Neurology Flashcards
1
Q
What are some signs of dangerous headaches
A
Thunderclap headache, worst headache of my life, first onset of headache age 50
2
Q
A headache with papilledema is indicative of
A
Increased intracranial pressure
3
Q
Acute onset of high fever, severe headache, and stiff neck is indicative of
A
Acute bacterial meningitis
4
Q
Is acute bacterial meningitis a reportable disease
A
Yes if not treated it is fatal
5
Q
If you find an absent red reflex on a funduscopic exam this indicates
A
Cataracts
6
Q
If you find an abnormal Cop disk ratio of greater than 0.5, this indicates
A
Glaucoma
7
Q
If you find absent venous pulsations on a fundoscopic exam, this indicates
A
Papilledema
8
Q
If you find blood in the center of the optic disc in a funduscopic exam this indicates
A
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
9
Q
Which imaging study looks at cavities
A
CT
10
Q
Which imaging exam looks at soft tissue
A
MRI
11
Q
Which imaging study looks at the heart of things such as bone
A
CT
12
Q
Which imaging study looks at the brain, spinal cord, ligament, tendon injuries, soft tissue and tumors
A
MRI
13
Q
Which imaging study emits radiation
A
CT
14
Q
which imaging study does not emit radiation
A
MRI
15
Q
Absolutely no contrast in an imaging study when there is a suspected
A
Bleed
16
Q
When should you use contrast in a CT scan
A
When you were looking at phone plus surrounding soft tissue including blood vessels
17
Q
When should you use contrast in an MRI
A
When you want to discriminate between types of soft tissue
18
Q
What is the imaging study of choice when Neuro imaging is needed
A
CT with or without contrast
19
Q
When is an MRI indicated for neuro imaging
A
With posterior fossa lesions or if CSF leak is suspected
20
Q
Acute onset of headache that is located on one temple on an older adult. The affected temple has an indurated, reddened, and cord like temporal artery that is tender to touch and accompanied by scalp tenderness. What is this disease
A
Temporal arteritis
21
Q
Can temporal arteritis cause blindness and visual disturbances
A
Yes
22
Q
Jaw pain or jaw claudication is associated with
A
Temporal arteritis
23
Q
What neurological condition would give you markedly elevated sedimentation rate and C reactive protein
A
Temporal arteritis
24
Q
Patients with polymyalgia rheumatica all right a high risk of developing which neurological condition
A
Temporal arteritis
25
Acute onset of headaches behind an eye or around one eye accompanied by eye pain, blurred vision, and nausea or vomiting. The cornea looks hazy and the affected pupil is dilated midway. This condition is most common in older adults.
Acute narrow angle closure glaucoma
26
A patient with risk factors for embolization such as A Fib, or prolonged immobilization presents with acute onset of stuttering/speech disturbance, one sided facial weakness and weakness of the arms and or legs i.e. hemiparesis.
Embolic stroke
27
Patient presents with poorly controlled hypertension and an abrupt onset of a severe headache, nausea/vomiting, and nuchal rigidity
Hemorrhagic stroke
28
Nuchal rigidity indicates
Sub arachnoid bleed
29
A patient with a history of head trauma presents with a history of headaches and gradual cognitive impairment. This condition is most common in the elderly and those who are on anticoagulation or aspirin therapy. The area of bleeding is between the Dora and subarachnoid membranes of the brain
Chronic subdural hematoma
30
Sudden onset of severe headache described as the worst headache of my life, accompanied by photophobia, nausea/vomiting, meningeal irritation, and positive Brudzinski and Kernig signs with a rapid decline in level of consciousness
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
31
How do you assess mental status
Mini mental exam, cranial nerve exam
32
What does the mini mental exam consist of
Orientation, registration, attention and calculation, spell world backwards or serial sevens, language, look for aphasia or difficulty speaking
33
In what neurological test do you tell the patient to stand with their arms and hands straight on each side and with their feet together with their eyes closed.
