Gastroenterology and Hepatology Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
Coeliac Disease but Anti Endomysial Antibody Negative
A
IgA deficiency
2
Q
Loose Stools + Increased ALP + Male patient
A
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
3
Q
Sun Tanned Apperance + Erectile Dysfunction + Diabetes
A
Hemochromatosis
4
Q
Sero-Negative Arthropathy + Diarrhoea + Murmur + Ataxia
A
Whipples Disease
5
Q
Hepatitis B patient failed PEG interferon alpha
A
Switch to Tenofovir
6
Q
Management of Peritonitis in a patient on Peritoneal Dialysis
A
IV Gentamycin andVancomycin via dialysis catheter
7
Q
Diabetic patient with bloating and early satiety IOC
A
Gastric emptying scintigraphy
8
Q
Alcoholic with Weight Loss + Steatorrhoea + Decreased Fecal Elastase
A
Chronic Pancreatitis
9
Q
IOC for Chronic Pancreatitis
A
CECT Abdomen
10
Q
Wilsons Disease Lab Findings
A
Low Serum Ceruloplasmin + Increased Copper Excretion
11
Q
Low Resting pressure of Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)
A
Scleroderma
12
Q
Women on OCP with Mass in left lobe of Liver
A
Hepatic Adenoma
13
Q
Indication for management of Hepatitis B with Interferon Alpha
A
HbeAg +ve and compensated CLD
14
Q
Indication for management of Hepatitis B with Tenofovir
A
HbeAg -ve and decompensated CLD
15
Q
Farmer + Eosinophilia + Multiple Cysts on USG imaging
A
Hydatid Disease (Echinococcus granulosus)
16
Q
Management of Hydatid Disease with unilocular lesion
A
percutaneous aspiration (PAIR) + Albendazole
17
Q
Management of Hydatid Disease
A
Albendazole + Steroids + Surgical Resection
18
Q
Patient with Atrial Fibrillation presents with severe abdominal pain and increased Lactate
A
Ischemic Colitis
19
Q
Familial Mediterranean Fever C/F
A
Turskish origin + Fever + Serositis + History of Abdomen surgery in past
20
Q
Management of Familial Mediterranean Fever
A
Colchicine
21
Q
Duodenal villous atrophy Causes
A
Tropical Sprue
Coeliac Disease
22
Q
Cholestasis of Pregnancy Features
A
Third Trimester
Pruritus
Increased ALP, GGT and ALT
23
Q
Management of Cholestasis of Pregnancy
A
UDCA
24
Q
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy C/F
A
Highly elevated Bilirubin and Transaminases along with Increased WBC
25
Differentiate Cholestasis of Pregnancy and Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Pruritis not seen in AFLP
26
Management of Short bowel syndrome after resection
Teduglutide - GLP-2 analog
27
Most Important Intervention in Variceal Management
IV TerlipressinA
28
AST:ALT ratio
More than 2.0 in alcoholic liver disease and less than 1.0 in patients with Other causes
29
Screening interval in Ulcerative Colitis patient with PSC
Annual Colonoscopy
30
Screening interval in Ulcerative Colitis
with Intermediate risk with extensive colitis and mild active inflammation
3 Yearly Colonoscopy
31
Screening interval in Ulcerative Colitis with Low Risk
5 yearly colonoscopy
32
Watery Diarrhoea + Increased Plasma Chromogranin A
VIPoma
33
Diagnosis of Carcinoid Tumors
Increased Urinary 5 HIAA
34
Management of Reflux Esophagitis in Pregnancy
Sodium Alginate
35
post radiotherapy patient with loose stools + vit b12 deficiency + increased MCV
Radiation Enteritis
36
Management of Severe of Fulminant colitis
IV Ciclosporine
37
Features suggestive of severe pancreatitis
<2 mmol of Calcium
Elevated LDH
38
Rural community + Anemia + Weight Loss + Increased Transaminases + HSM +
Visceral Leishmaniasis
39
Investigation for Visceral Leishmaniasis
Direct Agglutination Test
40
Kantor String Sign seen in
Crohns Disease
41
Most Specific Antigen Subtype for PBC
M2 subtype of AMA
42
Initial management of Barret with Low Grade Dysplasia
High Dose PPI
43
Barret with Low Grade Dysplasia after 6 month surveillance
Endoscopic Mucosal Ablation
44
Initial Management of Irritable Bowel Disease
Fiber Supplementation
45
Increased Folate and Decreased B12 along with intermittent diarrhoea
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
46
CMV Colitis HPE findings
Intranuclear or Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
47
Management of CMV Colitis
IV Ganciclovir followed by oral maintenance therapy
