*Not Finished* Second Orthotics Mock Exam Flashcards
(149 cards)
1
Q
Maximum Dorsiflexion occurs during which phase of gait? a. Heel off b. toe off c. accleration d. mid-swing e. push-off
A
Answer coming soon
2
Q
A single cycle of gait is defined as the time… a. from heel off of one foot to heel off of the other. b. from heel off of one foot to push off of the same foot. c. from heel off of one foot to heel strike of the other. d. from heel off of one foot to heel strike of the same foot. e. from contralateral reciprocation of the forefoot weight time.
A
Answer coming soon
3
Q
During which phase of gait are the hip extensors most active? a. mid-stance b. heel-strike to foot flat c. push to mid-swing d. deceleration e. foot flat to mid-stance
A
Answer coming soon
4
Q
At what phase of gait is medial lateral stability of the knee most important? a. mid-swing b. acceleration c. mid-stance d. foot flat e. free fall
A
Answer coming soon
5
Q
In measuring for a quadrilateral brim, what is the most important measurement? a. inguinal ligament to posterior b. medial lateral and base scarpa triangle c. anteroposterior and horizontal projection of scarpa triangle d. thigh circumference divided by 2 plus 1 1/2 in e. anteroprosterior and medial lateral
A
Answer coming soon
6
Q
What comprises the scarpa triangle? a. sartorius, rectus femoris, inguinal ligament b. sartorius, adductor magnus, inguinal ligament c. sartorius, femoral artery, rectus abdominus d. sartorius, inguinal ligament, adductor longus e. anterior, lateral, proximal thigh
A
Answer coming soon
7
Q
What is the best position for managing the chronically dislocating gleno-humeral joint? a. internally rotated and flexed slightly b. abducted and internally rotated c. abducted and externally rotated d. abducted to at least 70 degrees e. abducted to 50 degrees and compressed
A
Answer coming soon
8
Q
The oblique diameter of a patients malleoli is 3 5/8 in (90mm). What should the inside dimension of the ankle joint be? a. 3 7/8 in (96mm) b. 4 1/16 in (101mm) c. 3 15/16 in (99mm) d. 4 1/4 in (106mm) e. 4 3/16 in (105mm)
A
Answer coming soon
9
Q
A hemiplegic patient presents with zero hip extensors, fair quadriceps, zero calf. Which of the following would you recommend? a. HKAFO b. KAFO c. AFO with dorsiflexion assist d. AFO with plantarflexion restraint e. No recommendation
A
Answer coming soon
10
Q
The 20 year old female patient presents with flaccid anterior compartment and medial lateral instability in her right lower limb. Which of the following would you recommend? a. conventional AFO with dorsiflexion restraint b. polypropylene AFO with trim anterior to the malleoli c. McAushland brace d. conventional AFO with gerdmore mechanism e. Spiral AFO
A
Answer coming soon
11
Q
Which muscle most clostely duplicates the function of the anterior tibialis? a. posterior tibialis b. peroneus longus c. extensor digitorium d. peroneus tertius e. extensor hallicus longus
A
Answer coming soon
12
Q
Which of the following is a contra-indication for a spiral AFO? a. periphera nerve type of injury b. weak hip flexors c. edema with frequent volume changes d. mild spasticity e. Guillain-barre
A
Answer coming soon
13
Q
Why is a Milwaukee brace carefully molded superior to the iliac crests? a. assist in reducing lordosis b. assist in pelvic derotation c. to avoid bony landmarks d. prevent distal migration e. cosmesis
A
Answer coming soon
14
Q
What level of paraplegia seldom gets braced? a. C5 b. T6 c. T12 d. L1 e. L5
A
Answer coming soon
15
Q
Bunnell (cock-up) splints are frequently used for… a. quadriplegia b. burns c. hemiplegia d. trauma e. arthritis
A
Answer coming soon
16
Q
What structure assists the deltoid in gleno humeral abductions? a. latissimus dorsi b. rhomboid c. rotator cuff d. pectoralis minor e. coraco brachialis
A
Answer coming soon
17
Q
An orthotic patient’s wrist is positionioned in ulnar deviation and flexion. you should try to reposition the patient’s wrist… a. in slight radial deviation b. in 30 degrees extension c. in slight flexion d. in slight flexion and slight radial deviation e. in slight flexion, maintain ulnar deviation
A
Answer coming soon
18
Q
Which of the following is often the result of an irregular birth? a. gower’s sign b. down syndrome c. schmorl’s nodes d. Erb’s palsy e. heterotopic ossification
A
Answer coming soon
19
Q
Which of the following is an inflammation of the outer covering of the spinal cord and/or brain? a. cerebral palsy b. tuberculosis c. melanoma d. meningitis e. pleuritis
A
Answer coming soon
20
Q
What is the primary target organ in rheumatoid arthritis? a. bone b. cartilage c. synovium d. ligaments e. collagen
A
Answer coming soon
21
Q