Romberg test
34
Ability to recognize familiar objects through sense of touch only
Stereo gnosis
35
Ability to identify figures written on the skin with eyes closed
Graphesthesia
36
What two tests are used to assess for meningitis
Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's sign
37
In which test do you flex the patients hips one at a time then attempt to straighten the leg while keeping the hip flexed at 90°
Kernig's sign
38
What test do you possibly flex and bend The patient's neck toward the chest
Brudzinskis sign
39
if you tell the patient to touch their chest with their chin and they are unable to touch that test this is a positive finding of
Nuchal rigidity
40
What cranial nerve is for shoulders shrugging together
11
| Spinal accessory
41
What viral infection can result in corneal blindness
Herpes zoster infection ID shingles
42
What cranial nerves does the herpes zoster infection i.e. shingles
Cranial nerve number five i.e. trigeminal
43
If there is a rash at the tip of the nose and the temple area what infection must be ruled out
Shingles infection of the trigeminal nerve
44
What diagnostic testing is needed for acute bacterial meningitis
Lumbar puncture, CT or MRI, CVC and Gram stain of CSF fluid and the blood before antibiotics
45
How is acute bacterial meningitis treated
Third generation cephalosporin plus chloramphenicol
46
What is the prophylaxis of close contacts for a patient with acute bacterial meningitis
Rifampin or ceftriaxone
47
What are Blindspot on the visual field
Scotland
48
When a child presents with abdominal pain what type of headache should be considered
Migraine headaches
49
An adult female complains of a gradual onset of a bad throbbing headache behind what I that gradually worsened over several hours. Reports sensitivity to bright light and noise and nausea and vomiting
Migraine
50
What is hyperosmia
Smell
51
What type of medications are used to abort a migraine headache
Triptans
52
If a migraine medication is not a triptan (abortive), then it is
Prophylactic
53
Can a patient with migraine with aura be prescribed oral contraceptives
No
54
At what age should the patient with migraines stop oral contraceptives
35
55
Can triptans lead to rebound headaches is overused
Yes
56
Prophylactic treatment for migraines should be used how often per month
Greater than or equal to two per month
57
A headache that is unilateral, bifrontal, or global, and has a crescendo pattern, patient desiring a cool, quiet, dark room. Duration for 4 to 72 hours with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and possible aura
Migraine headache
58
This headache is bilateral, described as a pressure headache with tightness and bandlike and waxes and wanes. Patient May continue days activities or not. But the duration varies
Tension headache
59
This headache is always unilateral and begins around the temple or eye. The pain is described as excruciating and explosive but peaks within minutes. The duration is 30 to 90 minutes usually and the eye becomes red, teary, rhinorrhea and alcohol can be a trigger
Cluster headache
60
Nasal stuffiness is associated with
Sinusitis
61
Draw claudication with chewing, fever, visual loss, pain in temple area is associated with
Temporal arteritis
62
Visual field defect is associated with
Optic pathway lesion or pituitary tumor
63
Blurred vision on bending of the head is associated with
Intracranial lesion
64
Headache with nausea and vomiting is associated with
Tumor
65
Unilateral vision loss is associated with
Optic neuritis
66
Sweating and tachycardia is associated with
Pheochromocytoma
67
Transient visual changes and intracranial noise is associated with
Pseudotumor cerebrii
68
Wasn't migraine headache do you treat prophylactically or abortive first
NSAIDs
69
Neurological exam will be normal with what type of headache
Migraine
70
If a patient has a history of cardiovascular disease, or uncontrolled hypertension this patient would not be able to take what type of migraine medication
Five HT one agonists such as sumatriptan
71
Flashing, tingling, chest/neck/sinus/jaw discomfort are all side effects of what type of migraine medication
Sumatriptan
72
What type of migraine medication puts a patient at higher risk of serotonin syndrome if combined with an SSRI or SNRI
Sumatriptan
73
Which neurological condition is associated with intense and very brief sharp stabbing pain in one cheek
Trigeminal neuralgia cranial nerve five
74
If a patient is on Ergotamine/caffeine, what other migraine headache should be avoided
Sumatriptan and decongestants
75
How does ergotamine/caffeine work
Potent vasoconstrictor
| Common side effect is nausea
76
If a patient has hyperlipidemia, hypertension uncontrolled, or complex migraines, is a male over 40 years of age, or a menopausal female, what types of medications should be avoided
