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Environmental Health > Noise > Flashcards

Noise Flashcards

1
Q

what is noise?

A

a sound you DON’T want to hear

unwanteded sound

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2
Q

review parts of ear

A

parts of ear

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3
Q

cochlea

A

little hairs

if damaged, attachments damaged, breakage, not repairable

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4
Q

How does noise damage hearing

A

damage attachments of hairs in cochlea

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5
Q

chemicals and hearing

A

toulene and noise in some kind of DIY thing… increases the effect of the noise…worse hearing loss

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6
Q

frequency

A

Hz

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7
Q

threshold in dB where we start to lose hearing

A

40 dB

can’t here 4000 hZ

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8
Q

NIHL

A

Noise Induced Hearing loss

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9
Q

What is the outcome of NIHL

A

permanent, irreversible hearing loss

hearing aids can’t correct it
Cochlear implants don’t restore it

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10
Q

Why are’t hearing aids the best

A

magnify level of ALL noise, background noise too…they don’t know how to differentiate

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11
Q

NIHL more

A

can endanger people and have social impact

TOTALLY PREVENTABLE

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12
Q

Hearing Loss and the wokrplace

A

not hearing warning signs=danger

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13
Q

Noises in the US… exposure

A

5-30 million pppl exposed to hazardous levels of noise

100 million exposed above the EPA “safe level”

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14
Q

Hazardous level of noise

A

85 dB or over for 8 hours

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15
Q

EPA “Safe” level of noise

A

75 dB for 24 hrs

exposed for longer if its for less time

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16
Q

protecting from noise

A

Time
Distance
Shielding

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17
Q

Hearing loss in the US

A

10 mill with NIHL

12 mill with tinnitus (ringing)

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18
Q

Cost of hearing lost

A

NO nat. surveillence system
$305 mill spend annually on HIHL by Army

in Washington…they spent $57 million in 1998…which didnt include hearing aids! (which also cost a ton)

NOT covered by worker’s comp in 4 states

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19
Q

High Risk Hearing Loss jobs

A 
mining 
Agriculture
Construction 
Transportation 
Manufacturig
Metal Workers
Military
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20
Q

Recreational noise exposure

A

take risks… motorcycle, high level of noise in headphones, chainsaw with no hearing protection

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21
Q

recreation and job

A

how do you know where the majority of the hearing loss is from

maybe use epi…but we don’t have a way to tell whats what currently

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22
Q

Noise thermometor

A

blenders… threshold, but not at the time

Heavy traffic, jackhammars WAY at the top

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23
Q

Limit exposure to jackhammar

A

switch out workers, give them hearing protection

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24
Q

rainfall

A

in a heavy storm, 50dB (thats not even thunder)

25
OSHA Hearing Conservation Program (mointoring)
annually measure worker hearing | want to make sure no decline while employee works for you
26
OSHA hearing conservation program...the things it includes
``` monitor (anual) test protect train keep records ```
27
OSHA regulations: Purpose and Scope
- Protect employees from exposure to hazardous noise | - Establish an effective hearing conservation program (HCP)
28
OSHA regulating a workplace
long time between inspections | - Complaints get OSHA in sooner
29
Worker responsibility
you have to go to OSHA and make a complaint
30
Heirarchy of controls...cheapest to most expensibe
Administrative controls Engineering controls PPE if the former don't work
31
who does OSHA hold accountable
ONLY employeer gets fined, NOT employee...even if they're the one breaking the rules
32
Hierarchy of controls...what is least to most effective
``` PPE (compliance issues in employees) Training Procedures and admin controls Warnings Engineering controls Eliminate noise or substitute ```
33
Most effective way to decrease leaf blower exposure
- use a muffler to muffle noise | con: it increases weight... risk of back injury
34
REVEIW HERIARCHY OF CONTROLS IMAGE
REVEIW HERIARCHY OF CONTROLS IMAGE
35
Path of Noise
comes straight off you | can hit surface and bounce back to person
36
floors and noise
carpet..noise can't bounce as well fabric coat walls works too
37
Source-Path-Reciever
Hotel rooftops...incase AC Cages for inspectors of mechanical plants made of absorbent material (not hard /dense) walls between highways and homes
38
Things that can happen to noise when it meets a surface
absorbed passes through object refracted reflected
39
Noise: Engineering Controls
``` Replace/repair equpitment reduce source of noise make enclosures make barriers vibration control use sound absorbing materials ```
40
Goals to reduce noise
reduce source of noise | USE ABSORBANT MATERIALS
41
Noise: Adminstrative Controls
Training! #1 Job rotation Inc distance between workers and source equiptment maintenance
42
first thing you have do to in workplace to reduce noise harm
TRANING
43
When do you need HCP
must be provided by employer if employees are exposed to noise at levels of 85dB over an 8 hr time weighted average
44
What is HCP
hearing conservation program
45
how many dB is the regulation...
85 dB over 8 hrs!!!!!
46
what is 90dB
you can go up to 90 at some point during the day, so long as your average over the day is 85 or bellow
47
Time Weighted Average
average out over the day can exceed for part of work day under for other part averages out to the standard (hopefully)
48
Time Weighted Average equation
Dose= 100*(C1/T1 + C2/T2) C= duration at each noise level T=allowable duration at each noise level
49
Monitoring
employers comes up with monitoring program notify employees if they are above the level teach them hot to limit it testing and retesting
50
where we lose hearing occupationally
around 4000 Hz level this means you're not protecting yourself
51
standard threshold shift
your hearing is decreasing
52
Notification if you have a standard threshold shift
TELL employee w/in 21 days Informed that more eval is needed REQUIRED to wear hearing protecting Refited and retrained in use of HP
53
Hearing Protector
Employers must make it available (its expensive!) | Employees are given the opportunity to chose from a variety
54
record keeping
very important that employees do this | have to show records to OSHA
55
Other Noise Metrics and Standards
Mine Safety and Health Admin measure with PEL (permissible Exposure Limit) Nat. Institute for Occ. Safety and Health uses REL (reccommended Exposure Limit American Conference of Gov. Industrial Hygienists use TLV (threshold limit Value)
56
OSHA PELs vs ACGIH TLVs
ACGIH more strict...who you want regulating you as a worker
57
OSHA PEL
8 hr TWA of 90dBA
58
ACGIH
8 hr TW of 85 dbBA

Environmental Health (6 decks)

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