Which of the following best describes a small lubricant filled sac which if removed results in an increase in friction? a. schmorl’s nodes b. nucleus pulposis c. ganglia d. bursa e. synacone
A
Answer coming soon
22
Q
In an LSO what is the superior margin of the paraspinal bars? a. the inferior angle of the scapula b. one inch inferior angle of the scapula c. the spine of the scapula d. T7 e. halfway between the inferior angle and spine of the scapula
A
Answer coming soon
23
Q
What is the superior margin of the paraspinal bars in a Taylor TLSO? a. L1 b. spine of the scapula c. inferior angle of the scapula d. halfway between spine and inferior angle of the scapula e. superior angle of the scapula
A
Answer coming soon
24
Q
The superior portion of the Milwaukee CTLSO should be carefully fabricated so as to… a. avoid excessive pressure on the chin b. avoid excessive pressure on the mandibular angle c. avoid excessive pressure on the xyphoid process d. avoid excessive pressure on the ulnar styloid e. maintain distraction of the cervical spine.
A
Answer coming soon
25
In an attempt to restore upper limb function to a C5 complete quadriplegic, which orthosis should you recommend? a. WHO b. WHO C-bar c. HO d. WDWHO (flexor hinge) e. WHO with externally powered wrist and/or prehension
Answer coming soon
26
In an attempt to restore upper limb funtion to a C6 complete quadriplegic, which orthosis should you recommend? a. WHO b. WHO with C-bar c. HO d. WDWHO (flexor hinge) e. WHO with externally powered wrist and/or prehension
Answer coming soon
27
For a median nerve injury at the wrist which is the most appropriate orthosis? a. WHO b. HO c. WHO with C-bar d. WHO with thumb post e. HO with thumb post
Answer coming soon
28
What structure is at the distal end of the humerus? a. olecrenon b. capitate c. coronoid d. epiphysis e. epicondyle
Answer coming soon
29
Primary function of brachioradialis is... a. gleno-humeral flexion b. elbow flexion c. elbow flexion and forearm supination d. glenohumeral flexion and elbow flexion
Answer coming soon
30
The secondary function of the biceps brachii is... a. pronation b. supination c. gleno-humeral extension d. elbow protraction e. glenohumeral adduction
Answer coming soon
31
The primary function of the brachialis is... a. supination b. pronation c. elbow flexion d. elbow flexion and supination e. elbow flexion and pronation
Answer coming soon
32
In addition to the deltoid, the axillary nerve innervates the... a. pronator teres b. teres major c. supriaspinatus d. teres minor e. rhomboids
Answer coming soon
33
Which of the following compliments the deltoid in performing glenohumeral abduction? a. rotator cuff b. triangular ligament c. subclavius d. pectoralis major-calvicular head e. levator scapulae
Answer coming soon
34
Which of the following is a contra-indication for a plastic AFO? a. weak dorsiflexors b. subtalor instability c. flaccid peroneus tertius d. weak calf e. deep peroneal nerve injury
Answer coming soon
35
Which orthosis would you recommend to a mid-humerus Fx which included injury to the radial nerve? a. WHO with wrist flexion assist b. WHO with thumb extension assist c. WHO with thumb extension and finger extension assist d. WHO with wrist, thumb, and finger extension assist e. HO with thumb and finger extension assist
Answer coming soon
36
Which best describes the purpose of the thumb post? a. positioning for lateral prehension b. positioning circumduction c. adduction stop d. abduction stop e. positioning for palmar prehension
Answer coming soon
37
In picking up an object from a table what is the best position of the wrist? a. 5 degrees flexion b. 10 degrees extension c. 35 degrees flexion d. 30 degrees extension e. 10 degrees flexion with 15 degrees ulnar deviation
Answer coming soon
38
Which of the following does not contribute to spinal extension? a. erector spinae b. quadrutus lumborum c. levator scapulae d. lateral abdominus obliques e. latissimus dorsi
Answer coming soon
39
Which of the following best describes the orthotic objective of the UCBL FO? a. compress talo-navicular joint b. align mid-tarsal articulation c. redirect metatarsal forces over larger area d. diminish calcaneus ML instability e limit sagittal motion of calcaneus
Answer coming soon
40
A patient wearing a Dennis Brown orthosis exhibits undesirable eversion, you should... a. contour the crossmember concave to the patient to pronate the feet. b. contour the crossmember convex to the patient to pronate the feet. c. contour the crossmember concave to the patient to supinate the feet. d. contour the crossmember convex to the patient to supinate the feet. e. contour the sidebar to promote inversion.
