Norepinephrine and GABA Enhancers Flashcards
(20 cards)
What amino acid is norepinephrine derived from?
tyrosine
Identifying traits of peyote cactus
spineless, native to Mexico, name derived from Aztec term peyotl
What church is peyote legally incorporated into?
the Native American Church of North America
Where is mescaline (peyote) a controlled substance?
Canada, you can own the plant though
What are the effects of peyote?
hallucinations; initial nausea, chills, vomiting, anxiety, and disorientation; flashbacks weeks later
What is the active principle in peyote cactus?
the protoalkaloid mescaline
How does mescaline work?
blocks the release of acetylcholine and affects potassium conductance in central nervous system; functions as a norepinephrine mimetic
Identifying traits of San Pedro cactus
spiny, native to South America (Peru)
What’s the active principle in san pedro cactus?
mescaline
Where is mescaline located in san pedro cactus?
outer tissue of stems
Where is the cactus family exclusive to?
the Americas
How is GABA derived?
from decarboxylation of glutamic acid
How does GABA work?
it inhibits (depresses) synaptic transmission in the central nervous system
Identifying traits for fly agaric mushroom
occurs in Eurasia and North America
What ceremonial ritual was practiced with fly agaric mushroom?
The drinking of urine of the mushroom eaters, since the
What are the active principles in fly agaric?
muscimol (mimics the inhibitory effect of GABA, sedating effect) and ibotenic acid (stimulates receptors of glutamate, state of delirium)
What is ingestion of fly agaric similar to?
alcohol intoxication
Who proposed that fly agaric is the soma?
Wasson
What alkaloids were isolated from wild rue?
harmine and harmaline
Recent data has shown that ____ is actually soma?
wild rue
