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New South Wales Flashcards

1
Q

Who established vineyards in Camden Park Estate and when?

A

John Macarthur in the early 1800s

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2
Q

What is Australia’s now-oldest continuously operating winery? Who founded it? When?

A

Wyndem Estate
George Wyndem in 1828
-planted Australia’s first commercial Shiraz vineyard in 1830

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3
Q

Who is the father of Australian wine industry, collected cuttings from Spain and France and brought them to NWS?

A

James Busby
1830 established “Kirkton” Estate

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4
Q

Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area

A

Established 1912
Delivers water from the Murrumbidgee River to farmlands in the Riverina region west of the Great Dividing Range

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5
Q

What percentage of wine production in Australia does NSW account for?

A

29%

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6
Q

What are the major climatic features of NSW?

A

Pacific Ocean
Great Dividing Range
Snowy Mountains

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7
Q

What is the Great Dividing Range?

A

Mountain range that runs along the coast.
It blocks western areas from rainfall and the cooling influence of the ocean.

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8
Q

What are the highest mountains in Australia and where are they located?

A

Snowy Mountains
NSW

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9
Q

Zones of NSW from North to South

A

Northern Slopes
Northern Rivers
Hunter Valley
Central Ranges
Southern New South Wales
South Coast
Big Rivers

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10
Q

What is the GI of Hunter Valley Zone?

A

Hunter Valley GI

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11
Q

What are the subregions of Hunter Valley GI?

A

Upper Hunter Valley
Broke Fordwich
Pokolbin

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12
Q

Where are Broke Fordwich and Pokolbin located?

A

Lower Hunter Valley

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13
Q

What is the climate of Hunter Valley Zone?

A

Hot, sub-tropical, wet

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14
Q

Climate of Hunter Valley GI

A

Hot and wet

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15
Q

How much rain does the Lower Hunter Valley get during the growing season?

A

20+ inches
More than two-thirds falls in the first four months of the year that includes harvest

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16
Q

Where does Hunter Valley GI fall on the Winkler Scale?

A

Region IV

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17
Q

Most planted grape in Hunter Valley

A

Semillon

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18
Q

Red grapes of Hunter Valley

A

(43%): Shiraz, Merlot

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19
Q

White grapes of Hunter Valley

A

(57%): Semillon, Chardonnay, Verdelho

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20
Q

What is Tyrrell’s top semillon bottling?

A

Vat 1

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21
Q

Who makes ILR Reserve? What is the grape?

A

Brokenwood
Semillon

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22
Q

Who made the first Chardonnay in Hunter Valley

A

Tyrrell

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23
Q

What is the soil in Upper Hunter Valley?

A

Black silt loam, dark clay loam LOAM

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24
Q

What is the soil of the Lower Hunter Valley?

A

East of Brokenback Range - weathered basalt
Higher ground - red volcanic soils (Pokolbin)

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25
Q

Semillon likes what kind of soil?

A

White alluvial soil

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26
Q

The red volcanic soils of the Lower Hunter Valley are conducive to what grape?

A

Shiraz

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27
Q

What are the major natural features of Hunter Valley?

A

Hunter and Goulburn Rivers

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28
Q

Important Producers of Hunter Valley

A

Tyrrell’s
Wyndham Estate
Rosemount Estate

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29
Q

What are the GIs of the Central Ranges Zone from North to South?

A

Mudgee GI
Orange GI
Cowra GI

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30
Q

What has a higher elevation, Mudgee or Hunter Valley?

A

Mudgee, 400-500 meters higher

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31
Q

Climate of Mudgee

A

Drier, sunnier, less humid, greater diurnal shifts

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32
Q

When does harvest occur in Mudgee compared to Lower Hunter Valley?

A

One month after Lower Hunter Valley

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33
Q

What is most planted white of Mudgee?

A

Chardonnay

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34
Q

Who was the first to cultivate Chardonnay in Mudgee?

A

Craigmoor

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35
Q

Major Natural Features of Mudgee

A

Great Dividing Range

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36
Q

Soil types of Mudgee

A

Brown sandy loam

37
Q

Climate of Orange GI

A

The Central Ranges coolest area

38
Q

This GI of Australia has the highest elevation in the country?

A

Orange GI in Central Ranges Zone
600-1,000 meters

39
Q

What is the highest point in Orange GI?

A

Mount Canobulas
An extinct volcano - source of basalt derived soils

40
Q

What was the first modern vineyard in Orange GI?

A

Bloodwood

41
Q

Grapes of Orange GI

A

Red: (66%): Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Merlot
White: (34%): Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc

42
Q

Soils of Orange GI

A

Extremely variable, including red-brown clays derived from basalt, yellow-brown clays of mixed origin, red-brown clay loam interspersed with gravel, terra rossa

43
Q

What is the southern most and warmest in the Central Ranges Zone?

