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Gross Anatomy Exam 4 > Nose > Flashcards

Nose Flashcards

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1
Q

Bony nasal aperture

A

Rostral opening of the nose

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2
Q

Nostrils aka?

A

Nares

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3
Q

Philtrum

A

Separates nostrils from each other

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4
Q

Apex of nose is what type of epidermis?

A

Thickened cornified epidermis

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5
Q

Glands in apex of nose

A

None in dog

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6
Q

Surface of nasal plane is moistened by?

A

Secretion of lateral nasal gland

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7
Q

What is nasal cartilage?

A

Support of external nose → moveable

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8
Q

5 nasal cartilages

A
  1. Septal c. of nose
  2. Dorsolateral nasal c.
  3. Ventrolateral nasal c.
  4. Lateral accessory nasal c.
  5. Medial accessory nasal c.
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9
Q

Septal c. of nose

A

Perpendicular medial plate separating most of nasal cavity into right and left nasal fossae

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10
Q

Dorsolateral nasal c.

A

Most expansive c. in mobile part of external nose → joins dorsal part of bony nasal aperture caudally

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11
Q

Ventrolateral nasal c.

A

Continuation of rostral lateral half of septal c. → rostrally runs into apex of nose

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12
Q

Lateral accessory nasal c.

A

Supports nostril ventrally

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13
Q

Medial accessory nasal c.

A

Arises from ventral nasal concha and ventrolateral nasal c. → extends rostrally inside alar fold

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14
Q

2 lig. of nose

A
  1. Dorsal nasal lig.

2. Lateral nasal lig.

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15
Q

Which lig. of nose is paired?

A

Lateral nasal lig. (one of each side)

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16
Q

Ligs. of nose run from ___ to?

A

Dorsolateral nasal c. → nasal b. (dorsal or lateral surfaces)

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17
Q

Nasal cavity extends from ___ to ?

A

Nostrils → chonae

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18
Q

Parts of nasal cavity

A
  1. Nasal septum
  2. Nostril
  3. Nasal vestibule
  4. Nasal conchae
  5. Nasal meatuses
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19
Q

3 portions of nasal cavity

A
  1. Osseous portion
  2. Rostral and cd. cartilagenous portions
  3. Membranous portion
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20
Q

Borders of osseous portion of nasal septum

A

Caudally: ethmoid b.

Dorsally: frontal and nasal b.

Ventrally: vomer b.

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21
Q

Which cartilaginous portion of nasal cavity is movable?

A

Rostral

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22
Q

Origin of cd. cartilaginous portion of nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid b.

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23
Q

Nostril is wider ____

A

Dorsomedialy than ventrollateraly

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24
Q

Wing of nostrils contains?

A

Much of dorsolateral and accessory nasal cc.

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25
Q

Most mobile portion of nostril

A

Wing of nostrils

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26
Q

Nasal vestibule is the common opening for the?

A
  1. External nose
  2. Nasolacrimal duct
  3. Duct of the lateral nasal gland
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27
Q

Nasal vestibule houses?

A

Alar fold

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28
Q

What is alar fold?

A

Rostral extension of ventral nasal concha

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29
Q

Nasal conchae

A

Cartilagenous (or slightly ossified) scrolls covered by nasal mucosa → occupy most of nasal cavity

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30
Q

3 nasal conchae

A
  1. Dorsal nasal conhae
  2. Ventral nasal conchae
  3. Middle (ethmoidal) nasal conchae
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31
Q

Dorsal nasal concha originates from?

A

Ethmoid crest of nasal b.

32
Q

Dorsal nasal concha extends from ? to ?

A

Cribiform plate → nasal vestibule

33
Q

Dorsal nasal concha is formed by?

A

First endoturbinate

34
Q

Longest concha in domestic mammals

A

Dorsal nasal concha

35
Q

Ventral nasal conch originates from?

A

Conchal crest of maxilla

36
Q

Ventral nasal concha extends from ? to ?

A

1st premolar tooth → 3rd premolar tooth

37
Q

Ventral nasal concha is arranged in?

