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Echo Boards Review > normal cardiac anatomy > Flashcards

normal cardiac anatomy Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

normal PAP (pulmonary artery pressure)

A

15-25 mmHg

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2
Q

normal aorta pressure

A

120/80

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3
Q

normal lv systolic pressure

A

<120

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4
Q

normal diastolic lv pressure

A

3-12

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5
Q

normal RA pressure

A

2-8 mmHg

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6
Q

normal rv pressure

A

2-8 mmhg

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7
Q

normal rv systolic pressure

A

15-25

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8
Q

what is the outer layer of the pericardium called

A

fibrous pericardium

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9
Q

what is the inner layer of the pericardium called

A

serous pericardium

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10
Q

heart wall most outer layer

A

epicardium

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11
Q

muscle layer of the heart is called

A

myocardium also the center layer

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12
Q

most inner layer of the heart wall

A

endocardium

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13
Q

tricuspid valve leaftlets

A

medial
posterior
anterior

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14
Q

mitral valve leaflets

A

anterior
posterior

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15
Q

pulmonic valve leaflets

A

right and left posterior
anterior

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16
Q

aortic valve leaflets

A

non/left/right coronary cusp

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17
Q

normal ivc diastolic diameter

A

1.2 - 2.1 cm

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18
Q

normal TV orifice

A

7-9 cm2

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19
Q

normal PV orifice

A

<2.0 cm2

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20
Q

what are the 4 pulmonary veins

A

right upper and lower
left upper and lower

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21
Q

normal LA pressure

A

2-12 mmhg

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22
Q

normal MV orifice

A

4-6 cm2

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23
Q

normal AV orifice

A

<2 cm

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24
Q

the left coronary artery branches into…

A

left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery

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25
the LAD or left anterior descending arter supplies blood to what wall
septal, anterior, apex walls
26
the circumflex artery supplies blood too
the posterior wall and the atria
27
the right coronary artery branches off too
the acute marginal artery and posterior descending artery
28
the AM or Acute marginal artery supplies blood too..
the right ventricle
29
the PDA or posterior descending artery supplies blood too
the inferior portion of the heart
30
3 branches off the aortic arch
brachiocephalic left subclavian left common carotid
31
where is the aorta isthmus
area between the left subclavian artery and the ligamentum arteriosum
32
what is the isovolumic contraction time
PREcedes systole all 4 valves are closed
33
what is isovolumic relaxation time
immediately precedes diastole all valves are closed
34
normal heart rate
60-100 bpm
35
stroke volume
volume of blood ejected with each heart beat SV=EDV-ESV
36
cardiac output
volume of blood the LV pumps out each minute CO=SVxHR
37
cardiac index
cardiac output with body surface area accounted for CI=CO/BSA
38
preload
the volume in the heart at the end of diastole
39
frank starling law
the more blood that enters the ventricle during diastole the greater the force of contraction or increased myocardial fiber length means increased tension
40
interval strength relationship
the longer the interval between heartbeats the stronger the contraction to eject blood
41
afterload
the resistance the heart must pump against
42
inotropic force
contractility of the heart muscle of the force
43
chronotropic
rate of the contraction or HR
44
heart conduction pathway
1. SA node 2. AV node 3. bundle of his 4. left and right bundle branhes 5. purkinjie fibers
45
what is repolarization
myocardial relaxation
46
Normal blood pressure
<120/<80
47
The coronary sinus empties into..
The right atrium
48
Where is the thebesian valve located
Between the coronary sinus and the right atrium
49
Eustachian valve
Normal embryonic remnant at the junction of the infeior vena cava and RA
50
The chiari network
Normal embryonic remnant Web like structure that appears as a mobile, thin membrane in the RA near IVC
51
The RA appendage
From embryonic RA Pouch like extension off the RA broad and triangular
52
Normal PA pressure in end diastole
4-12 mmhg
53
identify the anterior and posterior TV leaflets
1. posterior 2. anterior
54
identify the right coronary cusp and non coronary cusp
1. RCC 2. NCC
55
identify the AMVL and PMVL
1. AMVL 2. PMVL
56
identify the right post PV leaflet and left posterior PV leaflet
1. right posterior 2. left posterior
57
identify the RCC, LCC, NCC
3. RCC 4. LCC 5. NCC
58
indentify septal TV, Ant TV leaflets AMVL and PMVL
1. anterior TV cusp 2. septal TV cusp 3. AMVL 4. PMVL
59
The posteriomedial pap is supplied by which coronary artery
The RCA
60
Normal fractional shortening
>25%
61
great cardiac vein drains
the anterior myocardium
62
the middle cardiac vein drains
the posterior myocardium
63
the left cardiac vein drains
the posterior surface of the LV
64
anterior cardiac vein drains
the right atrium and the anterior portion of the RV
65
Normal tapse
>1.7 cm
66
Ef equation
Lvidv-lvisv/lvidv X100
67
When is the lvot measured
Mid systole
68
When is the sinotubular junction, sinus of valsalva, and ao root
End diastole
69
Normal sinus of valsalva
3 to 3.4
70
Normal sino tubular junction
2.6 to 2.9 cm
71
Normal dp/dt
>1200
72
Normal stroke volume range
70-100 ml
73
Normal co range
4-8 l/min
74
Normal mv peak velocity
.6 - 1.3
75
Normal tv peak velocity
.3 - .7
76
Pv normal peak velocity
.6 - .9

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