Vasoconstricting drugs such as sumatriptan or ergotamine/caffeine
77
Focal neurologic findingsin the cranial nerve exam with strokelike signs and symptoms resembling a TIA is consistent with what type of migraine
Basilar or hemiplegic migraine's
78
And what type of migraine is a patient at a higher risk of stroke. You should also avoid giving estrogens or any agents probably clot formation these patients
Hemiplegic or basilar migraines
79
Acute onset of a unilateral headache that is located on the temple and is associated with temporal artery inflammation
Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis
80
What condition is a systemic inflammatory disorder i.e. vasculitis of the medium and large arteries of the body was the median diagnosis age of 72 years old
Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis
81
Can temporal arteritis lead to blindness
Yes
82
The patient comes in and complains of a headache on their temple along with marked scalp tenderness on the same side, presence of an indurated cordlike temporal artery that is warm and tender, and jaw claudication, which condition is this indicative of
Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis
83
If a patient complains of amaurosis fugax or blindness and an increased sedimentation rate, what disorder should be in the differential
Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis
84
What labs should you check for temporal arteritis
ESR and CRP
85
How do you treat temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis
Refer to ophthalmologist or refer to ED stat
86
What is the gold standard test for temporal arteritis
Temporal artery biopsy
87
What is the treatment choice for temporal arteritis
High dose steroids are first line treatment prednisone 40 to 60 mg PO daily for several weeks
88
What is the screening test for temporal arteritis
Sedimentation rate
89
Patients with what disease are at a very high risk for developing temporal arteritis
Polymyalgia rheumatica
90
Bilateral morning stiffness and aching located in the shoulders, neck, hips, and torso, found mostly in females over the age of 50. What are these side effects of
Polymyalgia rheumatica
91
How do you treat polymyalgia rheumatica
Oral steroids
92
An older patient complains of the sudden onset of severe and sharp shooting pain on one side of her face or around the nose that are triggered by chewing, eating cold foods, and cold air. The pain can be severe and last a few seconds. What condition is this
Trigeminal neuralgia
93
How is trigeminal neuralgia treated
High doses of anti-convulsant such as carbamazepine or phenytoin.
94
Abrupt onset of unilateral facial paralysis due to dysfunction of the motor branch of the facial nerve
Bell's palsy
95
In what condition can tear production on the affected side of the face stop
Bells palsy
96
Which condition can spontaneously resolved, and the etiology ranges from viral infection, and autoimmune process, or pressure from a tumor or a blood vessel
Bells palsey
97
An older adult reports waking up that morning with one side of their face paralyzed. Complains of difficulty chewing and swallowing food on the same side. Unable to fully clothes eyelids
Bell's palsy
98
In what condition do you rule out stroke, TIA, mastoid infection, bone fracture, Lyme disease, and tumor
Bell's palsy
99
How do you treat bells palsy
Corticosteroids at high doses times 10 days, acyclovir if herpes Symplex is suspected. Protect cornea from drying and ulceration with applications of an eye lubricant b.i.d. patch I if patient is unable to fully close the eyelid
100
Corneal ulcer ration and permanent and neurological symptoms such as facial weakness can occur from prolonged cases of
Bell's palsy
101
And idiopathic and severe one sided headache that is marked by Richard episodes of brief ice pick lacerating pain located behind one eye that is accompanied by tearing and clear rhinitis
Cluster headache
102
Ptosis or drooping eyelids are associated with which type of headache
Cluster headache
103
What type of headache is more common in adult males in their thirties to 40s
Cluster headache
104
What is the treatment plan for cluster headaches
High dose oxygen, do not use on COPD patients.
Triptans injections or intranasal
Prophylaxis: verapamil PO daily
105
What type of headache is linked to a higher risk of suicide in males compared with other types of chronic headaches
Cluster headache
106
Bilateral headache
Tension headache
107
And adult patient complains of a headache that is band like and feels like someone is squeezing their head. The pain is described as dull and constant. Often accompanied by tensing of the neck muscles. Headache can last for several days, and can be associated with recent increased life stressors.
