NEURODEVELOPEMTAL DISORDERS Flashcards
(47 cards)
NEURODEVELOPMENT DISORDER
onset in a developmenal period
present in early childhood
may be presented in excess or deficit or delay
affects social , personal, academic or occupational
Interlectual disibiltiy diagnosis
- Deficits in intellectual functioning AND
- Deficits in adaptive functioning that lead to
* Limitations in communication, social participation, independent living across
multiple environments (home, school, work, community).
intellectual functioning test
➢ Wechsler intelligence tests
(versions for adult and children)
neurotypical average IQ
100 (SD=+/- 15)
intellectual disability
IQ scored 2 SD below the mean
less than or equal to 70 +/- 5
Mensa
IQ above 135
deficit in adapative functioning
inability to do age-appropriate activity
function independantly
conceptualise. eg academic
socal skills
practial skills. eg bathe, comb hair, brush teeth, take care of them selves
Adaptive functioning test
Vineland Adaptive behaviour scale
Intellectulal disibility classification
Mild (85%) - would eventuallu be able to grow up independently ( minimum support). immature social interactions.
Moderate - varying support needed; would be in group homes. limited communication and socialization skills
severe - requires daily assistance. simple speech and may have maladaptive behavior
profound - requires 24/7 care. nonveral patients
genetic cause of ID
down syndrome
inherited cause
fragile x syndrome
Specific learning disorder- diagnose
Difficulty learning and using academic skills
* At least one symptom for at least 6 months
AND
academic skills less than expected for age
academic skills less than expected for school
demands > capacity
cause significant interference with academic , occupational or daily living
Learning and academic difficulty
- At least one symptom for at least 6 months
a) Slow/inaccurate/effortful word reading
b) Difficulty understanding meaning of what is read
c) Difficulty spelling
d) Difficulty with written expression
e) Difficulty with numbers/calculation
f) Difficulty with mathematical reasoning
Specific learning disorders specifiers
impairment in reading(Dyslexia)
impairment in written expression
impairment in mathematics (dyscalculia)
Communication disorder types
- languange
- speech
- social/ communication disorder
languange disorder diagnosis
difficulty with native languange.
- Persistent difficulty in the acquisition and use of language across modalities
(speaking, reading, writing, signing, etc.)
There is:
a) Decreased vocabulary
b) Limited sentence structure
c) Impairments in conversing (limited vocabulary, cannot connect sentences) - Language ability below expectations for age (typically present before 4 years)
Speech sound disorder diagnosis
difficulty in pronouncations
should sound intelligible by 3-4 year
milder cases by age 8
Speech Sound disorder management
Speech therapy
Childhood onset fluency disorder
A. Persistent disturbances in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech that
are inappropriate for age and level of language skill
1. Sound and syllable repetitions
2. Sound prolongations of consonants and vowels
3. Broken words
4. Blocking – pauses in speech
5. Words produced with excessive tension
6. Monosyllabic whole-word repetitions (e.g., “I-I-I-I see him”)
B. The disturbance causes anxiety about speaking or limits effective communication
Social Communication disorder
difficulty with verbal and nonveral communication
(social use- make greetings, share information)
can’t paraphrase
take things literal.
have functional limitation in communication
can’t deffrientate between professional and personal meetings
diagnosis made aftter 5 years
Tic Disorder
Motor movements or vocialization that is involunteery
Tic disorder catageroy
- Motor:
a) Simple – eye blink
b) Complex – gestures, sequence of movements - Vocal:
a) Simple – throat clearing
b) Complex – linguistically-meaningful utterances
Tourettes disorder diagnoses
- Multiple motor tics AND at least one vocal tic sometime during the
illness - Symptoms last > 1 year
- Onset is before 18 years and not due to another cause
tourettes disorder etiology
A genetic disorder with over-activity of dopamine
