Neurology Flashcards
(128 cards)
1
Q
conjunctival haemorrhage + necrotic purpuric rash (non-blanching rash)
A
meningococcal meningitis
2
Q
Investigations of meningococcal meningitis
A
- Blood Culture
- CSF examination (C/I in low platelet cases)
3
Q
Thrombolysis Indication Time
A
Administered within 4.5 hours of symptom onset
4
Q
Thrombectomy Indication Time
A
Administered within 6 hours of symptom onset
5
Q
Initial Management of CVA patient with unknown time frame of weakness
A
Aspirin 300 mg
6
Q
Adjunct for Parkinsonism for people with dyskinesia or fluctuating motor symptoms
A
Entacapone
7
Q
Tropical Spastic Paralysis
A
Young Age + Similar Complaints for Partner + Sexual Transmission
8
Q
Cancer Patient with meningitis symptoms but no malignant cells on LP Study
A
Carcinomatous Meningitis
9
Q
Change in behaviour + Loss of vocabulary + Atrophy of frontal lobe in MRI
A
Fronto-Temporal Dementia
10
Q
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis C/F
A
Young + Intermittent weakness a few hous after exercise + Hypokalemia
11
Q
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis Management
A
Acetazolamide
12
Q
Migraine Prophylaxis Medications
A
TCA - Amitriptalline
Beta Blocker - Propanolol
13
Q
Young patient with Intracerebral bleed IOC - Diagnosis AVM
A
IOC - MRI Head + Angiography
14
Q
Optic Atrophy + SNHL + Peripheral Neuropathy + Poor
A
B12 Deficiency
15
Q
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 1 Diagnostic feature
A
Calf Muscle Weakness + Young
16
Q
Stroke + Malar Flush + Livido Reticularis + Slight Mental Retardation Diagnosis
A
Homocystinuria
17
Q
Fluctuating Levels of Memory + Visual Hallucinations + Bradykinesia Diagnosis
A
Lewy Body Dementia
18
Q
Lewy Body Dementia Management
A
Ach Inhibitors - Rivastigmine and Donepezil
19
Q
Wernicke’s encephalopathy C/F
A
Horizontal Gaze Evoked Nystagmus + Ataxia + Confusion
20
Q
Frederich Ataxia C/F
A
<25 year old + Ataxia + Lower Limb Deep Tendon reflex absent
21
Q
Common Cause of Myasthenia Gravis Relapse
A
Pregnancy
22
Q
Investigations for Myasthenia Gravis
A
1st - Acetylcholine receptor antibodies
2nd - Muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase
23
Q
Initial treatment in myasthenia gravis
A
Pyridostigmine
24
Q
Initial Management of Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome
A
Amifampridine
25
Myasthenia Gravis second line management
oral prednisolone + azathioprine or mycophenolate.
26
Monitoring of patients with myasthenic crisis
forced vital capacity
27
Glomus Jugulare Tumor C/F
Hearing loss + Change in voice + Difficulty Swallowing
28
DOC for Paroxysmal Hemicrania
Indomethacin
29
Anemia + Jaundice + tremor + young person + Increased Transaminases
Wilsons Disease
30
Best Inital Investigation for Dignosis of Wilson’s Disease
Slit Lamp examination
31
Vision Loss + Eye Pain + Decreased visual acuity
Bilateral Optic Neuritis
32
Management of Bilateral Optic Neuritis
IV methylprednisolone + tapering
33
TIA patient who suffer symptoms while on Aspirin management
Change to Clopidogrel 75mg
34
Holmes- Adie Syndrome C/F
One pupil Slightly bigger than other
35
Investigations for CJD
EEG + LP - 14-3-3 protein
36
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy C/F
Young + Morning Myoclonus + Blank Spells
37
18 years or more + Bedwetting at night + Really difficult to wake up at morning
Nocturnal Seizures
38
IOC for Nocturnal Seizures
Video EEG
39
Neurologic Manifestations of Whipples disease
Bells Phenomenon + Oculo-masticatory movements + Diffuse Hyperpigmentation of face
40
Blurring of vision + Choking + Weakness of UL and LL
Botulism
41