Answer coming soon
41
Which of the following is the best means to accommodate valgus in a patient's lower limb? a. extend the medial stirrup extension b. extend the lateral stirrup extension c. medial wedge d. scaphoid pad e. slight internal rotation in orthosis
Answer coming soon
42
Which muscle flexes the middle phalanx? a. flexor communis b. flexor digitii brevis c. flexor digitorum profundus d. flexor digitorum sublimis e. flexor palmaris
Answer coming soon
43
Abduction and adduction occurs in the... a. sagittal plane b. coronal plane c. transverse plane d. horizontal plane e. oblique plane
b. Coronal plane
44
Abduction and adduction occurs in the hand at the... a. carpal-metacarpal joint b. carpal phalangeal joint c. metacarpal-phalangeal joint d. proximal interphalngeal joint e. distal interphalangeal joint
Answer coming soon
45
Loss of the opponens pollicis is the result of an injury to the... a. median nerve b. axillary nerve c. radial nerve d. ulnar nerve e. carpus nerve
Answer coming soon
46
The primary purpose of a C-bar is... a. opponens assist b. opponens stop c. adduction stop d. abduction stop e. abduction assist
Answer coming soon
47
The distal edge of the C-bar should... a. fall 3mm (1/8 in) proximal to the nail bed b. fall 3mm (1/8 in) distal to the nail bed c. cover the planus articularis d. extend just distal to the pollicis IP e. extend just proximal to the pollicis IP
Answer coming soon
48
The superior surface of the atlas articulates with the... a. odontoid process b. axis c. CI d. Biceptal articularis e. mandibular angle
Answer coming soon
49
Spondylolisthesis is a condition best described as... a. anterior displacement of SI with respect to L5 b. par articulares Fx c. Superior facet subluxation d. anterior displacement of L5 with respect to SI e. Lateral-anterior migration of L5-S1 disc
d. anterior displacement of L5 with respect to SI
50
In order to treat kyphosis with a Milwaukee TLSO the pads should be placed... a. anteriorly b. posteriorly c. 2 ribs below the lateral curvature d. 2 ribs above the lateral curvature e. laterally 2cm below scoliotic apex
Answer coming soon
51
The optimum hip angle of the patient during casting for a Milwakee TLSO is... a. hyperextension b. full flexion c. slight flexion d. flexion commensurate with minimum lordosis e. not pertinent
Answer coming soon
52
The pelvic band for an LSO or TLSO should... a. overlap the greater trochanters b. fall just distal to the greater trochanter c. be fitted superior (3mm) to the iliac crest d. lie halfway between the inferior costal margin and the iliac crest e. lie halfway between the iliac crest and the greater trochanter
Answer coming soon
53
The axis of rotation of the hip joint can be located... a. anterior/posterior to the greater trochanter b. anterior/superior to the greater trochanter c. posterior/superior to the greater trochanter d. anterior/inferior to the greater trochanter e. posterior/inferior to the greater trochanter
Answer coming soon
54
What is the most frequently fit lumbosacral orthosis in the United States? a. taylor b. knight c. chairback d. corset e. milwaukee
Answer coming soon
55
In fabricating a PTB type of orthosis, it is necessary to carefully form the material in the popliteal area to a. produce adequate anteriorly directed force b. promote quadriceps c. avoid pressure against the posterior tibial artery d. allow for frequent volume changes e. maintain destimulation of the gogi tendon appartus
Answer coming soon
56
Which of the following is not an upper motor neuron injury? a. multiple sclerosis b. cerebral palsy c. spinal injury d. diabetes neuropathy e. cerebro-vascular accident
Answer coming soon
57
As an orthotist your primary concern with a spinal injury patient is... a. distribution of impaired/loss sensation b. skin sensitivity to pressure c. heterotopic ossification d. autonomic dysreflexia e. spasticity
Answer coming soon
58
What nerve is most likely affected on a patient with a foot drop? a. femoral nerve b. obturator nerve c. tibial nerve e. medial plantar nerve
Answer coming soon
59
Aponeurosis is a a. flat tendon b. thin tendinous sheath c. ligamentous expanse d. membrane dividing muscle masses e. lining between joint capsule and synovium
a. flat tendon
60
The sensory distribution of the spinal nerves is a. dorsal b. anterior c. ventral d. autonomic e. regangliated
Answer coming soon
61
What is the affect of fitting a KAFO on a patient with insufficient external rotation? a. inversion b. pronation c. eversion d. supination e. pes planus forces
Answer coming soon
62
The main reason for using a WHO instead of a HO is... a. positioning the wrist b. intrinsic paralysis c. more support for the palmar arch d. palcing the lumbrical bar
Answer coming soon
63
The serratus anterior performs what action? a. adduction and upward rotation b. abduction and upward rotation c. adduction and elevation d. shoulder extension
Answer coming soon
64
The HO controls... a. palmer arch and thumb position b. radial deviation c. first dorsal interosseous d. longitudinal arch and carpal tunnel
Answer coming soon
65
Adduction and Abduction occurs in... a. coronal plane b. transverse plane c. sagittal plane d. both a and c
a. coronal plane
66
MP flexion and IP extension are performed primarily by the... a. flexordigitorum profundus and subliminus b. interossei and lumbricales c. opponens pollicis
Answer coming soon
67
When taking plaster bandage impressions for upper limb orthoses... a. align the first MP join to the fifth b. align the second MP joint posterior to the first c. align the second MP joint anterior to the third d. cast the hand in the presented position
Answer coming soon
68
A mobile base of support for the arm is... a. scapula b. navicular c. sternum d. latissimus dorsi
Answer coming soon
69
The muscle that can flex, abduct, extend, and support the shoulder joint is... a. latissimus dorsi b. subscapularis c. biceps brachii d. deltoid
Answer coming soon
70
Flaccid paralysis is most often seen in a. upper motor neuron injuries b. central nervous system injuries c. oppose the opponens bar d. adduct the second MP joint
Answer coming soon
71
A second MP abduction spring assist is used to a. abduct the second MP joint b. flex the third phalanx c. oppose the opponens bar d. adduct the second MP joint.
Answer coming soon
72
The MP extension stop should be placed... a. halfway between the PIP and DIP joints b. over the PIP joints c. just proximal to the PIP joints d. Behind the first MP joint
Answer coming soon
73
Match the letter with the correct number... a. gleno-humeral joint b. ortho c. wrist extensors d. wrist flexors e. MP joint f. dorsal interossei g. volar interossei h. os i. coronal j. sagittal 1. to straighten 2. dorsal forearm surface 3. abduct MP joint 4. front and back halves 5. shoulder 6. adduct MP joint 7. volar forearm surface 8. knuckles 9. right and left halves 10. bone
Answer coming soon
74
A dynamic IP extension assist with an MP stop should be used... a. if patient has weakness of the lumbricals b. if patient is unable to extend fingers at MP joint c. if patient hyperextends at MP joint d. if patient is unable to extend fingers at MP and IP joints.
c. if patient hyperextends at MP joint
75
Ideally, how soon after injury should a quadriplegic patient be fitted with an upper limb orthosis? a. while the patient is on a Stryker frame b. six weeks c. six months d. one year
Answer coming soon
76
Extension of the proximal phalanx at the MP joint is produced by... a. the long extensor b. the long extensor and interossei c. long extensor and lumbricales d. b and C combined
Answer coming soon
77
The mobile segment of the transverse arch of the hand is formed by the metacrapals... a. 3-4 b. 1-2-3 c. 1-4-5 d. 1-5
Answer coming soon
78
The middle of the long finger has... a. 2 volar and dorsal interossei b. 2 dorsal interossei and a volar inerossei c. 2 volar interossei and a lumbrical d. 2 dorsal and one ulnar lumbrical e. 2 dorsal interossei and one radial lumbrical
Answer coming soon
79
Upward rotation of the scapula is produced by... a. the upper and middle segments of the trapeziud and serratus b. anterior c. the upper trapexius and latissimus dorsi d. the levator scapulae and the serratus anterior
Answer coming soon
80
Plaster of paris is the anhydrous form of a naturally occuring mineral called? a. gneiss b. gypsum c. golgi d. garnet
b. gypsum
81
The second MP joint is abducted by the... a. 1st palmar interosseus b. 1st dorsal interosseus c. 2nd palmar interosseus d. 2nd dorsal interosseus
Answer coming soon
82
Regarding the plaster bandage... a. it should be wetted with warm water b. it should be wetted with cool water c. water temperature depends on how fast or slowly you want it to set d. water temperature depends on the brand of elastic plaster you are using.