Tension headache
108
How do you treat a tension headache
NSAIDs, analgesics such as acetaminophen and stress reduction techniques such as yoga. Gradually reduce and stop caffeine intake
109
Patient complains of daily headaches that may be accompanied by irritability, depression, and insomnia. Caused by overuse of abortive of medicine such as analgesics, NSAIDs, ASA, or narcotics.
Rebound headache
110
How do you treat a rebound headache
Discontinue the medicine immediately if not contraindicated or gradually taper the dose and or reduce frequency
111
Which is most common in patients is ischemic or hemorrhagic
Ischemic
112
Hypertension, atrial fib, stimulants (cocaine), aneurysms are risk factors for
Stroke
113
Resembles a stroke and usually resolves within 24 hours. Symptoms usually resolve for most, but some patients may have minor neurological deficit's
TIA
114
If a patient presents with abrupt onset of difficulty speaking, unilateral hemiparesis, and weakness of the arms and legs this patient is most likely having
Embolic TIA
115
If a patient presents with severe headache, nausea and vomiting, photophobia, and nuchal rigidity that is accompanied by hemiparesis and difficulty speaking this patient is having
Hemorrhagic TIA
116
What is the treatment plan for TIA
Call 911 and give oxygen ASAP
117
What is the long-term management for strokes
Remove or treat the cause of the emboli i.e. A fib, and control hypertension
118
What is the long-term management for embolic strokes
Anticoagulation with Coumadin. Keep INR between 2.0 and 3.0
119
What must be avoided in hemorrhagic stroke's
Heparin, Coumadin, aspirin
120
G.I. pain, bleeding, ulceration, renal damage, increased blood pressure and hypertension are all side effects of
NSAIDs
121
When prescribing a patient carbamazepine or phenytoin, what must be assessed
Serum levels
122
Nausea, acute MI are side effects of
Triptans
123
Hepatic damage is a side effect of
Acetaminophen
124
Sedation, drive now, confusion in elderly are side effects of
Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline
125
Second or 3rd° AV block, asthma, COPD, bradycardia are contraindications for which medication
Beta blockers
126
What condition is caused by median nerve compression due to swelling
Carpal tunnel syndrome
127
What two tests are for carpal tunnel syndrome
Tinel's sign and Phalen's sign
128
Which test do you tap the anterior wrist briskly
Tinel's sign
129
What test requires the patient to fully flex the wrist for 60 seconds
Phalen's sign
130
Band like head pain that may last for days
Tension headache
131
Tic douloureux is another name for
Trigeminal neuralgia
132
Predominant symptom of vestibular dysfunction that involves spinning, swaying, tilting, nausea and vomiting, postural instability. This condition can be a single episode or recurrent
Vertigo
133
What type of vertigo involves the vestibular system
Peripheral vertigo
134
What type of vertigo involves the brainstem or cerebellum
Central vertigo
135
What type of vertigo is associated with prolonged nystagmus
Central vertigo
136
What type of vertigo is associated with severe nausea and vomiting
Peripheral vertigo
137
What type of vertigo is associated with impaired gait and mobility
Central vertigo
138
Which vertigo is for current and last less than one minute
Peripheral vertigo
139
Which vertigo is a single episode vertigo lasting minutes to hours
Central vertigo
140
How do you treat central vertigo
Refer to neurology
141
Benign positional vertigo out, Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuritis are common types of
Peripheral vertigo
142
What type of vertigo is associated with being brief and recurrent, and is attributed to calcium debris in semicircular canals, and a change in position precipitates symptoms
Benign peroxysmal positional vertigo
143
Dix-Hallpike maneuver is associated with
BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo)
144
Mild hearing loss is associated with what type of vertigo
Meniere's disease
145
Nausea and vomiting is associated with what type of vertigo
BPV
146
How do you treat vertigo
Antihistamines such as meclizine or dimenhydrinate. Benzos such as alprazolam or lorazepam and time
147
If carpal tunnel syndrome and mononeuropathy or poly neuropathy
Mononeuropathy
148
What type of neuropathy involves a single nurse
Mononeuropathy
149
The most common risk factors for the development of polyneuropathy are
Diabetics and alcohol abusers
150
Symmetrical, burning, weakness, sensory loss, variable, rapid, lower, and distal are all common features of
Neuropathy
151
What is the most common rest tremor
Parkinson's disease
152
Chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder with the mean the diagnosis age of 70.5 years old