A

Many longitudinal folds which unite rostrally to form alar fold

38
Q

Ethmoidal nasal concha aka?

A

Middle nasal concha

39
Q

What fills cd. part of nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoidal (middle) nasal conchae

40
Q

Ethmoid nasal concha is formed by?

A

Second endotrubinate

41
Q

Ethmoidal nasal choncha is part of?

A

Ethmoidal labyrinth

42
Q

Endoturbinates fill?

A

Nasal cavity

43
Q

Ectoturbinates fill?

A

Frontal sinus

44
Q

Ethmoidal labyinth are outgrowth of?

A

Ethmoid b. covered with nasal mucosa

45
Q

All ethmoidal labyrinths are attached to?

A

External lamina and cribiform plate of ethmoid b.

46
Q

The major conchae divide the nasal cavity into what 3 nasal meatuses?

A
  1. Dorsal nasal meatus
  2. Middle nasal meatus
  3. Ventral nasal meatus
47
Q

Dorsal nasal meatus is the passage between?

A

Nasal b. (ventral surface) → dorsal nasal concha

48
Q

Dorsal nasal cavity leads directly to?

A

Fundus of nasal cavity

49
Q

Middle nasal meatus is the passage between?

A

Dorsal and ventral nasal conchae

50
Q

Middle nasal meatus communicates ith?

A

Paranasal sinuses

51
Q

Ventral nasal meatus is the passage between?

A

Ventral nasal conchae → hard palate (dorsal surface)

52
Q

Main pathway for airflow

A

Ventral nasal meatus

53
Q

Clinical correlation of ventral nasal meatus

A
  1. Nasogastric tube

2. Endoscope

54
Q

Nasogastric tube and endoscope are both pointed?

A

Medially and ventrally

55
Q

Ventral nasal meatus leads into?

A

Nasopharyngeal meatus

56
Q

Nasopharyngeal meatus extends between?

A

Ventral nasal meatus and chonae

57
Q

Which wall of nasopharyngeal meatus is longer?

A

Lateral > medial

58
Q

Borders of nasopharyngeal meatus

A

Dorsal: ethmoid b. (transverse lamina)

Lateral: maxilla

Medial: vomer

Ventral: palatine b. (horizontal lamina)

59
Q

Nasopharyngeal meatus leads into?

A

Nasopharynx

60
Q

What is the common nasal meatus?

A

Longtidunal space on either side of nasal septum

61
Q

Common nasal meatus communicates with?

A

All other nasal meatus

62
Q

What are paranasal sinuses?

A

Air-filled cavities between external and internal lamina of bb. of skull

63
Q

3 paranasal sinuses

A
  1. Frontal sinus
  2. Sphenoid sinus
  3. Maxilary recess
64
Q

Frontal sinus is located where?

A

Rostral 2/3 of frontal b.

65
Q

Compartments of frontal sinus

A
  1. Lateral
  2. Medial
  3. Rostral
66
Q

Largest compartment of frontal sinus

A

Lateral

67
Q

Smallest compartment of frontal sinus

A

Medial

68
Q

The 3 components of the paranasal sinuses do/do not communicate with each other

A

Do not

69
Q

Each compartment of the paranasal sinus opens separately into?

A

Nasal cavity via space between 2nd and 3rd ectoturbinates

70
Q

Sphenoid sinus

A

Larger in cat (very small or not present in dog) → contains part of endoturbinate IV

71
Q

What is a recess?

A

Something with is not an air-filled cavity between external and internal lamina of skull bb.

72
Q

Borders of maxilla

A

Lateral: maxilla, lacrimal and palatine bb.

Medial: ethmoidal b. (orbital plate)

73
Q

Does size of maxillary recess vary with increasing age of animal?

A

Does not

74
Q

Nasomaxillary opening is the connection between ? and?

A

Middle nasal meatus → maxilary recess

75
Q

Nasomaxillary opening is at the level of?

A

Carnassial tooth

Gross Anatomy Exam 4 (17 decks)

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