c. water temperature depends on how fast or slowly you want it to set
83
what is the etiology of a disease? a. the functional change that occurs b. the study of the cause of the disease c. that which distinguishes one disease from another d. the ultimate result of the disease
Answer coming soon
84
Which movements occur at both the elbow and should er joints? a. abduction and flexion b. circumduction and flexion c. abduction circumduction and flexion d. extension and flexion
Answer coming soon
85
The space between an axon and a dendrite is called a... a. syncope b. synonum c. syllogism d. synapse
Answer coming soon
86
A patient with a leison located in the ________ would probably be aphasic. a. central nervous system b. peripheral nervous system c. right brain lobe d. left brain lobe
Answer coming soon
87
The technique for donning and doffing a particular orthosis should be discussed with... a. the physician b. the patient c. the patient's family d. the nursing staff e. all of the above
Answer coming soon
88
Which of the following is not part of a typical nerve cell? a. flagella b. dendrite c. axon d. nucleus
Answer coming soon
89
Spastic paralysis may result from... a. spinal cord injury b. brain injury c. injury to the cauda equina d. peripheral nerve injury e. a and b f. b and d g. c only
Answer coming soon
90
The gelatenous center of a spinal disc is called the... a. annulus fibrosus b. body c. ephiphysis d. nucleus pulposus
Answer coming soon
91
The lumbar spine consists of how many vertebrae? a. 3 b. 5 c. 2 d. 4
b. 5
92
With a distrupction in th elower motor neuron, what kind of response would you expect? a. kinetic response b. flaccid or hypotonic response c. spastic or hypertonic response d. all of the above e. none of the above
Answer coming soon
93
Which of the following is considered an upper motor neuron disorder? a. cerebral palsy b. multiple sclerosis c. polimyelitis d. b and c e. a and b f all of the above.
Answer coming soon
94
When someone has a spinal cord injury at the level of T2-T3 the result is... a. quadriplegia with spasticity b. paraplegia with flaccidity c. paraplegia with neither spasticity nor flaccidity d. quadriplegia with flaccidity e. paraplegia with spasticity
Answer coming soon
95
C1-C2 joint allows... a. extension and flexion b. flexion and rotation c. rotation, flexion, and extension d. none of the above
Answer coming soon
96
The erector spinae muscles are active as... a. flexors of the spine b. lateral flexors of the spine c. extensors of the spine d. both a and b e. both b and c
Answer coming soon
97
The position of the thoracic articular facets are most disadvantagously positioned to allow for... a. rotation b. flexion c. hyperextension d. lateral flexion
Answer coming soon
98
Spondylolisthesis is a condition of the spine that... a. is caused by rotational forces applied to the vertebrae b. shows signs of a forward slipping of the vertebrae over another c. shows, by x-ray, a defect in the spine without forward slipping d. none of the above
Answer coming soon
99
If you have two forces, F1 and F2, acting on a point, what is the resultant force?
a. F3
b. F4
c. F5
d. F6
Answer coming soon
100
A patient has a compression Fx at T12 level. What type of orthosis is best suited for the stabilzation of the Fx?
a. lumbosacral corset
b. dorsalumbar corset
c. anterior control hyperextension orthosis
d. posterior control flexion orthosis
Answer coming soon
101
Scheuerman's Disease typically produces
a. a double major scoliotic curve
b. a thoracic kyphosis
c. extreme lumbar lordosis
d. no adverse effect on the spinal column
Answer coming soon
102
The taylor spinal orthosis would be classified as a
a. AP, ML TLSO
b. AP TLSO
c. P, ML TLSO
d. A, ML TLSO
Answer coming soon
103
The proper length measurement for a Taylor spinal orthosis is...
a. interior scapular angle to inferior edge of sacrum
b. L5-S1 level to scapular spine
c. inferior edge of sacrum to scapular spine
d. none of the above.
