Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Wolfpacc Clues COPY > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is the Central Nervous System?

A
  • Brain and spinal cord
  • Myelination by the oligodendrocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Peripheral Nervous System?

A
  • Everything except the brain and spinal cord
  • Myelination by the schwann cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

Automatic stuff… i.e. breathing, heartbeat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the Somatic Nervous System?

A

Moving your muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Parasympathetic System?

A

Rest and digest, slows stuff down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does the Parasympathetic System behave?

A
  • “DUMBBELS”
    • Diarrhea
    • Urination
    • Miosis “Constrict”
    • Bradycardia
    • Bronchoconstriction
    • Erection “Point”
    • Lacrimation
    • Salivation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Sympathetic System?

A

Fight -or- Flight, speeds stuff up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does the Sympathetic System behave?

A
  • Opposite of Parasympathetic:
    • Constipation
    • Urinary retention
    • Mydriasis - “Eyes wide with fright”
    • Tachycardia
    • Bronchodilate
    • Ejaculation “Shoot”
    • Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
    • Xerostomia (Dry mouth)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Cushing’s Triad?

A

HTN, Bradycardia, irregular breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Budd-Chiari

A

Hepatic vein obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Arnold-Chiari?

A

Foramen Magnum obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Anencephaly?

A

Notochord did not make contact with the brain - only have the medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an Encephalocele?

A

Brain tissue herniation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a Dandy Walker malformation?

A

No cerebellum, distended 4th and lateral ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an Arnold-Chiari Malformation?

A
  • Herniation of cerebellum through Foramen Magnum
  • Type 1: Cerebellar tonsils (asymptomatic)
  • Type 2: Cerebellar vermis / medulla
    • Hydrocephalu
    • Syringomyelia (loss of pain and temerature)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Spina bifida occulta?

A

Covered by skin with a tuft of hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Spina bifida aperta?

A

Has opening (High AFP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a Meningocele?

A

Sacral pocket with meninges in it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a Meningomyelocele?

A

Sacral pocket with meninges and nerves in it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is open-angle glaucoma?

A
  • Overproduction of fluid
  • painless
  • Ipsilateral dilated pupil
  • gradual tunnel vision
  • optic disc cupping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Closed-angle glaucoma?

A
  • Obstruction of canal of Schlemm
  • there is a sudden onset pain
  • emergency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the Water shed areas?

A

Hippocampus, splenic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What bug loves the frontal lobe?

24
Q

What bug loves the temporal love?

25
What bug loves the parietal lobe?
Toxoplasma
26
What bug loves the hippocampus?
Rabies
27
What bug loves the posterior fossa?
TB
28
What bug loves the DCML tract?
Treponema
29
How do migraines present?
Auro, photophobia, numbness and tingling, throbbing headache, nausea
30
How do tension headaches present?
"Band-like" pain starts in posterior neck, increases throughout the day, sleep disturbance
31
How do cluster headaches present?
Rhinorrhea, unilateral orbital pain, suicidal, facial flushing, worse with lying down
32
How does temporal arteritis present?
Pain with chewing, blind in one eye
33
How does trigeminal neuralgia (Tic Douloureux) present?
Sharp, shooting face pain, recurrent episodes
34
What are the 2 kinds of _partial_ seizures?
1. Simple (aware) 2. Complex (not aware)
35
What are the 3 kinds of _generalized_ seizures?
1. Tonic-clonic "Grand Mal" 2. Absence "Petit Mal" 3. Status Epilepticus
36
How does an epidural hematoma present?
Intermittent consciousness (lucid interval)
37
How does a Subarachnoid hemorrhage present?
"Worst headache of my life", hx. of Berry aneurysm
38
How does a Subdural Hematoma present?
Headache 4 weeks after trauma, elderly (loose brain)
39
What is an Astrocytoma?
* Rosenthal fibers * #1 in kids with **occipital** headache
40
What is an Ependymoma?
* Rosettes present in the 4th Ventricle * Hydrocephalus
41
What is a Craniopharyngioma?
* Motor oil biopsy * tooth enamel * Rathke's Pouch * ADH problem * Bitemporal Hemianopsia
42
What is Glioblastoma multiforme?
* Pseudopalisading necrosis * worst prognosis * intralesional hemorrhage
43
What is a Hemangioblastoma?
* In the **cerebellum** * associated with **VHL**
44
What is a Meduloblastoma?
* Pseudorosettes compressing the brain * Early morning vomiting
45
What is Meningioma?
* Located parasagittal * Psammoma bodies present * **whirling pattern** * best prognosis
46
What are the most common places to metastasize to the brain?
* From the lung, breast, and skin * Present at the White-Grey Junction
47
What is an Oligodendroglioma?
* Fried egg appearance * Nodular Calcification
48
What is a Pinealoma?
* Loss of upward gaze * loss of circadian rhythms * lead to precocious puberty
49
What is a Schwannoma?
CN-8 tumor, unilateral deafness
50
What is Neurofibromatosis?
* Cafe' au laut spots (hyperpigmentation) * Peripheral nerve tumors * Axillary freckles * Type 1: Von Recklinghausen's * **Chromosome 17**, peripheral, optic glioma, **Lisch nodules**, scoliosis * Type 2: Acoustic Neuroma * Central, **Chromosome 22**, cataracts, **_bi_****lateral** **deafness**
51
What is Sturge-Weber?
* Port wine stain (big purple spot) on forehead * angioma of retina * Epilepsy Mental retardation
52
What is Tuberous Sclerosis?
* Ashleaf spots (hypopigmentation) * Primary brain tumors * Heart Rhabdomyolysis * Renal cell CA * Shagreen spots (leathery)
53
What is Benign Positional Vertigo?
* Sensation of room spinning * Nausea/Vomiting * Nystagmus without hearing loss or tinnitus * Onset of symptoms when change position
54
What is Vestibular Neuritis?
* Inflammation of the vestibular portion (CN8) * Could be associated with viral infection * Characterized by vertigo and dizziness
55
What is Labyrinthitis?
* Inflammation of the Cochlear portion of the inner ear * presents with hearing loss and tinnitus
56
What is Meniere's Disease?
* Same presentation as Labyrinthitis * but is a **chronic** condition * with **remitting and relapsing episodes**

Wolfpacc Clues COPY (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions