neurons and synaptic transmission

Question 1

what is a neuron?

Answer 1

• transmits signals electrically and chemically
• the communication of the nervous system
• 80% are located in the brain

Question 2

define nucleus

Answer 2

• the control center of the cell
• genetic material

Question 3

define dendrites

Answer 3

• branch like structures
• carry nerve impulses from neighboring neurons towards the cell body

Question 4

define axon

Answer 4

• carry impulses away from the cell body

Question 5

define myelin sheath

Answer 5

• fatty layer that protects the axon and speeds up the electrical transmission of the impulse

Question 6

define nodes of Ranvier

Answer 6

• speed up the transmission of the impulse by forcing it to jump across the gaps along the axon

Question 7

define terminal buttons

Answer 7

• end of the axon
• communicate with the next neuron across the synapse

Question 8

What’s a sensory neuron?

Answer 8

• carry messages from the PNS to the CNS
• long dendrites and short axons

Question 9

whats a relay neurons?

Answer 9

• connect the sensory neurons to the motor or relay neuron
• short dendrites and short axons

Question 10

whats a motor neuron?

Answer 10

• connect the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands
• short dendrites and long axons