Answer coming soon
104
The greatest amount of rotation occurs in...
a. the sacral spine
b. the lumbar spine
c. the thoracic spine
d. July
Answer coming soon
105
A _______________ Orthosis is often used to treat kyphosis
a. Norton Brown
b. Milwaukee
c. McAusland
Answer coming soon
106
What is a Goldthwait's orthosis primary function?
a. a flexion brace
b. an extension brace
c. a sacral stabilizer and anterior compression
Answer coming soon
107
A TLSO (Boston type) is effective in controlling a curve as high as...
a. T5
b. T8
c. L1
Answer coming soon
108
Which muscle or muscle group does not act upon the elbow?
a. biceps brachii
b. triceps brachii
c. brachialis
d. deltoid
Answer coming soon
109
Orthotically speaking, a C6 lesion would best be managed with...
a. a wrist driven flexion hinge orthosis (WDWHO)
b. a short opponens orthosis
c. a long opponens orthosis (WHO) with extended wrist and lumbrical bar
d. a long opponens with outrigger and IP extension assist
Answer coming soon
110
The lumbricals function to...
a. flex the MP joint and extend the IP joints
b. abduct the phalanges
c. extend the IP joints and extend the MP joints
d. Flex the MP joint and Flex the IP joints
a. flex the Mp joint and extend the IP joints
111
The pronator quadratus...
a. flexes elbow and pronates the forearm
b. pronates the forearm
c. flexes wrist and pronates forearm
d. extends wrist and pronates forearm
b. pronates the forearm
112
The motion occuring between the carpal joints provides for what type of joint?
a. hinge
b. glidding
c. saddle
d. rotation
Answer coming soon
113
The proper placement of the distal end of a thumb adduction stop (c-bar) is...
a. at the thumb tip
b. just proximal to the IP joint
c. at the center of the web space
d. none of the above
Answer coming soon
114
The adductors of the scapula include all except...
a. middle trapezius
b. rhomboids
c. atissimus dorsi
d. serratus anterior
Answer coming soon
115
The strength of a muscle is determined by and is directly proportional to...
a. the individual muscle fiber length
b. the specific location of it's insertion and origin
c. the position of the involved joint is in before initiation of muscle activity
d. the cross section of the muscle
Answer coming soon
116
When positioning the wrist for the fitting of a WHO the most functional position would be...
a. slightly flexed
b. fully extended
c. neither flexed nor extended
d. slightly extended
d. slightly extended
117
The thenar musculature is located...
a. on the ulnar side of the hand.
b. at the base of the thumb
c. in the center of the palm
d. on the volar surface of the fingers
Answer coming soon
118
Which of the following would not be classified as a type of hand prehension?
a. spherical
b. cylindical
c. lateral
d. oblique
Answer coming soon
119
The ape hand is characterized by a lesion of what nerve?
a. musculocutaneous
b. radial
c. median
d. ulnar
c. median
120
A "swan neck" deformity refers to...
a. hyperextension of middle joint and flexion of the distal finger joint
b. flexion of both IP joints with hyperextension of the MP joint
c. flexion of the middle joint and hyperextension of the distal finger joint.
d. hyperextension of MP and both finger joints.
a. hyperextension of middle joint and flexion of the distal finger joint
121
A peripheral nerve injury at the wrist of the ulnar nerve would best be braced with
a. a long opponens (WHO) with outrigger
b. wrist driven flexor hinge orthosis (WDWHO)
c. short opponens (HO) with C-bar and opponens bar
d. Short opponens (HO) with MP extension stop (lumbrical bar)
Answer coming soon
122
The proper length of the thumb post is...
a. Just beyond the thumb bed
b. At the center of the IP joint
c. At the MP joint
d. None of the above
Answer coming soon
123
A Volkmann's ischemic contracture is caused by...
a. atrophy caused by disuse
b. nerve damage
c. compromised vascular flow
d. all of the above
Answer coming soon
124
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pertains to the palm of the hand or the foot.
a. ulnar
b. varus
c. volar
d. dorsum
Answer coming soon
125
The inominate bones are joined by another structure known as _____________ thus forming the pelvic girdle.
a. the sacrum
b. ischium
c. the symphysis pubis
d. the iliac crest
Answer coming soon
126
The socket that articulates with the head of the femur is called the...
a. the cubital fossa
b. popliteal fossa
c. coracoid
d. acetabulum
d. acetabulum
127
Which of the following is not a biarticular muscle?
