Northern Ireland

Question 1

statistics about political deaths?

Answer 1

3,700 dead between 1969-1998

Question 2

how many casualties?

Answer 2

40,000

Question 3

when was Ireland partitioned?

Answer 3

1921

Question 4

what percentage of the deaths were civilians?

Answer 4

55% - however there was issues with this in relation to what the IRA classified as civilian vs. what government classified as civilians

Question 5

what did the end of the violence require from the Catholics/ republicans?

Answer 5

it required admitting the legitimacy of the state

Question 6

which parties did the Sunningdale agreement involve?

Answer 6

the centreist parties (UUP and SDLP), Ireland and UK

Question 7

was the Sunningdale agreement consocational?

Answer 7

largely embraced the grand coalition, mutual veto and proportionality however did not officially embrace Lijpharts terminology

Question 8

which groups were excluded from the Sunningdale agreement?

Answer 8

DUP/ UDA and IRA and Sinn Fein

Question 9

Sunningdale was an ambiton project taken in unfavourable political circumstances (who?)

Answer 9

Tonge 2005

Question 10

what were the referendum results in NI about the GFA?

Answer 10

71% for and 29% against (however this masked a serious division among the unionists only 57% in favour) (81% turnout)

Question 11

what area was the consocational GFA lacking in?

Answer 11

communal autonomy

Question 12

which party opposed the GFA?

Answer 12

DUP led by Ian Paisley

Question 13

what are the phases of the peace process?

Answer 13

1. embarking (1990 -94)
2. inter party negotiation (1994-98)
3. embedding the GFA (1998-2003)
4. reconfiguring the agreement (2003-07)
5. achievement (2007- present)
   O’Kane 2013

Question 14

Guns and government?

Answer 14

Trimble refused to share office with McAdams unless the IRA decommissioned

Question 15

what year was the St. Andrews agreement?

Answer 15

2006

Question 16

Sinn Fein are ‘unswerving in their dedication to Irish unity’? and evalutation?

Answer 16

Frampton - it is unclear how they aim to achieve this as there has been no eviedence of this and now the majority of people want to keep things the way they are!

Question 17

McIntyre?

Answer 17

republicans were included in the GFA however republicanism was excluded

Question 18

the average deaths with 1990-97 and 1998-2012?

Answer 18

1990-97: 56pa

1998-2012: 10pa

Question 19

number of peace lines in Belfast?

Answer 19

grown from 20 in 1970 to 90 in 2012

Question 20

census results for northern irish in 2011?

Answer 20

21% (40% British only and 25% irish only)

Question 21

who states about constructive ambiguities?

Answer 21

Dixion

Question 22

Alonso with relation to the IRA?

Answer 22

a complete failure, as when they entered into the agreement this delegitimised their position

Question 23

English?

Answer 23

the IRAs inability to win the war greatly contributed to its willingness to enter into the peace agreement

Question 24

stalemate theories adequately explain the northern irish situation?

Answer 24

Nope! Tonge

Question 25

2012 Belefast Telegragh?

Answer 25

the majority would not vote for a united Ireland now or in 20 years - this is a catholic paper

Question 26

Imperfect peace in northern Ireland?

Answer 26

Tonge

Question 27

who have most of the shootings post 2006 been attributed to?

Answer 27

dissident groups

Question 28

mandate for spoiler groups?

Answer 28

alludes them - meaning no electoral presence

Question 29

dissident groups activities were not a hiccup on the road to peace?

Answer 29

Patterson

Question 30

high fences do not make good neighbours?

Answer 30

Wilson

Question 31

What is Wilsons argument with relation to high fences not making good neighbours

Answer 31

there is no intercultralism, duel nationalism is enshrined in the GFA (this is a criticism of consocationalism)

Question 32

what is McGrattans response to this?

Answer 32

1. Ireland is duel national these cannot be wished away! 2. no peace process in the world could involve an ideological U turn 3. they ignored the improved security situation and the acceptance of the northern irish state

Question 33

a number of issues remain unsolved in northern Ireland?

Answer 33

Tonge

Question 34

Turn out in elections is falling?

Answer 34

Tonge

Question 35

integrationalists believe that...

Answer 35

the GFA was a success as it will hopefully lead to increased integration through the shared position in the executive (Dixion 2005)

Question 36

a disadvantage of the GFA and of consocationalism is that it limits democracy?

Answer 36

Dixon 2005

Question 37

nationalist and unionist parties winning the majority of the vote in 1999?

Answer 37

1973&5 - 82% of the vote | 1996&9 - 91% of the vote *intresting year to choose - GFA

Question 38

Taylor and integrated schooling?

Answer 38

has widened however only by 3/4%

Question 39

Whyte cross cultural housing?

Answer 39

says its increasing | however Taylour uses the same article and says its decreasing because distrust has increased

Question 40

the criticism of consocationalism is that it just waits for the moment of ripeness and people to stop arguing then prescribes a system for them to use? how is northern Ireland an example against this?

Answer 40

because it had the system enforced on them by external actors

Question 41

the dissident violence is a part of the peace processes and the conflict transformation?

Answer 41

Cochrane 2012

Question 42

the economic downturn aid and increasing the presence of dissident violence?

Answer 42

Cochrane 2012

Question 43

which minister stated that northern Ireland is no in a time of peace?

Answer 43

Ian Paisly

Question 44

the conflict resolution is at the elite level moving faster than it is at the grass roots level?

Answer 44

Cochrane 2012

Question 45

the peace process has different meaning to different participates as a result of?

Answer 45

the different views of the causes of the conflict - O'Kane 2013

Question 46

post GFA what were the attitudes towards the agreement?

Answer 46

initially positive (constructive ambiguity) then there was increased dissatifiaction (as these materialised - O'Kane 2013

Question 47

in fact one of the most notable features of the peace agreement is how messy it has been.

Answer 47

O'Kane