Nitrogen Metabolism Flashcards
(14 cards)
What does transamination start and end with?
Amino acid, keto acid
Briefly describe the steps in the urea cycle?
Glutamate, carbomyl phosphate, citrulline (out of mitochondria), argino-succinate, Arginine, UREA released, ornithine (into mitochondria) back to citrulline
What are the 9 essential amino acids?
Methionine, valine, histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, threonine, isoleucine, lysine, tryptophan
Which amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?
Lysine and leucine
What are a) ketogenic and b) glycogenic degraded to?
A) glucose precursors: pyruvate, alpha ketoglutarate, succinyl-coA, fumerate and oxaloacetate
B) fatty acid and ketone body precursors: acetoacetate and acetyl-coA
What are the fates of amino acids?
Protein synthesis, glucose/glycogen, energy, fatty acids/ketones, synthesis of N2 donating metabolites
What does glycine make?
Haem
What does tryptophan make?
Serotonin
What makes histamine?.
Histidine
What makes creatine?
Glycine and Arginine
What do gly, asp, and glu make?
Purine bases
How are lysosomes selective and when?
In starving state selective to KFEQR
What is special about lysosymes?
Low internal pH
How are proteasomes selective?
Ub tagging needed
