Neurology Flashcards
What 3 things do you ask a patient to assess orientation?
- Ask the patient’s name
- Ask if they know where they are
- Ask if they know the date
How do you test visual acuity for CN II?
Eye chart
What does a positive jaw jerk reflex indicate?
CN V injury. The jaw usually deviates toward the weak side.
How do you assess for the vestibular component of CN VIII?
Look for nystagmus in the extraocular movement test.
Describe the 0-5 scale of the strength test.
0/5 = no muscle twitch with attempted movement
1/5 = Twitch
2/5 = Movement against horizontal plane but not against gravity
3/5 = Movement against gravity but not resistance
4/5 = Movement against some resistance
5/5 = Movement against full resistance
What is stereognosis?
Recongnition of a familiar object in the palm.
What is Graphesthesia?
Number recognition in the palm.
Describe the 0-4 scale of deep tendon reflexes.
0/4 = no response 1/4 = diminished 2/4 = normal 3/4 = somewhat increased 4/4 = greatly increased, clonus
What is the Jendrassik maneuver?
A distraction technique to get a patient to relax. The physician usually tells to patient to perform some motor task with extremities other than those being tested for muscle reflex.
What is the hoffman sign?
Indicates UMN lesion.
Performed by “flicking” or tapping the tip of the middle finger. If the thumb flexes, this is a positive test.
What is the pronator drift?
Cerebellar function test.
-Arms flexed to 90 degrees at shoulders, shoulder width apart, palms up, close eye
-Drifting arm within 30 seconds suggest contralateral corticospinal tract disease.
What is the Romberg Test?
Feet together, arms flexed to 90 degrees at the shoulder, palms up, close eyes.
If the patient cannot keep his or her balance the test is positive and indicates cerebellar lesions.