a. semitendinosis
b. biceps femoris
c. soleus
d. gastrocnemius
Answer coming soon
128
A peripheral nerve injury of the peroneal nerve would cause...
a. foot drop and inverted foot
b. an extremely dorsiflexed foot
c. a plantarflexed foot with eversion
d. an everted foot
Answer coming soon
129
Genu varum is a position of the knee joint commonly called....
a. bow-leggedness
b. knock knee
c. normal knee
d. recurvatum
a. bow-leggedness
130
Extensors of the hip include all of the following except...
a. gluteus maximus
b. semitendinosis
c. gluteus medius
d. biceps femoris
c. gluteus medius
131
Which of the following would not be classified as an upper motor neuron disorder?
a. peripheral nerve injury
b. cerebral palsy
c. cerebral vascular accident
d. multiple sclerosis
Answer coming soon
132
A rapid alternating involuntary movement elicited by stretch is known as...
a. spasticity
b. istonic contracture
c. clonus
d. contracture
c. clonus
133
Flat foot is otherwise known as...
a. pes calcaneous
b. pes planus
c. pes equinus
d. pes cavus
b. pes planus
134
A positive trendelenburg sign is given when...
a. there is weakness of the gluteus maximus
b. the non-involved side drops upon weight bearing on the involved side.
c. the involved side drops upon weight bearing on the non-involved side
d. none of the above.
b. the non-involved side drops upon weight bearing on the involved side.
135
When a patient is bed ridden, some of the points to be concerned about are...
a. contractures occurring
b. decubitous ulcers
c. osteoporosis
d. a and b
e. a and c
f. all of the above
Answer coming soon
136
Which means is not a way to correct equinovalgus?
a. scaphoid pad
b. medial heel wedge
c. lateral heel and sole wedge
d. medial t-strap with single or double bar AFO
Answer coming soon
137
The proper location of a knee joint on a KAFO is...
a. at the level of the tibial plateau
b. at the level of the adductor tubercle
c. half the distance between the tibial plateau and the adductor tubercle
d. half the distance between the ankle joint and the superior edge of the proximal thigh band.
c. half the distance between the tibial plateau and the adductor tubercle
138
The ankle joint axis should be located...
a. at the distal border of the medial malleolus
b. at the distal border of the lateral malleolus
c. at the proximal border of the medial malleolus
d. none of the above
Answer coming soon
139
The proper height of the calf band in an AFO is...
a. one inch below the popliteal fossa
b. at the apex of the fibular head
c. 2 inches below the neck of the fibula
d. 20mm distal to the neck of the fibula
d. 20mm distal to the neck of the fibula
140
When putting a heal wedge on the shoe for an AFO or KAFO, the proper place to put the wedge is...
a. between the sole of the shoe and the stirrup
b. between the stirrup and the heel of the shoe
c. on the bottom of the heel
Answer coming soon
141
A KAFO with a 90 degree dorsiflexion ankle stop will...
a. assist in knee stability
b. allow the patient to run
c. provide medial lateral stability
a. assist in knee stability
142
Heel lever arm tends to force knee into flexion...
a. at midstance
b. at heel contact
c. at push off
Answer coming soon
143
The superior tarsal bone articulating with the tibia, the fibula, the calcaneous and navicular is...
a. talus
b. tarsal
c. patella
a. Talus
144
The UCBL foot orthosis will tend to correct...
a. valgus of the knee and ankle
b. varus of the knee and ankle
c. dorsiflexion of the ankle
Answer coming soon
145
At heel strike the ankle will be at _____ degrees, knee at \_\_\_\_\_degrees, hip at \_\_\_\_\_degrees.
a. 90 neutral, 180 full extension, 25 flexion
b. 15 plantarflexion, 20 flexion, 23 flexion
c. 90 neutral, 93 flexion, 12 flexion
Answer coming soon
146
You can control knee flexion in an AFO with...
a. a long tongue stirrup
b. a long tongue stirrup and double action ankle joints with springs
c. a long tongue stirrup and double action ankle joints with pins.
Answer coming soon
147
A rocker sole on a shoe will...
a. make up for leg shortage
b. provide for simulated ankle and toe motion
c. prevent plantarflexion
Answer coming soon
148
Minimum dorsiflexion occurs during which phase of gait?
a. heel off
b. toe off
c. acceleration
d. mid-swing
e. push-off
Answer coming soon
149