A

Cowra GI

44
Q

Main grape of Cowra GI?

A

Chardonnay

45
Q

Soils of Cowra GI?

A

Brown loamy sand to clay loam, red clay subsoils

46
Q

GI of Northern Rivers Zone

A

Hastings River GI

47
Q

Climate of Hastings River GI

A

Hot

48
Q

Where does Hastings River lie on the Winkler Scale?

A

Region V

49
Q

What GI of Australia has the most rainfall?

A

Hasting Rivers GI in the Northern Rivers Zone

50
Q

Soil of Hastings River GI

A

Rich alluvial soils and red volcanic soils

51
Q

What are the major national features of Hastings River GI

A

Pacific Ocean
Broken Bago Range
Hastings River

52
Q

Main grape of Hastings River GI

A

Semillon

53
Q

What is the GI of the Northern Slopes Zone?

A

New England Australia GI

54
Q

Soils of New England Australia

A

Terra rossa at the highest altitudes
Granite and basalt at higher elevations to the north
Rich alluvial in the south

55
Q

Where does the highest elevation vineyard in Australia sit?

A

On Black Mountain in New England Australia GI
1320 meters

56
Q

Major Natural Features of New England Australia

A

Great Dividing Range
Black Mountain
Peel, Gwydir, and Severn Rivers
Moonbi Hills

57
Q

What are the two GIs of the South Coast Zone

A

Southern Highlands GI
Shoalhaven Coast

58
Q

What is the main grape of Shoalhaven Coast GI?

A

Chambourcin - A French Hybrid

59
Q

Main Grape of Southern Highlands GI

A

Tempranillo

60
Q

Major Natural Feature of Shoalhaven Coast GI

A

Pacific Ocean

61
Q

Major Natural Feature of Southern Highlands GI

A

Great Dividing Range

62
Q

What are the GIs of Big Rivers Zone?

A

Murray Darling
Riverina
Swan Hill
Pericoota

63
Q

What are the 3 main rivers of The Big Rivers Zone?

A

Murray River
Darling River
Murrumbidgee River

64
Q

What is the most planted grape of Riverina GI

A

Chardonnay

65
Q

What wine styles are produced in Riverina?

A

White
Red
Fortified and botrytis affected dessert wine

66
Q

Important Producers of Riverina GI?

A

DeBortoli - “Noble One Botrytis Semillon”
Casella winery (Yellowtail) - largest family owned winery in Australia founded in 1969

67
Q

Major Producer on Murray Darling

A

Lindemans

68
Q

Murray Darling lies in what two states?

A

Victoria
NSW

69
Q

Swan Hill lies in what two states?

A

Victoria
NSW

70
Q

Red grapes of Murray Darling

A

(47%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot

71
Q

White grapes of Murray Darling

A

(53%): Chardonnay, Muscat Gordo Blanco (Muscat of Alexandria)

72
Q

What are the GIs of Southern New South Wales Zone

A

Hilltops
Canberra District
Gundagai
Tumbarumba

73
Q

Canberra District GI is located in what state?

A

NSW
A portion is located in the Australian Capital Territory

74
Q

Where does Canberra District GI sit?

A

Against the Snowy Mountains

75
Q

Major Natural Features of Canberra District GI

A

Great Dividing Range
Lake George

76
Q

What is the climate of Canberra District GI

A

Mild, continental - similar to Northern Rhone

77
Q

Who were the first people to plant vines in Canberra District GI?

A

Edgar Riek planted vines on Lake George
John Kirk planted Clonakilla vineyard in Murrumbateman

78
Q

Who produced the first gruner in Canberra District GI?

A

Lark Hill

79
Q

What is the climate of Hilltops GI?

A

Warm, continental

80
Q

Grapes of Hilltops GI

A

Red: (82%): Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz
White: (18%): Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc

81
Q

What river flows through Gundagai GI?

A

Murrumbidgee River

82
Q

What is the climate of Gundagai?

A

Sparse rainfall
Higher temperatures

83
Q

Major Grapes and Wine Styles of Tumbarumba GI

A

Red Grapes (46%): Pinot Noir
White Grapes(54%): Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris
In 2012, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir accounted for 89% of the total harvest, and the majority of the region’s wines are sparkling

84
Q

Where does Tumbarumba sit?

A

Foothills of Snowy Mountains

85
Q

Climate of Tumbarumba

A

Cooler climate

86
Q

Who introduced the Shiraz/Viognier blend Cote-Rotie style in Canberra?

A

Tim Kirk - son of John Kirk of Clonakilla

87
Q

Grapes of Canberra District GI

A

Red Grapes (64%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Merlot
White Grapes (36%): Riesling

88
Q

Grapes of Gundagai

A

Red Grapes: Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon
White Grapes: Chardonnay

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