Nitrogen + Carbon cycle

Question 1

Identify and describe the first part of the CARBON cycle:

Answer 1

Photosynthesis: Carbon is removed from the air and enters food chains via photosynthesis in producers.

Question 2

Identify and describe the first part of the NITROGEN cycle:

Answer 2

Ammonification - production of ammonia (NH3) from proteins in dead organismsand urea in urine.

Question 3

Identify and describe the second part of the NITROGEN cycle:

Answer 3

Nitrogen fixation- conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds e.g., ammonia (NH3) and nitrate (NO3-).

Question 4

Identify and describe the third part of the NITROGEN cycle:

Answer 4

Nitrification - conversion of ammonia (NH3) into nitrites (NO2-) and then into nitrates (NO3-).

Question 5

Identify and describe the second part of the CARBON cycle:

Answer 5

Consumption and Assimilation: Carbon is then is transferred betweenorganisms (passes along food chains in organic matter (food)) via feeding and assimilation into biomass.

Question 6

Identify and describe the third part of the CARBON cycle:

Answer 6

Respiration & Decomposition: Carbon leavesorganisms and is added to the air as a result of cellular respiration (excreted as CO2) and also during decomposition (CO2and CH4). Some carbonleaves organisms in the faeces.

Question 7

Identify and describe the fourth part of the CARBON cycle:

Answer 7

Combustion: burning wood and fossil fuels adds carbon to air(C02,COand CH4).

Question 8

Identify and describe the fourth part of the NITROGEN cycle:

Answer 8

Denitrification - the conversion of soil nitrates into nitrogen gas (N2).

Question 9

Identify and describe the bacteria involved in ammonification

Answer 9

Decomposer bacteria: Breakdown dead material and waste.

Question 10

Identify and describe the bacteria involved in nitrogen fixation

Answer 10

Nitrogen fixing bacteria: Convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia or nitrates. They are located in soil or live symbiotically in the root nodulesof some plants.

Question 11

Identify and describe the bacteria involved in nitrification

Answer 11

Nitrifying bacteria: Convert ammonia (NH3) and nitrites (NO2-) into nitrates (NO3-).

Question 12

Identify and describe the bacteria involved in denitrification

Answer 12

Denitrifying bacteria: Convert nitrates and nitrites back into atmospheric nitrogen (N2).