Neurological disorders

Question 1

Expected findings for meningitis

Answer 1

photophobia
vomiting
irritability
headache

Question 2

s/s of meningitis for 2 years old and up

Answer 2

positive Brudzinski’s sign
nuchal rigidity

Question 3

expected lab results for bacterial meningitis

Answer 3

cloudy urine
elevated wbc and protein
decreased glucose
positive gram stain

Question 4

when can anesthetic cream be applied prior to an LP?

Answer 4

45 min-1 hr

Question 5

nursing care for meningitis

Answer 5

isolation
urine output
vital signs
maintain peaceful environment
elevate HOB

Question 6

Reye syndrome

Answer 6

effects liver and brain

Question 7

s/s of Reye syndrome

Answer 7

lethargy
confusion
seizures
profuse vomiting

Question 8

risk factors for seizures

Answer 8

febrile episode
anoxia
migraine
infection

Question 9

Tonic-Clonic (grand-mal) seizure

Answer 9

without warning
both tonic and clonic phase

Question 10

Tonic phase of seizure

Answer 10

10-20 seconds
eyes roll back
loss of consciousness
muscle contraction
mouth snaps shut

Question 11

Clonic phase of seizure

Answer 11

30-50 seconds
violent jerking
foaming of mouth
can be incontinent

Question 12

Postictal state

Answer 12

30 min
semiconscious
confused for hours
no memory of seizure

Question 13

Absence seizure (petit mal)

Answer 13

motionless
blank stare
no change in behavior
slight confusion

Question 14

Myoclonic seizure

Answer 14

variety of seizure episodes
brief contractions

Question 15

Atonic seizure

Answer 15

drop attack
lost muscle tone for a few seconds

Question 16

nursing care during a seizure

Answer 16

have suction ready
turn on side
time it
loosen restrictive clothing

Question 17

Decorticate posturing

Answer 17

arms bent toward body, hands balled

Question 18

Decerebrate posturing

Answer 18

arms away from body
wrist flexed