48
Whipple's Disease Clinical Features
Diarrhea + malabsorption + Large-joint arthralgia + ataxia + hyperpigmentation
49
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis HPE finding
periductal concentric "onion-skin" fibrosis
50
Triad of Budd- Chiari
Abdominal Pain + Ascites + Hepatomegaly
51
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction (SOD) C/F
Biliary pain + elevated liver enzymes + dilated CBD
52
IOC for Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction
Manometry of Sphincter of Oddi
53
Colitis seen associated with use of Sertraline
Lymphocytic Colitis
54
Undigested food vomiting in morning + Halitosis
Zenkers Diverticulum
55
Carcinoid Syndrome Heart Finding
Associated with Right Sided Heart Murmurs
56
Eosinophilic Esophagus Findings
Dysphagia + Esophageal Rings on Endoscopy
57
Initial Management of Eosinophilic Esophagus
Orodispersible Budesonide
58
Feces in Urine + Air bubbles in urine + Altered bowel habits
Crohns Disease resulting in colovesical fistula
59
Type 1 Autoimmune Hepatitis Antibody
ANA +ve and Anti Smooth Muscle Antibody +ve
60
Type 2 Autoimmune Hepatitis Antibody
Seen in Children and Anti LKM Antibody +ve
61
Type 3 Autoimmune Hepatitis Antibody
Seen in Adults and Anti soluble liver antigen Antibody +ve
62
Blood Test to confirm Hemochromatosis
Increased Transferrin Saturation Index
63
Next investigation after blood for Iron deficiency anemia picture
Urineanalysis (Renal Tract Cancer)
64
Initial Investigation for Zollinger Ellison Syndrome
Fasting Gastrin Repeat on 3 different days
65
Transplant indication in HCC
Single small lesion (<5cm) and 3 small lesion (<3 cm)
66
Hallmark on HPE for Gastric Carcinoma
Submucosal Invasion
67
Stomach HPE shows - large lymphocytes with irregular nuclear contours and abundant cytoplasm
Gastric MALT-oma
68
Coeliac Disease not on diet control with unintentional weight loss diagnosis
Small Intestine Lymphoma
69
Initial management of obesity with intention to weight loss
Group Based Dietary Intervention
70
Initial management of MALT lymphoma
Test and Treat H.pylori
71
Boerhaave syndrome C/F
Oesophageal Rupture after Violent vomiting
72
IOC for Boerhaave syndrome
Gastrograffin Swallow
73
Features of Acromegaly but normal pituitary
Carcinoid Syndrome - Do CT Abdomen and Chest
74
Peutz-jeghers syndrome C/F
Peri-Oral Pigmentation + Bowel Obstruction
75
Crohns disease patient with ileocecal resection complaints of watery diarrhoea
Bile Acid Malabsorption
76
IOC for Bile Acid Malabsorption
SeHCAT Scan
77
Management of Bile Acid Malabsorption
Cholestyramine
78
Blood in Stools + Abnormal vascular blush in Angiography
Angiodysplasia
79
Criteria for Urgent referral to Colorectal Services under 2-week wait
>40 years with weight loss and abdominal pain
> 50 years with unexplained rectal bleeding
> 60 years with iron deficiency anaemia or change in bowel habit
+ve faecal occult blood
80
Indication for Fecal Occult Blood Testing
- An abdominal mass
- Change in bowel habit
- lron-deficiency anaemia
- >50 years with rectal bleeding + abdominal pain or weight loss
- > 60 years with any anaemia
81
History of Surgery in Childhood risk of hepatitis
Hepatitis C > Hepatitis B (Screening introduced later)
82
DOC for Crohns Disease Patient who are steroid resistant with fistula
Infliximab (Anti-TNF-Alpha)
83
DOC for Crohns Disease Patient who are steroid resistant without fistula
Methotrexate
84
IOC to confirm pancreatic insufficiency
Fecal Elastase measurement
85
Antibody for Ulcerative colitis
pANCA
86
Antibody for Crohn's Disease
Anti ASCA
87
Mediterranean Belt patient with multiple surgeries in the past
Familial Mediterranean Fever
88
First line treatment of Hemochromatosis
Venesection
89
Pruritus + Xanthelasma + Raised ALP and IgM
Primary biliary cirrhosis
90
H.pylori eradication for penicillin allergics
Clarithromycin + Metronidazole + PPI
91
Management of patient with variceal bleeding post banding
TIPS - Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
92
Management of Microscopic Colitis
Budesonide
93
In Achalasia Cardia OGD Scopy
Can be Normal!!!!
