Neuropharm

Question 1

Release regulated in response to changes in plasma osmolarity, extracellular volume, or sensory nerve input

Answer 1

Posterior pituitary hormones

Question 2

Negative feedback to hypothalamus or pituitary from pituitary hormone or target tissue hormone

Answer 2

Anterior pituitary hormones

Question 3

Hypothalamic dwarfism treated by

Answer 3

GH replacement

Question 4

Exact match with human GH. Given subcutaneously 1x/day in evening

Answer 4

Somatropin

Question 5

Synthetic GHRH

Answer 5

Sermorelin

Question 6

Early in treatment have increased ICP and may be diabetogenic due to anti-insulin actions that cause decreased glucose usage

Answer 6

GH therapy

Question 7

Used to treat GH deficiency. Used in Laron dwarfism which has mutation in GH receptor. Also useful for patients with antibodies to GH. Can cause hypoglycemia and lipohypertrophy

Answer 7

Human recombinant IGF-1

Question 8

Octreotide and lanreotide

Answer 8

Somatostatin analogues

Question 9

Longer half lives than somatostatin. Inhibit GH secretion and reduce levels of IGF-1. Given subcutaneously

Answer 9

Octreotide and lanreotide (somatostatin analogs). Lanreotide is longer acting

Question 10

Cause GI side effects and gallstones

Answer 10

Somatostatin analogues (octreotide and lanreotide)

Question 11

Competitive GH receptor antagonist that reduces IGF-1. Indicated for acromegaly (2nd line therapy). Monitor liver fun. Can cause lipohypertrophy at injection site

Answer 11

Pegvisomant

Question 12

Amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility in women.

Impotence, galactorrhea, and infertility in men

Answer 12

Prolactinemia

Question 13

Bromocriptine and cabergoline

Answer 13

Dopamine receptor agonists

Question 14

Stimulate dopamine D2 receptors to inhibit spontaneous and TRH-induced release of PRL

Answer 14

Cabergoline and bromocriptine (dopamine receptor agonists)

Question 15

Longer half life and greater selectivity for D2 receptor. More potent.

Answer 15

Carbergoline

Question 16

Lower tendency to induce nausea, causes hypotension and dizziness. But linked to valvular disease that could be attributed to its ergot activity (mediated via serotonin receptor)

Answer 16

Cabergoline dopamine receptor agonist

Question 17

Synthetic TRH that stimulates release of TSH. Used for diagnostic purposes in hypothyroidism

Answer 17

Protirelin

Question 18

After Protirelin given > T3, T4, and TSH normal

Answer 18

Hypothalamic prob

Question 19

After Protirelin given > TSH, T4, and T3 not increased

Answer 19

Pituitary failure

Question 20

After Protirelin given > TSH increased, T3/T4 not increased

Answer 20

Thyroid gland problem

Question 21

Cosyntropin is an _______ synthetic analog

Answer 21

ACTH

Question 22

Used diagnostically to determine primary vs secondary adrenal insufficiency

Answer 22

Cosyntropin (ACTH analog)

Question 23

_________ GnRH analogs downregulate GnRH receptors and are used to block release of FSH and LH

Answer 23

Long acting

Question 24

CRH release

Answer 24

ACTH