Neurological Impairments

Question 1

Define composite impairments

Answer 1

result of combine effect of 2 or more other impairments

Question 2

List the motor cortex deficits

Answer 2

muscle weakness, abnormal synergies, coactivation, abnormalities of muscle tone

Question 3

Motor weakness is also called

Answer 3

paresis

Question 4

Abnormal synergies is a _ and _ problem

Answer 4

activation and sequencing

Question 5

Describe coactivation

Answer 5

agonist and antagonist both activated at the same time

Question 6

Hypotonicity (reduced/increased) resistance to passive movement

Answer 6

reduced

Question 7

Flaccidity is velocity (independent/dependent)

Answer 7

independent

Question 8

Hypertonicity is the _ to passive movement

Answer 8

resistance

Question 9

Rigidity is the velocity (independent/dependent)

Answer 9

independent

Question 10

Spasticity is velocity (independent/dependent)

Answer 10

dependent

Question 11

Rigidity is seen with lesions of the (basal ganglia, cerebellum)

Answer 11

basal ganglia

Question 12

What are the clinical scales for spasticity?

Answer 12

Modified Ashworth, SCATS (spinal cord)

Question 13

What is seen with cerebellar pathology?

Answer 13

hypotonia, ataxia or dyscoordination of voluntary movement, action or intention tremor

Question 14

What is seen with Basal Ganglia pathology

Answer 14

hypokinetic, hyperkinetic movement, cognitive and behavioral disorders

Question 15

Spasticity changes the _ properties of _ and other tissues

Answer 15

physical, muscle

Question 16

(Paresis/spasticity) results in underlying structural changes in muscle

Answer 16

Paresis

Question 17

What impairment is seen with medial lemniscal system lesions?

Answer 17

loss of discriminative touch and proprioception

Question 18

What impairment is seen with lateral spinothalamic tract lesions?

Answer 18

pain sensibility, ability to detect thermal changes, loss of more coarse touch

Question 19

What impairment is seen with somatosensory cortex lesions?

Answer 19

loss of discriminative sensations: two-point discrimination, proprioception, stereognosis, localization

Question 20

Body scheme deficit

Answer 20

awareness of body parts, position of body in relationship to environment

Question 21

Right-left discrimination

Answer 21

ability to understand concepts of left and right

Question 22

Body-part identification

Answer 22

ability to identify body parts of self and others

Question 23

Anosognosia

Answer 23

unawareness or denial of deficits

Question 24

Unilateral neglect

Answer 24

neglect of one side of body or extrapersonal space

Question 25

Position in space

Answer 25

ability to understand concepts like over, under, around, above and below

Question 26

spatial relations

Answer 26

ability to percieve self in relation to other objects

Question 27

topographic orientation

Answer 27

ability to find ones way from one place to another

Question 28

figure ground perception

Answer 28

ability to distinguish foreground from background

Question 29

limb apraxia

Answer 29

inability to carry out purposeful movement in the presence of intact sensation

Question 30

constructional apraxia

Answer 30

the deficit in constructional activities

Question 31

dressing apraxia

Answer 31

inability to dress oneself

Question 32

attention

Answer 32

ability to focus on a specific stimulus without being distracted

Question 33

orientation

Answer 33

knowledge related to person, place and time

Question 34

memory

Answer 34

registration, encoding, storage, recall, and retrieval of info

Question 35

problem solving

Answer 35

ability to manipulate a fund of knowledge and apply this info to new or unfamiliar situations