Parkinson's disease
153
Tremor at rest i.e. pill rolling, bradykinesia, and rigidity are all cardinal features of
Parkinson's disease
154
What is the treatment for Parkinson's disease
Levodopa is the most effective and usually given first for bradykinesia symptoms, tremor, and rigidity
155
What Parkinson's medication causes nausea, dizziness, somnolence loves initially and confusion, hallucinations, orthostatic hypotension in older patients
Levodopa
156
What tremor is most common with aging with bilateral action tremor of arms, forearms, head, voice, chin, lip tremor
Essential tremor
157
How do you treat essential tremor
Propanolol or primidone is most effective
158
What is the most common immune mediated, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system
Multiple sclerosis
159
How do you diagnose multiple sclerosis
History and physical
160
What diagnostic tool confirms multiple sclerosis
MRI
161
Abnormal limb sensation, visual loss, motor symptoms, diplopia, gait disturbance, and a cute motor symptoms are all symptoms of
Multiple sclerosis
162
Insidious decline in cognition that requires cognitive decline in one or more I don't means such as complex attention, executive function, learning memory, perceptual motor, social cognition.
Dementia
163
Are there any labs or imaging study for dementia
No
164
What is the difference between dementia and delirium
Delirium happens quickly
165
What's testing is used for dementia
MMSE.
166
What is the MMSE score that is strongly suggestive of dementia
Less than 24
167
Well the patient presents with dementia what other signs should you look for
Neurodeficits or tremors, signs consistent with strength, gait difficulty and cogwheel rigidity
168
What differential diagnosis for dementia look-alike's are there
Medications such as analgesics, anticholinergics, psychotropics, sedative hypnotics, depression, prior stroke, tumor, Parkinson's disease
169
What diagnostic studies should be given to all dementia patients however it is a low yield test
CBC, CMP i.e. LFTs, B12, folate, TSH, RPR, HIV, CT and or MRI
170
What psychological issue should be screened for with dementia
depression
171
This cranial nerve is responsible for movement of the superior oblique muscle
Cranial nerve number four
| Trochlear
172
Description under office responsible for movement of the lateral rectus muscle
Cranial nerve number six
| Abducens
173
In which cranial nerve would you observe for fasciculations when patient sticks tongue out
Cranial nerve number 12
| Hypoglossal
174
A patient who is 60 years old complains of lower back pain for the last 5 to 6 weeks. She states that the severity is about four out of 10 and that she gets no relief from sitting, standing, or lying. What must be considered
Systemic illness
175
A 70-year-old male who is diabetic presents with gait difficulty, cognitive disturbance, and urinary incontinence. What should be part of the differential diagnosis
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
176
If a person has a TIA, how should they be treated
Send them to the emergency department
177
If a patient presents with restless leg syndrome what labs should be ordered
Serum ferritin
178
An infant with fetal alcohol syndrome would
Be irritable, hyperactive, and exhibit a high pitched cry
179
Findings consistent with marijuana intoxication would include
Euphoria, talkativeness, and paranoia
180
In what type of seizure does a patient experience a sudden loss of consciousness with falling but no movements
Myoclonic atonic seizure
181
What test or sign occurrence with flexion of the neck
Brudzinski sign
182
The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates muscle movement and response to the sensations of paint and touch is the
Somatic nervous system
183
When upper motor neuron systems are damaged above the crossover of its tracts in the medulla, motor impairment develops on the opposite side. This is called
Contralateral
184
If a patient presents with signs of being gleeful, somewhat drowsy, and an inability to focus with a blood pressure of 90/65, pupils constricted, and search speech what would this be consistent with
Opioid intoxication
185
Assessment findings in an infant with increased intracranial pressure would include
Drowsiness
186
The thalamus and the basal ganglion are located in the
Gray matter
187
Which nervous system function coordinates muscle strength
Motor system
188
Anesthesia refers to
Absence of touch sensation
189
A form of aphasia on which the speech is confluent, slow, with few words and laborious effort and inflection and articulation are impaired but words are meaningful, is termed
Broca's aphasia
190
