Neuro V

Question 1

werdnig hoffman disease

Answer 1

congenital - degeneration of anterior horns SC
auto rec
spinal muscular atrophy

LMN lesion only

destroy anterior horn
flaccid paralysis

Question 2

multiple sclerosis

Answer 2

demyelination

loss white matter cervical region

nystagmus, intention tremor, etc.

Question 3

AML

Answer 3

UMN and LMN dosorder

no sensory or oculomotor defect

defect - SOD 1

fasisculation with atrophy and weak hands

riluzole - increased survival - by decrease presynpatic glutamate relase

aka lou gehrig

Question 4

riluzole

Answer 4

glutamate antagonist

Question 5

occlusion of anterior spinal artery

Answer 5

spare dorsal column and lissauer tract

upper thoracic ASA - watershed area

Question 6

tabes dorsalis

Answer 6

tertiary syphilis

demyelination - dorsal columns and roots

loss sensation/proprioception
progressive sensory ataxia

absent DTR and romberg sign

Question 7

syringomyelia

Answer 7

B/L pain and temp - C8-T1

with chiari I malformation

Question 8

vit B12 deficiency

Answer 8

subacute combined degeneration of SC

demyelination dorsal column, lateral corticospinal tract, spinocerebellar tract

ataxic gait
paresthesia
impaired position and vibration sense

Question 9

poliomyelitis

Answer 9

poliovirus
fecal oral

replicate- oropharynx and small intestine

destruction anterior horn of spinal cord - LMN death

sx - weak, hypotonic, flaccid paralysis, fasiculation, hyporeflex, muscle atrophy

CSF high WBC and high protein

virus in stool and throat

Question 10

friedreich ataxia

Answer 10

CH 9 auto rec GAA repeat
-frataxin protein - iron binding

impair mito fxn

degeneration multi tracts of SC

• muscle weak, loss DTR, vib sense, proprio
• staggering gait, falling, nystagmus
• hammer toe, pes cavus
• diabetes mellitus

cause of death - hypertrophic cardiomyoapthy

with kyphoscoliosis

Question 11

brown sequard syndrome

Answer 11

hemisection of SC

UMN sign below lesion I/L

I/L loss tactile, vibration, proprioception

C/L - pain and temp below lesion

above T1 - may see horner syndrome

Question 12

L4 dermatome

Answer 12

kneecap

Question 13

T10 dermatome

Answer 13

belly button

Question 14

T4 dermatome

Answer 14

nipple

Question 15

S2,3,4 dermatome

Answer 15

erection and sensation of penile and anal zone

Question 16

L1 dermatone

Answer 16

inguinal ligamnet

Question 17

T7 dermatome

Answer 17

xiphoid

Question 18

C2 dermatome

Answer 18

skull cap

Question 19

C3 dermatome

Answer 19

high collar

Question 20

C4 dermatome

Answer 20

low collar

Question 21

anal wink

Answer 21

S3/4

Question 22

cemaster reflex

Answer 22

L1-2

Question 23

tricep reflex

Answer 23

C7

Question 24

bicep reflex

Answer 24

C5

Question 25

patellar reflex

Answer 25

L4

Question 26

achilles reflex

Answer 26

S1

Question 27

moro refle

Answer 27

abduct/extend arm when startled

Question 28

sucking reflex

Answer 28

touch roof mouth

Question 29

plantar reflex

Answer 29

dorsiflex large toe and fan other toes babinski - see this in adult - UMN lesion

Question 30

galant reflex

Answer 30

stoke side of spine lateral flexion toward stimuli

Question 31

CN IV

Answer 31

trochlear - arise dorsally and immediately decussates

Question 32

cranial nerves medial on brainstem

Answer 32

3, 4, 6, 12

Question 33

superior colliculi

Answer 33

vertical gaze

Question 34

inferior colliculi

Answer 34

auditory

Question 35

parinaud syndrome

Answer 35

loss conjugate vertical gaze lesion - superior colliculi

Question 36

optic canal

Answer 36

CN 2 ophthalmic artery central retinal vein

Question 37

superior orbital fissure

Answer 37

CN 3, 4, 5a, 6 | ophthlamic vein

Question 38

foramen rotundum

Answer 38

5b

Question 39

foramen ovale

Answer 39

5c

Question 40

foramen spinosum

Answer 40

middle meningel a

Question 41

internal auditory meatus

Answer 41

CN 7,8

Question 42

jugular foramen

Answer 42

CN 9, 10, 11 | jugular vein

Question 43

hypoglossal canal

Answer 43

CN 12

Question 44

foramen magnum

Answer 44

spina root CN 11 brain stem vertebral arteries