EEG finding corresponding with HSV encephalitis
Fronto Temporal Slowing with periodic sharp wave complexes
42
Patient in ICU having infection with muscle weakness and absent tendon reflex
Critical Illness Myopathy
43
Blood Value elevated in Seizure
Hyperprolactinemia
44
L2 Supply
Sensation of Anterior Aspect of Thigh + Hip Flexion + Hip Adduction
45
L3 Supply
Sensation of Medial Aspect of Thigh and Knee + Knee Extension + Hip Abduction
46
L4 Supply
Ankle Inversion + Knee Extension + Knee Reflex
47
L5 Supply
Big Toe Extension
48
S1 Supply
Foot Eversion
49
Pulsatile Tinnitus + X,XI, XII CN Palsy
Paraganglioma
50
Recent Weakness + Migraine + Glucose Tolerance + Increased Lactate
MELAS
51
Catamenial Epilepsy
Seizure most frequently seen during particular points in menstrual period
52
Cognitive Impairment + Paralysis of Upward Gaze Diagnosis
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
53
Characteristic Feature of Cryptococcal Meningitis
Increased Opening Pressure during LP due to Hydrocephalus
54
MRI shows Ependymal Enhancement + LP shows Lymphocytic Pleocytosis
CMV Encephalitis
55
Multi System Atrophy
Mild Tremor + Postural Hypotension + Parkinson Like Facies + Ataxia + Incomplete bladder emptying
56
Hashimotos Encephalopathy C/F
Anti TPO +ve and Young patient with dementia and Rigidity
57
Young + Cataract + Muscle Weakness + B/L Ptosis
Myotonic Dystrophy
58
Horizontal Nystagmus + Disoriented + Gait Ataxia
Wernicke Encephalopathy
59
Fabry's Disease C/F
Young + Red Macules around umbilicus + Pain on Limbs during running
60
Convergent Squint + U/L Facial weakness Site of Lesion
Pontine Lesion
61
Bell's Palsy Management
Inital - Oral Corticosteroids
Severe - Oral Acyclovir
62
Paroxysmal Hemicrania DOC
Indomethacin
63
Management of Acute Attacks in Cluster Headache
High Flow Oxygen
64
Young patient with weakness + hearing loss + retinitis pigmentosa
Refsum Disease
65
Best Investigation for Myasthenia Gravis
Single Fiber Electromyography
66
Initial Management of Myasthenia Gravis
Pyridostigmine and Corticosteroids
67
Management of Severe Myasthenia Gravis
IVIG and PLEX
68
Management of Multiple Sclerosis
Fingolimod
69
Classical Triad of Encephalitis
fever + Headache + Altered mental status.
70
Management of High Grade Gliomas
Surgical Resection + Radiotherapy + Chemotherapy
71
Most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults
Glioblastoma
72
Glioma Genetic Study to determine Prognosis
isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation confers a favourable prognosis
73
History of frontal sinus infection + Meningitis features
Subdural Empyema
74
Initial management of Restless Leg Syndrome
Pramipexole
75
Isolated Motor weakness of a single limb without sensory loss
Multifocal Motor Neuropathy
76
Locked in Syndrome Artery
Basilar Artery
77
Earliest Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Loss of Vibration and Position sense
78
Investigation to assess the prognosis of post CVA patient
MRI Angiogram
79
Oligoclonal Bands present only in CSF
Multiple Sclerosis
80
Oligoclonal Bands present in CSF and blood
Progressive multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
81
U/L hearing Loss + Loss of Corneal Reflex + U/L decreased sensation of Facce
Vestibular Schanomma
82
Femoral Nerve Palsy C/F
Weakness of Quadriceps and Loss of Knee Jerk
83
Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy C/F
Food Drop and Unable to Evert Foot
84
Investigation of Choice for Motor Neuron Disease
Nerve Conduction Studies and EMG
85
Mixed UMN + LMN signs with No sensory deficit
Motor Neuron Disease
86
Myotonic Dystrophy C/F
Frontal Balding + Ptosis + Bilateral Cataracts
