Neurobiology 2 (Brain and Nerves)

Question 1

What are the 2 parts of prosencephalon?

Answer 1

• telencephalon and diencephalon

Question 2

Where is the prosencephalon and what are the parts?

Answer 2

• forebrain
• diencephalon and telencephalon

Question 3

What is in the telencephalon?

Answer 3

• cerebral cortex and hippocampus
• also basal ganglia

Question 4

What is in the diencephalon?

Answer 4

• thalamus and hypothalamus
• also basal ganglia

Question 5

What is in the mesencephalon?

Answer 5

midbrain and basal ganglia

Question 6

what is in the rhombencephalon?

Answer 6

• metencephalon and myelencephalon

Question 7

What parts are in the metencephalon?

Answer 7

• pons and cerebellum

Question 8

What parts are in the myelencephalon?

Answer 8

medulla

Question 9

What is the pink region?

Answer 9

• telencephalon (cerebrum + hippocampus)

Question 10

What is the blue region?

Answer 10

diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)

Question 11

What is the orange region?

Answer 11

• mesencephalon (midbrain)

Question 12

What is the yellow region?

Answer 12

metencephalon (cerebellum and pons)

Question 13

What is the green region?

Answer 13

myelencephalon (medulla)

Question 14

What is the function of the medulla?

Answer 14

• breathing and blood pressure

Question 15

What is the function of the pons?

Answer 15

facial movement, hearing, balance, respiration

Question 16

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 16

• relay station for input to cerebral cortex

Question 17

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 17

• endocrine regulation, appetite, emotional behavior

Question 18

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Answer 18

procedural learning, voluntary movement

Question 19

What is the function of the hippocampus?

Answer 19

• learning and memory

Question 20

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 20

• maintenance of posture and balance

Question 21

What is the function of the cerebrum?

Answer 21

high level processing and integration of sensory stimuli, initiation of motor responses

Question 22

What is at 1?

Answer 22

cerebral cortex (gray)

Question 23

What is at 2?

Answer 23

cerebral cortex (white)

Question 24

What is at 3?

Answer 24

corpus callosum

Question 25

What is at 4?

Answer 25

thalamus

Question 26

What is at 5?

Answer 26

hypothalamus

Question 27

What is at 6?

Answer 27

pineal gland

Question 28

What is at 7?

Answer 28

pituitary gland

Question 29

What is at 8?

Answer 29

midbrain

Question 30

What is at 9?

Answer 30

pons

Question 31

What is at 10?

Answer 31

cerebellum

Question 32

What is at 11?

Answer 32

medulla

Question 33

What is at 12?

Answer 33

spinal cord

Question 34

What does the grey matter contain?

Answer 34

mostly cell bodies and dendrites

Question 35

What does white matter contain?

Answer 35

mostly axons

Question 36

How does the matter organize in spinal cord?

Answer 36

- grey matter inside (the horns), white matter outside

Question 37

How does the matter organize in the brainstem?

Answer 37

- gray matter in small balls around outside, white matter majority

Question 38

How does the matter organize in the brain?

Answer 38

- gray matter outside forms lobes - white matter inside

Question 39

Discuss spinal nerves

Answer 39

- arise from spinal cord - innervate caudal to head (mostly) - cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia or ventral horn - # = vertebrae #

Question 40

Discuss cranial nerves

Answer 40

- arise from brain - innervate structure in head and neck (mostly) - may be sensory, motor, or mixed cell body in nuclei within brain or ganglia outside brain - 12 pairs

Question 41

Cranial Nerve I

Answer 41

- olfactory - sensory: smell - in telencephalon

Question 42

Cranial Nerve II

Answer 42

- optic - sensory: vision - in diancephalon

Question 43

Cranial Nerve III

Answer 43

- occulomotor - mesencephalon - motor: eye movement

Question 44

Cranial Nerve IV

Answer 44

- trochlear - motor: eye movement - mesencephalon

Question 45

Cranial Nerve V

Answer 45

- trigeminal - sensory: facial sensation - motor: muscles of mastication - metencephalon

Question 46

Cranial Nerve VI

Answer 46

- abducent - myelencephalon - sensory: none - motor: eye movement

Question 47

Cranial Nerve: VII

Answer 47

- facial - myelencephalon - sensory: ear sensation - motor: facial expression

Question 48

Cranial Nerve VIII:

Answer 48

- vestibulocochlear - myelencephalon - sensory: hearing and balance

Question 49

Cranial Nerve IX:

Answer 49

- glossopharyngeal - myelencephalon - sensory: throat sensation - motor: throat muscles

Question 50

Cranial nerve X

Answer 50

- vagus nerve - myelencephalon - sensory: internal organ sensation - motor: internal organ muscle contraction/ gland secretion

Question 51

Cranial Nerve XI:

Answer 51

- spinal accessory - myelencephalon - motor: movement of head and neck

Question 52

Cranial Nerve XII:

Answer 52

- hypoglossal - myelencephalon - motor: tongue movement

Question 53

lyssencephelic

Answer 53

"smooth brain" - birds, rodents, koalas, bats, some primates

Question 54

Mnemonics for nerves

Answer 54

- Oh Oh Oh They Traveled And Found Voldermort Guarding Very Ancient Horcurxes - Some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter most

Question 55

dermatome

Answer 55

- sensory component carries information from a specific area of skin, and muscles, organs, and connective tissue from that area