Presence of crossed or touching knees is consistent with what condition in a young child
Cerebral palsy
191
The part of the brain tissue that consists of neuronal axons that are coated with myelin is the
White matter
192
Which nervous system function coordinates head movements
Vestibular system
193
Hypalgesia refers to
Decreased sensitivity to pain
194
A patient who is being evaluated for frequent headaches mentions that the headache worsens with coughing, sneezing, or when changing positions. Increasing pain with these maneuvers maybe suggestive of
Brain tumor
195
If a patient complains of weakness in their arm while combing their hair, this finding could be suggestive of which type of weakness pattern
Proximal
196
What part of the brain relays sensory information between brain regions and controls many autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system
Diencephalon
197
Subdural hematoma should be expected when the x-ray reveals
Bleeding between dura and the cerebrum
198
Which sense is most often affected in patients on long term antibiotic therapy
Hearing
199
An abnormal reflux in the triceps is consistent with which segmented level of the spine
Cervical six and seven
200
Dysphonia refers to
In impairment in volume of the voice
201
In abnormal or unpleasant sense of touch is termed
Dysesthesia
202
If a patient arouses from sleep after exposure to painful stimuli, exhibits slow verbal responses, and easily lapses Into an unresponsive state this is consistent with
Stuporous state
203
If a patient has a positive Romberg test this is suggestive of
Ataxia related to a dorsal column disease
204
The patient complains of weakness in their hand when opening a jar this would be suggestive of which type of weakness pattern
Distal
205
During this type of seizure of the patient experiences partial seizures that resemble tonic clonic seizures and the patient may recall the aura and a unilateral neurological defects that's present during the postictal period
Focal seizure that becomes generalized
206
A type of seizure activity that includes tonic and then clonic movements and usually start in the hand, foot or face then spread to other parts of the body is known as
Jacksonian seizure
207
An abnormal reflex in the right knee correlates with which segmented level of the spine
Lumbar 2,3 & 4
208
A distortion of any sense, especially that of touch
Dysesthesia
209
Sensation of tingling, tickling, prickling, or burning of a person skin
Paresthesia
210
President blinking after glabeller tap and difficulty walking heel to toe is common in
Parkinson's disease
211
When you flex a patient's head and neck forward, what is this
Nuchal rigidity sign
212
Premature closing of the cranial sutures in an infant is called
Craniosynostosis
213
At what age does the cranial sutures close in an infant
12 to 18 months
214
It's a patient fails the pronator drift test, what with this indicate
Corticospinal tract lesion
215
When evaluating the sensory system, testing the spinothalmic tracts would include assessing sensations of
Pain and temperature
216
The term used to describe the absence or loss of control of voluntary muscle movement is
Akinesia
217
involuntary muscle spasms and twisting of the limbs is called
Dystonia
218
The most common cause of viral encephalitis in children is
Herpes simplex virus type one
219
The straight leg raise test is for
Sciatica
220
Weakness in the shoulder or hip girdle is called
Proximal weakness
221
Weakness in the hands or feet is called
Distal weakness
222
Weakness that occurs in a portion of the face or extremity is called
Asymmetric weakness
223
A form of aphasia where articulation is good but sentences lack meaning is
Wernicke's aphasia
224
In what type of aphasia is speech confluence, slow, with a few words and laborious effort
Broca's aphasia
225
What what type of aphasia does a person have word finding difficulties and because of these difficulties, the person struggles to find the right words for speaking and writing
Anomic aphasia
226
In what type of aphasia does a person have difficulty speaking and understanding words and is unable to read or write
Global aphasia
227
Touching the cornea and assessing for reflex corresponds to which cranial nerve
Cranial nerve number five trigeminal
228
What are classic signs of a basilar skull fracture
CSF leak from nose and ears and hemotympanum
229
Aphonia refers to
The loss of voice
230
Symmetric weakness of the proximal muscles of the legs suggest
Myopathy
231
An older patient presents with signs of undernourishment, slowed motor performance, and loss of muscle mass or weakness. What does this suggest
Frailty
232