87
IOC for Myotonic Dystrophy
Electromyography
88
Myotonic Dystrophy gene affected
DMPK Gene - Trinucleotide repeat Disorder
89
Drugs Increasing Risk of IIH
OCP Pills
Vitamin A excess
Phenytoin
90
Severe Fatigue + Dizziness + Unsteadiness Diagnosis
Multiple Sclerosis
91
Early Parkinsons Associated Sign
REM Sleep behaviour Disorder
92
Lance-Adams Syndrome C/F
Intention Myoclonus
93
Prophylactic DOC for cluster headache
Verapamil
94
Painful Spasm of Lower Limbs + Increased Lumbar Lordosis + Still Lower Limbs
Stiff Person Syndrome
95
Absent Delta Sign on CT scan seen in
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
96
Altered Sensation in Antrolateral Aspect of Thigh
Meralgia Parasthetica
97
Best method to reduce chance of Post LP headache
Use of Atraumatic Needle
98
Mainstay management of Bells Palsy
Oral Steroids + Eye Taping
99
Risk Factor for Transformation of Ischemic Stroke to Hemorrhagic Stroke Transformation
NIHSS Score >15
Low Platelet count
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
100
Nerve Conduction Study Finding in GBS
Slowed Conduction Velocity and Conduction block
101
Encephalopathy Features + Swelling of Lymph nodes at neck and Jaw
Mumps Meningoencephalitis
102
Worst Headache of Life but Started right after Sex
Benign Coital Headache
103
DVLA guidelines for driving after single unprovoked seizure
6 months
104
Fingolimod MOA
Blocks Movement of Lymphocytes out of Lymph nodes
105
Bickerstaff Encephalitis
Previous resolved illness + bilateral ophthalmoplegia + Ataxia + Encephalitis
106
Weight loss + Diarrhoea + Bloating + Memory loss + Hyperpigmentation
Whipples Disease
107
Nerve Root Enhancement in MRI + Increased Protein in CSF
CIDP - Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy
108
Differentiate LEMS from MG
No autonomic Symptoms in MG
109
Spinal Muscular Atrophy seen in Adults
SMA Type 3 and 4 (1 and 2 die after infancy)
110
DOC for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Risdiplam
111
Homocystinuria features to differentiate from Marfans
malar flush and livedo reticularis seen in Homocystinuria
112
Headache + Seizure + Focal Cranial Nerve Sigs + Pappiloedema
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
113
Management of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
LMW Heparin
114
Winging os Scapula Muscle and Nerve
Serratus Anterior - Long Throacic Nerve (C5,C6,C7)
115
Old Age meningitis with CSF stain show Gram +ve
Listeria
116
Management of Listeria
Ampicillin + Gentamycin
117
Cough + Decreased gag reflex + deviation of tongue Diagnosis
Sarcoidosis
118
Medication which causes Multifocal Segmental Cerebral Artery Vasoconstriction on MRI
Pseudoephedrine
119
Management of TIA due to Patent Foramen Ovale
Percutaneous Closure of PFO
120
Rash + Loss of Weight + Absent reflex of Knee and Ankle Diagnosis
Coeliac Disease Neuropathy
121
Atrophy of Quadriceps and Forearm Muscles only seen in
Inclusion Body Myositis
122
African women with UMN Signs + Similar Symptoms in Husband
Tropical Spastic Paraparesis
123
Pulsatile Tinnitus (VIII) + Facial Weakness (VII) + Deviation of Palate (IX)
Glomus Jugulare
124
Decreased cough reflex (X), SCM Weakness (XI) and Tongue Wasting (XII) Seen in
Paraganglioma
125
Chinese or Japanese Person with weakness at second part of night + Associated with Hyperthyroidism
Periodic Paralysis
126
Headache in a patient post cancer treatment and MRI showing meningeal enhancement
Carcinomatous Meningitis
127
Hyperthyroidism + Anti TPO positive + Memory Loss + Myoclonic Jerks
Hashimoto's Encephalopathy
128
Peripheral Neuropathy + Sluggish Light Reflex on One Eye
Holmes-Adie Pupil