94
Coeliac Disease associated Lymphoma
Enteropathy associated T-cell Lymphoma
95
Autoimmune condition associated with Hepatitis B
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)
96
Electrolyte Imbalance seen after blood transfusion
Hypocalcemia (Due to use of Citrate buffer)
97
Prolonged APTT but Normal PT
Budd Chiari Syndrome due to APLAR
98
Reason for False Elevation of CA-125
Cirrhosis
99
Hereditary Spherocytosis + RUQ pain and fever
Gall Stones (Increased Risk)
100
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Associated Gene
STK 11
101
Conditions with elevated fecal porphyrins
Coproporphyria and Variegate Porphyria
102
Increased Urine Porphobilinogen (PBG)
Acute Intermittent Porphyria, Coproporphyria and Variegate Porphyria
103
Acute intermittent porphyria results from a deficiency of which enzyme
Porphobilinogen deaminase.
104
GI symptom associated with CREST syndrome and IOC
Oesophageal Dysmotility
IOC - Manometry
105
Anti Epileptic Associated with Acute Pancreatitis
Sodium Valproate
106
Medical Management of Achalasia Cardia
Nifidepine
107
Management of Liver Abscess by E. histolytica
Metronidazole 10 day course
108
EEG In Hepatic Encephalopathy
Diffuse Symmetrical Triphasic Sharp waves
109
Skin Biopsy in Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Neutrophilic Infiltration
110
High number of Loose Stools + Hypokalemia + Dehydration
VIP-oma
111
Serum Immunology Finding in Alcoholic Hepatitis
Markedly Increased IgA
112
Cancer Associated with Ulcerative Colitis
Cholangiocarcinoma
113
Post Acute Pancreatitis after 6 weeks with similar complaints and Mass P/A
Pancreatic Pseudocyst
114
Homeless + Malnourished + Coiling of Hair in arms and legs
Scurvy
115
Management of Crohns Disease in Pregnancy
1st Line - Corticosteroids
2nd Line - Infliximab
116
Management of Ulcerative Colitis in Pregnancy
Oral Mesalazine and Oral Prednisolone
117
Zieve Syndrome
Triad of hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and hyperlipidemia Seen in Alcoholics!!!
118
Most effective agent in maintaining remission in Crohns Disease
6 Mercaptopurine
119
Eye Findings in Familial Adenomatosis Polyposis
Hypertrophy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium
120
Most Common GI cause for <50 YO women with Iron Deficiency Anemia
Coeliac Disease
121
Visible Fluid Level Behind Heart and Dialated Esophagus on Chest X-ray Diagnosis
Achalasia Cardia
122
Medication associated with Lymphocytic Colitis
PPI - Lansnoprazole
123
Medication responsible for Mild to Moderate Increase in transaminases
Statins - Simvastatin
124
Definitive treatment of UC with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Liver Transplantation
125
Investigation with Highest Specificity in Meckels Diverticulum
Technecium 99 Scintigraphy
126
Management of NAC infusion hypersensitivity like reaction
Restart at Half the Rate
127
Risks associated with celiac disease?
- Enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma
- Small intestinal adenocarcinoma
128
Lab findings in Wilson's disease?
↓ Ceruloplasmin bound copper
↑ Free Cu2+
129
Types of ascites based on SAAG
Low SAAG (< 1.1): Nephrotic syndrome.
High SAAG (> 1.1): Portal HTN, Budd-Chiari syndrome.
