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Flashcards in neuro drugs Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is kepra? what is the most common side effect of kepra?

A

An anti-epileptic drug- leviteracetam. Can cause emotional distress and irritability.

2
Q

what are some side effects of phenytoin?

A

Phenytoin= anti-convulsant. Some side effects include nausea, vomiting, allergy, induction of enzymes, pseudo leukaemia and drowsiness. MAIN ONE- GUM HYPERTROPHY AND HIRSUTISM

3
Q

what are the pharmokinetics of phenytoin?

A

zero order kinetics

4
Q

what are some side effects of valproate?

A

teratogenicity. so should be warned to patients who are considering pregnancy. Mostly associated with spina bifida

5
Q

what are some drug interactions of anti epileptic drugs that you should know about?

A

enzyme induction by barbitutates, carbamezapine and phenytoin. They increase the elimination of most other anti epileptic drugs, the OCP and most other drugs metabolised by the liver (e.g. warfarin, cyclosporin and antiretrovirals)

6
Q

which anti epileptic LEAST interferes with the OCP?

A

sodium valproate. However, has severe teratogenic effects

7
Q

what is first line therapy for MAINTENANCE management of tonic clonic seizures?

A

sodium valproate or carbamezapine

8
Q

what is a consideration of the dosage amount of carbamezapine?

A

The drug induces its own metabolism and therefore the maintenance dose must be higher simply to maintain the same concentrations as were achieved with the starting dose.

9
Q

What is first line therapy in the ACUTE management of seizure?

A

clonazepam/diazepam (benzodiazepines)

10
Q

What type of seizure is carbamezapine preferred drug of choice?

A

partial seizures, however it can also be used for generalised tonic clonic seizures

11
Q

what type of drug is carbamezapine?

A

sodium channel blocker drug/anticonvulsant

12
Q

Name some dopamine agonists, and list some adverse side effects. What are these dopamine agonists used for?

A

Bromocriptine, Cabergoline, Apomorphine are dopamine agonists. They are used in PD, acromegaly and PRL secreting pituitary tumours. They can cause erythromelagia (adverse rare event), impulsive behaviour e.g. gambling, confusion, pulmonary fibrosis (rare event)

13
Q

what are the 3 mechanisms of actions for anti-epileptics?

A
  1. enhance GABA
  2. Inhibit Sodium channels
  3. Inhibit calcium channels
14
Q

what is interesting about clonazepam in the use for seizures?

A

Both GABA agonist and calcium channel blocker

15
Q

first line therapy for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

carbamazepine