Neurons Chapter 1

Question 1

what is a neuron?

Answer 1

as a nerve cell, is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials

Question 2

Structure of a Neuron

Answer 2

Neurons have three parts: the cell body (soma), dendrites (receive signals), and axon (sends signals)

Question 3

What does mean when The Neuron is at rest.

Answer 3

Neurons maintain a resting membrane potential, with a negative charge inside compared to outside.

Question 4

what is Signaling?

Answer 4

Neurons communicate through electrical impulses (action potentials) and chemical signals (neurotransmitters) at synapses.

Question 5

Synaptic Transmission is..

Answer 5

Signals are transmitted across synapses via neurotransmitters.

Question 6

what is a Neural Circuits?

Answer 6

Groups of neurons that work together to process information.

Question 7

what is Action Potential?

Answer 7

Electrical signals that travel along axons

Question 8

what is a Propagation?

Answer 8

The action potential travels down the axon without weakening.

Question 9

what is a brainbox

Answer 9

A technique for visualizing different neurons in the brain using fluorescent proteins.

Question 10

Cajal famously discovered the cells in the brain are discrete, rather than connected like blood vessels, leading to his development of the….FILL IN

Answer 10

Neuron Doctrine

Question 11

The dendrite of a neuron is responsible for __fill in____ chemical signals.

Answer 11

Collecting

Question 12

After the chemical signal is collected, but before it can be conducted down the axon, the signals must be…..FILL IN….

Answer 12

Integrated

Question 13

Destruction of ____ neurons would eliminate the brain’s ability to control muscles

Answer 13

Motor

Question 14

Multipolar neurons are distinguished by have many

Answer 14

Dendrites

Question 15

Unlike glial cells, which come in only 4 basic types, there are at least _____ types of neurons.

Answer 15

Dozens

Question 16

Visualizing individual neurons can be accomplished by using staining techniques, such as Nissl and _____ staining

Answer 16

Golgi

Question 17

Compared to a computer, neurons process information:

Answer 17

much slower

Question 18

If most neurons in the human brain are interneurons, then the output of most

Answer 18

Input to other neurons

Question 19

Spatially separate inputs to a neuron can be integrated so long as they have similar.

Answer 19

Spatial orientation

Question 20

In general, the neuronal cell body combines inputs using

Answer 20

Addition

Question 21

The presence of myelin sheath around an axon causes the action potential to

Answer 21

Travel faster

Question 22

An electrical gradient exists when the inside of a neuron is ————- than the outside of the cell

Answer 22

Differently charged

Question 23

Chemical solutions such as——— can inhibit action potentials so that we do not feel pain in the treated area

Answer 23

Lidocaine

Question 24

Multiple Sclerosis affects the ability of the—- to function properly.

Answer 24

Ion channels

Question 25

To determine if a neuron is selective for a particular face, we can compare its firing rate when the stimulus is shown to

Answer 25

Its firing rate when shown other faces

Question 26

Neurons that have a preferred auditory frequency orientation exhibit a firing rate pattern that...

Answer 26

Shows no trial variability

Question 27

Because neurons receive inputs from thousands of other neurons, the most important input feature is...

Answer 27

The total amount of input

Question 28

Encoding information across a population of neurons can overcome all the following problems except..

Answer 28

Coordinating activity across neurons

Question 29

Reminder to watch...

Answer 29

The Videos that are for this Chapter 1