Normal and Abnormal Breast Exam (Wootton) Flashcards
(38 cards)
1) What does Estrogen allow to grow in Breast?
2) Progesterone?
1) Adipose tissue and Lactiferous ducts
2) Lobular growth and Alveolar Budding
Es Adi Lact
Pro Lo Bud
1) What are the 2 risk factors for breast cancer with menstruation?
2) Is nulliparity or multiparity considered a risk factor for breast cancer?
3) What medication is a risk factor for breast cancer?
1) Menarche (age <12) and Menopause (age >55)
2) Nulliparity
3) OCP
What is able to detect lesions about two years before they become palpable.
They are best used in women of what age?
1) Mammography
2) 40 years and older
Ultrasonography
1) When should it be used?
2) In what age?
2) It allows differentiation between what lesions?
1) If mammography is inconclusive
2) Younger than 40
3) Cystic vs solid lesions
MRI Should be used in woman for who?
BRCA carriers who are high risk for Breast Cancer
1) What is Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy with a 22-24 gauge needle is useful in determining?
2) What type of fluid is sent for cytology if concerning?
3) What is done next if that occurs?
1) Solid versus cystic
2) Bloody Fluid (Clear fluid is good)
3) Mammogram or US
What are the proliferative benign breast mass WITHOUT atypia
Papilloma
Epithelial hyperplasia
Complex sclerosing lesions (radial scar)
Sclerosing Adenosis
PECS
If cyst reappears or does not resolve with aspiration what should be done?
1) Mammogram/ultrasound
2) Perform biopsy
What biopsy uses a large needle (14-16 gauge) to get tissue from larger solid masses?
Core Needle Biopsy
1) Mastalgia (breast pain) that is cyclic starts when in menstrual cycle?
2) When does it end?
1) Luteal phase
2) Onset of menses
What are some extramammary causes of mastalgia?
1) Chest wall trauma
2) Shingles
3) Fibromyalgia
The only FDA approved treatment for mastalgia in benign breast disease is?
Danazol
What are some considerations for symptoms relief in mastalgia treatment?
1) Weight reduction
2) Decrease caffeine intake
3) Primrose Oil
4) Properly Fitting Bra
5) Vitamin E supplementation
WD PPV
What is Non-spontaneous, non-bloody (can be clear, green or yellow) and bilateral nipple discharge is most consistent with?
1) Fibrocystic changes
2) Ductal ectasia
What can milky discharge indicate?
1) Hyperprolactinemia
2) Hypothyroidism
1) What type of nipple discharge should you consider cancer until proven otherwise?
2) What does it raise concern for?
1) Bloody
2) Intraductal carcinoma and Invasive ductal carcinoma
What are the 4 non proliferative benign breast mass
1) Fibrocystic changes
2) Adenosis
3) Fibroadenomas
4) Galactocele
What features of breast masses should raise concern for malignancy?
1) Skin dimpling/retraction/color changes
2) Immobility
3) Greater than 2cm in size
4) ipsilateral lymphadenopathy
SIGI
How is adenosis characterized by?
Lobular Growth with increased gland number
What is the most common benign tumor in female breast?
It usually presents in what age group?
How are they characterized by?
1) Fibroadenomas
2) Late teen/early 20s
3) Solid Solitary Rubbery Mobile (SSRM)
What is characterized as a cystic dilation of duct filled with milky fluid that occurs near time of lactation?
Galactocele
What proliferative benign breast mass without atypia is characterized by overgrowth of the cells that line the ducts?
Epithelial hyperplasia
How is Sclerosing adenosis characterized as?
Increased fibrosis within breast lobules
How is Complex sclerosing lesions (radial scar) characterized as?
tubules trapped in a dense stoma surrounded by radiating arms of epithelium?