If a patient is lying supine in an abnormal position with the upper arms flexed take to the sides with elbows, wrists, and fingers flex. His legs are extended and internally rotated and his feet are plantar flexed. This position is consistent with
Decorticate rigidity
233
If a patient is laying with their jaws clenched and the neck is extended with the arms adducted and stiffly extended from the elbows, with forearms pronated, wrists and fingers flexed, legs extended at knees and the feet plantar flexed. This position is consistent with
Decerebrate rigidity
234
When assessing an elderly patient for delirium, the recommended instrument with the best supportive data is the
Confusion assessment method
235
An ambulatory child patient with spastic cerebral palsy needs a diet that is
High in calories
236
The impaired ability to adjust to one's body position Is
Bradykinesia
237
A sudden brief lapse of consciousness with momentary blinking, staring, or movements of the lips and hands but no falling is consistent with
An absent seizure
238
Bilateral weakness in cranial nerve V is suggestive of
Bilateral hemispheric disease
239
Absence of movement of the big toe is correlated to which segmented level of the spine
Lumbar five and sacral one
240
When a patient clenches his teeth and moves his jaw from side to side this assesses which cranial nerve
Cranial nerve number five trigeminal
241
Symptoms of a sub dural hematoma include
Noticeable bleeding between the dura and the cerebrum on x-ray
242
An example of tandem walking is having the patient
Walk heel to toe
243
Aphasia refers to
The inability to produce or understand language
244
If a patient is in an obtunded state, they would be like
Everything would be extremely slow
245
One observing for thenar atrophy of the hands, a typical observation is
Furrowing in the spaces between the metacarpals
246
Unilateral weakness in cranial nerve five would be suggestive of
Pontine lesion
247
Analgesia refers to
Absence of pain sensation
248
When a patient complains of severe headaches that have worsened over the last few weeks but has no other symptoms are most likely diagnosis would be
Tumor
249
What assessment what test for pain, temperature, and sensation using the distal and proximal areas testing pattern
Test the sensation in the thumbs and little fingers
250
When testing for corneal reflex and absent blank reflects would be suggestive of a lesion in which cranial nerve
Cranial nerve five or seven trigeminal or facial nerve
251
The part of the brain tissue that rims the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres, forming the cerebral cortex is known as the
Gray matter
252
The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary actions is known as the
Autonomic nervous system
253
Pink macules and papules on the chest along with petechiae and echinosis may be indicative of
Meningococcemia
254
Symptoms indicative of shaken baby syndrome are related to
Uncontrollable cerebral Edema and hypoxia
255
And abnormal reflex in the right biceps is correlated to which segmented level of the spine
Cervical five and six
256
The ability of the patient to identify the area of the body that was touched when their eyes were closed is called
Point localization
257
Hypesthesia refers to
Decreased sensitivity to touch
258
Walking on the toes and heels may reveal
Distal muscular weakness in the legs
259
A transient ischemic attack is
A transient episode of neurologic dysfunction bifocal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without a cute infarction
260
Neurologic deficit’s, vertigo, confusion, weakness, hemiparesis, temporary monocular blindness, ataxia, and diplopia are all symptoms of
TIA
261
A fain tail Nevus is associated with
Spina bifida
262
A patient is diagnosed with Bell’s palsy. He is placed on high-dose steroids. After four days of prednisone, the patient states that his Eye 👁 still will not close completely. How should the nurse practitioner manage the problem
This is not unusual. He should continue the plan.
263
It is clear that and in Alzheimer’s disease, environmental forces as well as genetic factors exert considerable influence. One potential treatable risk factor currently receiving much attention is
Estrogen deficiency
264
The most reliable indicator of neurological deficit when assessing a patient with acute low back pain is
Decreased reflexes, strength, and sensation in the lower extremities
265
Which of the following is true about cognitive abilities in the elderly
Some decline occurs in the sixth decade, but persons in later decades show little change
266
Is there any medication to prevent dementia
No
267
Holocranial headaches that present in the morning and accompanied by projectile vomiting without nausea is consistent with
Brain tumor
