24
Q

workup Huntingtons

A

Genetic testing
CT
MRI atrophy of caudate nuclei and cerebral cortex

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25
tx Huntingtons
Tetrabenazine for chorea benzo antipsychotics - risperidone for movements
26
``` immune mediated inflammatory disease of myelin sensory dysfunction UMN dysfunction bladder dysf sexual dysf optic neuritis intention tremor UTI and constipation ```
MS
27
tx MS
interferon-beta to decrease inflammation Methotrexate benzos for spasticity
28
workup MS
MRI shows demyelinating plaques | CSF increased protien, leukocytes, and IgG
29
inflammation of spinal cord grey matter leading to muscle weakness and flaccid paralysis fever, neck stiffness asymmetrical muscle wekaness
poliomyelitis
30
``` CNS neoplasm worsening headache n/v atered mental status visual and motor disturbance ```
astrocytoma
31
double vision, weakness, gait issues, dificulty swallowing
glioma
32
unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, disequilibrium
schwannoma/acoustic neuroma
33
what is correlated with acoustic neuroma
Neurofibromatosis Type II leads to multiple tumors
34
next step for sensorineuro hearing loss
audiometry
35
tx for Huntingtons
Terbenazine
36
best test to confirm Cerbrovascular accident
CT
37
supplements for stroke pt
ALA
38
serologic marker for Alzeimers and chronic traumatic encephalopathy
APOe E4
39
what supplement should be avoided while taking Levodopa
pyridoxine because it increases dopamine breakdown
40
what drug is a dopamine receptor agonist: Levodopa, carbidopa, pramiprexole
pramiprexole | other too decrease peripheral breakdown of dopamine
41
CNS image of choise
MRI
42
increased and decreased serotonin
increased: anxiety decreased: depression, aggressin
43
increased and decreased GABA
increased: lethargy decreased: anxiety
44
increased and decreased acetylcholine
increased: memory, delirium, delusions decreased: aggression, depression
45
side effect of dopamine blocking with neuroleptic drugs
increased prolactin
46
increased vs decreased dopamine
increased: psychosis, anxiety, confusionm aggression decreased: dementia, movement disorders, depression
47
catecholamines and precursors
dopamine and norEPI | phenylalanine is precursor to tyrosine
48
precursor to serotonin
tryptophan
49
what will enhance effects of serotonin
B6, tryptophan, 5-HTP
50
tricyclic antidepressants
amitryptiline | nortryptyline
51
SSRI
citalopramCelexa | escitalopram: Lexapro
52
pain management strategy
increase Serotonin, DOPA, and NE
53
H1 blockers non-sedating vs sedating)
Non-sedating: loratadine (claritin) Cetirizine (zyrtec) Gexofenadine (allegra) Sedating: diphenhydramine promethazine cyproheptadine
54
glycine caution with what helpful with waht
helps: anxiety, wound healing, muscle spasm | extreme caution in bipolar pt
55
anti convulsant/seizure
anti-seizure: phenytoin and carbamazepine Gaba: Gabapentin, neurontin, pregabalin, lyrica clonazepam benzo: alprazolam and diazepam other: valproate, topiramate, lamotrigene, lamictal
56
seizure that spreads to different parts of body, sensory sx, flushing, epigastric
jacksonian seizure
57
seizures at menstruation due to hormone fuctuations
catemenial
58
bipolar meds
``` lithium atypical antipsychotics: risperidone, quetiapine, ariprazole carbamezepine, phenytoin lamotrigine valproate ```
59
what is good to supplement with lithium
folate
60
what mineral should combined with methylphenidate for ADHD
zinc
61
methergine
Ergot for migraines
62
HA with tearing, red eye, 15-180min, one sided, can be triggered, rapid onset, no N/V
cluster ha
63
dull diffuse ha on waking
carbon monoxide poisoning
64
DEA drug class schedules
``` c-1 heroin, lsd, marijuana c-2 oxycodone, percocet, codeie and hydrocodone alone c-3 codeine and hydrocodone with ... C-4 diazepam C-5 buprenophine ```
65
DEA class for tramadol
none
66
muscle relaxants
methocarbamol carisoprodol cyclobenzaprine
67
peripheral pain control
NSAIDs: aspirin, ibuprofin, rofecoxib, celocoxib, indomethecin, naproxen, toradol (not used a lot) Steroids: Gout meds - colchicine, allopurinol
68
cox2 inhibitors
rofecoxib | celocoxib
69
what do you want to be careful with when giving SAMe
serotonin, NE, dopamine
70
what is CI with dopamine agonist
tyrosine and phenylalanine
71
what does zinc deplete
copper | give in 20:1 (zinc to copper)
72
toxic dose of tyelenol
7-10mg | 2-4/day ok

HK Last - Cardio (16 decks)

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