Neuro Radiology Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

Plain films advantages and limitations

A

+readily available
+easy to interpret
-limited to calcified areas such as bone

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2
Q

Indications for a skull series (3)

A

Trauma, congenital anomalies, and bone neoplasms

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3
Q

Indications for a cervical spine series (3)

A

Fractures, subluxations, or dislocations

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4
Q

A cervical lateral projection needs to have visibility down to…

A

…T1

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5
Q

Jefferson fracture

A

C1 fracture caused by diving into shallow pool, unstable breaking of the atlas

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6
Q

Odontoid fracture

A

C2 fracture caused by hyperflexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion, sheering forces, unstable breaking of the dens

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7
Q

Hangman fracture

A

C2 fracture caused by hyperextension, unstable

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8
Q

MRI takes approx ___ while CT is near ___

A

45 min, immediate

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9
Q

Spondylosis vs spondylitis vs spondylolysis vs spondylolethesis

A

Osteoarthritis of the spine vs inflammation of the joints (look fused) vs fracture of pars interarticularis (scotty dog) vs forward slippage of vertebral body (something leaning wayyy too forward)

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10
Q

When to order CT (5)

A
  • Fall over age of 65
  • alcoholics
  • substantial trauma
  • Changes in mental status or being knocked out for over a minute
  • new onset seizure
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11
Q

Supra vs infratentorial components

A

4th ventricle is infra while the rest are supra, the cerebellum and brainstem is infratentorial while the thalamus, basal ganglion, and cerebrum are supra

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12
Q

Epidural hematoma are ___ in origin, subdural hematoma are ___ in origin

A

arterial, venous

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13
Q

Most common location of epidural hematoma, what is the nickname for this syndrome? How do they need to be treated?

A

Middle meningeal artery, talk and die syndrome, evacuation to relieve intracranial pressure

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14
Q

Subdural hematoma are often caused by ___ or ____

A

Falls or motor vehicle accident

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15
Q

Subarachnoid hemorrhage are often caused by ____, predisposition for them can be caused by…

A

Aneurysm (sudden tunderclap headache)

-…familial inheritance

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16
Q

T1 vs T2 vs Flair MRI

A

T1 images have CSF appear as dark and T2 images have CSF appear as bright and Flair has T2 images but CSF is attenuated and made dark

17
Q

Limitations to MRI (2)

A
  • Inferior to CT in acute hemorrhage

- Inferior to CT in detection of bony injury

18
Q

Stroke initial assessment is done thru ___ to confirm diagnosis before giving thrombolytic therapy, while later date once stabilized can send thru ___

A

CT, MRI

19
Q

Cervical meylopathy

A

Central compression of the spinal cord causing bilateral clumsiness in hands and gait imbalance at the cervical spine

20
Q

PET scans and what 3 things is it used for

A
  • Nuclear medicine exams using a radioactive tracer

- used to detect early stage malignant disease, epilepsy, and dementia

21
Q

Myelogram

A

A plain x ray or CT with injected dye into the subarachnoid space