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Neuro Viruses Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

polyomavirus family members

A

JC and BK

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2
Q

JC structure - nucleic acid

A

dsDNA, circular

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3
Q

JC and BK epidemiology

A

primarily causes disease in the IMMUNOCOMPROMISED

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4
Q

JC transmission

A

respiratory

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5
Q

JC clinical course

A

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy:
-transplant/AIDS patients
-progressive deterioration in mental function due to inflamed or destroyed OLIGODENDROCYTES
-clumsiness, progressive weakness, changes in vision, speech, and personality

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6
Q

JC infects what cells ?

A

oligodendrocytes (causing demyelination)

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7
Q

BK infects what organs

A

KIDNEYS

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8
Q

BK clinical course

A

-nephropathy and kidney/urinary tract issues
-hemorrhagic cystitis
*classically seen in RENAL TRANSPLANT recipients

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9
Q

picornavirus family members (for neuro disease)

A

polio

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10
Q

polio structure - nucleic acid

A

*ss (+) RNA, linear, non-segmented

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11
Q

polio structure

A

NAKED, icosahedral, small (“pico”)

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12
Q

polio receptor

A

CD155

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13
Q

polio epidemiology clues

A

Afghanistan or Pakistan

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14
Q

polio transmission

A

fecal-oral

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15
Q

polio clinical course

A

-fever
-aseptic meningitis
*paralytic polio: FLACCID, asymmetric PARALYSIS, no sensory loss
-often asymptomatic though

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16
Q

what does the polio virus target

A

ANTERIOR HORN MOTOR NEURONS

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17
Q

polio testing

A

antibody tests

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18
Q

polio vaccines

A
  1. killed vaccine (Salk; used in the US)
  2. live vaccine (Sabin)
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19
Q

flavivirus family members

A

-Yellow Fever
-Dengue
-Zika
-West Nile
-St. Louis Encephalitis
-Japanese Encephalitis
-Hep C

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20
Q

West Nile reservoir and vector

A

reservoir = birds
vector = mosquitos

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21
Q

flavivirus structure - nucleic acid

A

*ss (+) RNA, linear

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22
Q

flavivirus structure

A

enveloped, icosahedral

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23
Q

West Nile clinical course

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A
  1. West Nile Fever: fever, headache, myalgias, rash, stiff neck (meningitis)
  2. Summer Encephalitis: disorientation/confusion, stupor/coma, tremors, seizures, WEAKNESS or partial flaccid paralysis
24
Q

West Nile testing

Study These Flashcards
A

antibody test & CSF PCR

25
St. Louis Encephalitis reservoir and vector
reservoir = birds vector = mosquitos
26
St. Louis Encephalitis clinical course
1. mild illness (most infections) 2. meningitis: fever, headache, neck stiffness 3. Summer Encephalitis: disorientation/confusion, stupor/coma, tremors, seizures, SPASTIC PARALYSIS
27
St. Louis Encephalitis epidemiology
can be year-round in the southern US
28
St. Louis Encephalitis testing
antibody test, CSF PCR
29
Japanese Encephalitis reservoir and vector
reservoir = birds and pigs vector = mosquitos
30
Japanese Encephalitis epidemiology
*South, East, and Southeast Asia predominantly
31
Japanese Encephalitis clinical course
1. asymptomatic or mild illness (most infections) 2. meningitis: fever, headache, stiff neck 3. Summer encephalitis: disorientation/confusion, stupor/coma, tremors, seizures, SPASTIC PARALYSIS
32
Japanese Encephalitis mortality rate
very HIGH mortality rate if it progresses to encephalitis
33
Japanese Encephalitis testing
antibody test
34
Japanese Encephalitis vaccine
live attenuated AND inactivated vaccines available
35
Alphavirus family members
Eastern (and western) Equine Encephalitis, Chikungunya
36
Alphavirus structure - nucleic acid
*ss(+) RNA, linear
37
Alphavirus structure
enveloped, icosahedral
38
Alphavirus transmission
mosquitos for EEE and WEE RODENTS for chikungunya
39
Eastern Equine Encephalitis clinical course
severe encephalitis
40
Chikungunya clinical course
JOINT PAIN, fever, rash
41
La Crosse & California encephalitis structure - nucleic acid
*ss (-) RNA, 3 SEGMENTS
42
La Crosse & California encephalitis transmission
mosquitos
43
La Crosse & California encephalitis clinical course
1. mild illness (most cases) 2. meningitis: fever, headache, neck stiffness 3. Summer Encephalitis: disorientation/confusion, stupor/coma, tremors, seizures, paralysis
44
rabies structure - nucleic acid
*ss(-) RNA, linear, non-segmented
45
rabies structure
enveloped, HELICAL nucleocapsid **BULLET-SHAPED
46
rabies receptor
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AchR)
47
how does rabies virus travel
by RETROGRADE EXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT to DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA
48
rabies transmission
bite or contact with an infected animal (bats in the US; dogs in other countries)
49
rabies clinical course
-flu like illness initially -HYDROPHOBIA -seizures -disorientation -HALLUCINATIONS -HYPERSALIVATION
50
rabies testing
Negri bodies on pathology of brain biopsy (post-mortem)
51
rabies treatment
supportive
52
rabies vaccines
*KILLED VIRUS VACCINE *after bite, give 1 dose of human rabies immunoglobulin and 4-dose series of rabies (killed virus) vaccine
53
lymphocytic choriomeningitis transmission
RODENTS (mice, pet hamsters, etc)
54
lymphocytic choriomeningitis clinical course (acquired)
2 phase disease: *starts with fever, headache, malaise, sore throat *then, patient GETS BETTER *then, ASEPTIC MENINGITIS
55
lymphocytic choriomeningitis clinical course: CONGENITAL LCMV
spontaneous abortions, brain abnormalities, optic abnormalities, neuro deficits
56
lymphocytic choriomeningitis testing
antibody test; CSF PCR

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