Nevous System

Question 1

____ is the term for organization of nerves and sense organs near the interior of the body

Answer 1

cephalization

Question 2

both nervous system and the skin are made from which layer of the gastrula

Answer 2

ectoderm

Question 3

Which part of the neuron receives input

Answer 3

dendrite

Question 4

The gap between one neuron’s axon and another neuron’s dendrite is called the _____

Answer 4

synapse

Question 5

The ____ is a structure in the brain that regulates thirst, hunger, body temp, and sleep

Answer 5

hypothalamus

Question 6

which of the three meninges is most superficial

Answer 6

dura matter

Question 7

excessive amounts of dopamine are correlated with which mental condition

Answer 7

schizophrenia

Question 8

what neurotransmitter is associated with attachment and bonding

Answer 8

oxytocin

Question 9

when a neuron is polarized, ____ is being pumped OUT of the membrane

Answer 9

sodium

Question 10

what region of the brain identify salience

Answer 10

anterior cingulate gyrus

Question 11

all of the following traits are dominated in the right hemisphere except ______

Answer 11

analytical processing

Question 12

which ion is brought into an axon to move vesicles to the cell membrane for release

Answer 12

calcium

Question 13

what sensors respond to pressure in the skin

Answer 13

pacinian

Question 14

the peripheral nervous system includes all of the following except _____

Answer 14

the spine

Question 15

the _____ regulates breathing rate

Answer 15

pons

Question 16

The bumps or protrusions on the surface of the cerebrum are called ____

Answer 16

gyri

Question 17

in research on autism, ____ neurons are found to be different than in non-autistic people

Answer 17

mirror

Question 18

Which of the five senses is mostly registered in the limbic system

Answer 18

olfactory

Question 19

all of the following occur with sympathetic response except _______

Answer 19

pupils contract

Question 20

The correct order of skin from superficial to deep is

Answer 20

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

Question 21

what does GABA regulate

Answer 21

anxiety

Question 22

what impulse is part chemical and

part electric

Answer 22

chemoelectric impulse

Question 23

“+” positive refers to

Answer 23

resting and polarized

Question 24

“-“ negative refers to

Answer 24

active and depolarized

Question 25

neurotransmitters are where in the axon

Answer 25

the vesicles

Question 26

Botulin (botox) prevents what

Answer 26

it prevents the affect of acetylcholine

Question 27

Meissner’s skin receptor

Answer 27

touch (upper dermis)

Question 28

Pacinian’s skin receptor

Answer 28

pressure (lower dermis)

Question 29

thermoreceptors skin receptors

Answer 29

heat (upper dermis) cold (lower dermis)

Question 30

nociceptors skin receptors

Answer 30

pain (both parts of dermis)

Question 31

ruffini’s skin receptors

Answer 31

stretch (both parts of dermis)

Question 32

proprioceptors skin receptors

Answer 32

movement/body location (located in all of the body)

Question 33

local anesthetic blocks and doesn’t block what

Answer 33

blocks nociceptors but not ruffinis

Question 34

olfactory

Answer 34

smell

Question 35

gustatory

Answer 35

taste

Question 36

somatosensory

Answer 36

touch

Question 37

humunculus

Answer 37

“map of body” created by feel

Question 38

what “eats” up the left over or extra chemicals in the synapse?

Answer 38

the neurons specific enzyme (chemical name + “ase”)

Question 39

true or false: there is a threshold of the chemicals to transfer from an axon to dendrite (all or none rule)

Answer 39

true

Question 40

the positive charge is always wehr the ____ is going

Answer 40

sodium

Question 41

the negative charge is always where the ____ is going

Answer 41

potassium

Question 42

what triggers neurotransmitters to release

Answer 42

calcium

Question 43

the 8 words to remember synaptic physiology order

Answer 43

receives it, pumps it, depolarized it, move it down to the axon bulb and channel in some calcium, vesicles position, neurotransmitters released in... the synapse, enzymes eat the extra in the gap, neuron is resting, sodium is exiting, potassium is entering, and now we’re back to polarized

Question 44

cells on the axon

Answer 44

schwann’s cells (they make the myelin)

Question 45

gaps between schwann cells

Answer 45

nodes is ranvier “signal boosters”

Question 46

insulating fatty layer that speeds transmission in the axon

Answer 46

myelin sheath

Question 47

Central nervous system uses what kind of cells

Answer 47

oligodendrites

Question 48

peripheral nervous system uses what kind of cells

Answer 48

schwann cells

Question 49

sympathetic nervous system responses

Answer 49

blood vessels narrow, increase in heart rate, pupil dilation, inhibits digestion system, lungs relax, contraction of arrector pili (hair stand up), decrease in salivation

Question 50

parasympathetic system responses

Answer 50

blood vessels dilate, decrease in heart rate, pupils close, secretion in digestion system, bronchi close, relaxation of arrector pili, increase in salivation

Question 51

matter layers top to bottom

Answer 51

dura, anarchiod, pía

Question 52

medulla oblongata is what to the corpus callosum

Answer 52

close

Question 53

olfactory nerve is linked to

Answer 53

optic chiasm

Question 54

what products CSF

Answer 54

choroid plexus

Question 55

what percentage of american children are diagnosed with autism

Answer 55

0.5%

Question 56

function of mirror neurons

Answer 56

empathy and perception of another individuals intentions

Question 57

3 brain regions that show a lack of mirror neurons in autistic kids

Answer 57

angular gyrus, interior frontal gyrus and insula

Question 58

do kids with autism show mu wave suppression

Answer 58

no

Question 59

bouba kiki test

Answer 59

connecting sounds and shapes

Question 60

primary survival advantage to mirror neurons

Answer 60

complex motor tasks

Question 61

salience landscape theory

Answer 61

map of emotional significance in the environment

Question 62

epileptic seizures can possibly | lead to

Answer 62

autism

Question 63

who in the social chain is likely to have more stress

Answer 63

people on the bottom

Question 64

scientist in african studies

Answer 64

robert sapolsky w

Question 65

acetylcholine neurotransmitter

Answer 65

excites muscles and schedules REM sleep schedules

Question 66

dopamine neurotransmitters

Answer 66

excited emotion, addiction, excessive amounts in frontal lobe leads to schizophrenia

Question 67

serotonin neurotransmitters

Answer 67

sleep, controls emotions, temperature, appetite, related | to OCD, lower level can lead to depression

Question 68

GABA neurotransmitters

Answer 68

inhibits anxiety

Question 69

substance P neurotransmitters

Answer 69

stimulates pain

Question 70

endorphins neurotransmitters

Answer 70

associated with memory, learning, sex, and is a natural pain killer

Question 71

nitric oxide neurotransmitters

Answer 71

learning and memory

Question 72

oxytocin

Answer 72

attachment and bonding, relationships, made by hypothalamus

Question 73

norepinephrine neurotransmitters

Answer 73

dreams, mood, increases heart rate and blood pressure, released by adrenal glands

Question 74

melatonin

Answer 74

carcadian rhythm