NOTES Flashcards
(113 cards)
<p>Glucosuria is \_\_\_\_ in pregnancy</p>
<p>Glucosuria is normal in pregnancy</p>
<p>High levels of HbA2 + hypochromic anemia suggests \_\_\_\_\_</p>
<p>High levels of HbA2 + hypochromic anemia suggests Thalassemia</p>
<p>Mathe test:</p>
<p>Mathe test: kidney not moving in inspiration in a perinephric abscess.</p>
<p>Adjunctive Tx in resistant depression?</p>
<p>Lithium, 2nd gen antipsychotics, and triiodothyronine are adjunctive Tx in resistant depression.</p>
<p>Screening for ASx bacteuria is done in \_\_\_\_</p>
<p>Screening for ASx bacteuria is done in pregnant, renal transplant, and immunocompromised patients.</p>
<p>Immunization against HBV:</p>
<p>Immunization against HBV: Anti-HBs (+), all the rest are negative</p>
<p>Breast milk is deficient in \_\_\_\_\_</p>
<p>Breast milk is deficient in vitamin D</p>
<p>Freckling in the axila =</p>
<p>Freckling in the axila = neurofibromatosis type 1</p>
<p>Weird, waking, wobbly (Hakim triad):</p>
<p>Weird, waking, wobbly (Hakim triad): Normal pressure hydrocephalus</p>
<p>Management for chronic insomnia.</p>
<p>Cognitive behavioural stress management is the best management for chronic insomnia.</p>
<p>MTDZ and ceftriaxone are contraindicated in breastfeeding women</p>
<p>MTDZ and ceftriaxone are contraindicated in breastfeeding women</p>
<p>HLA-B27 --> PAIR</p>
<p>HLA-B27 --> PAIR Psoriatic arthritis, Ankylosis spondylitis, IBD, Reactive arthritis</p>
<p>Eczema + malabsorption syndrome =</p>
<p>Eczema + malabsorption syndrome = Celiac disease (dx IgA transglutaminase)</p>
<p>PPIs impair the absorption of \_\_\_\_</p>
<p>PPIs impair the absorption of Ca++</p>
<p>Neonate HR < 60 =</p>
<p>Neonate HR < 60 = compressions</p>
<p>Amenorrhea + hypergonadotropism + hypoestrogenism =</p>
<p>Amenorrhea + hypergonadotropism + hypoestrogenism = Premature ovarian failue</p>
<p>Differecnes between Oppositional defiant disorder and Conduct disorder</p>
<p>Oppositional defiant disorder fight authority DO NOT hurt peers. Conduct disorder fight authority AND hurt peers</p>
<p>If stoke while on ASA--> Tx with \_\_\_\_\_</p>
<p>If stoke while on ASA--> Tx with dipyridamole</p>
<p>Corticoid regimes that are more likely to suppress the axis?</p>
<p>Late night doses of corticoid are more likely to suppress the axis</p>
<p>Memory loss, changes in personality, changes in behaviour, aggression --></p>
<p>Memory loss, changes in personality, changes in behaviour, aggression --> encephalitis</p>
<p>Nebulized ipratropium may cause blurred vision</p>
<p>Nebulized ipratropium may cause blurred vision</p>
<p>Alarm signs in irritable bowel is iron deficiency anemia</p>
<p>Alarm signs in irritable bowel is iron deficiency anemia</p>
<p>Medicine wheel:</p>
<p>Medicine wheel: mental, emotional, physical, spiritual</p>
<p>Fragile x:</p>
<p>Fragile x: most common inherited cause of intellectual disability in males. Long forehead, large ears, long face.</p>
Topiramate --> Increase risk of ____
Topiramate --> Increase risk of kidney stones
Late evening doses of corticoids increase the risk of suppressed adrenal secretion
Late evening doses of corticoids increase the risk of suppressed adrenal secretion
GERD should be managed more aggressively in males because an increased incidence of Barret's
GERD should be managed more aggressively in males because an increased incidence of Barret's
____ levels should be normalized before hyperaldo investigations to avoid false-negative results.
K+ levels should be normalized before hyperaldo investigations to avoid false-negative results.
Mitral stenosis is a well-known cause of hemopthysis
Mitral stenosis is a well-known cause of hemopthysis
Management of 2nd or 3rd metatarsal fractures
2nd or 3rd metatarsal fractures are managed with ice, acetaminophen and resting.
Instrumental activities of daily living
Instrumental activities of daily living are not necessary for fundamental living but allow independence. E.g., taking meds, shopping groceries, driving.
Preeclampsia vs gestational HTN
HTN after 20 weeks of gestation + poteinuria = preeclampsia HTN after 20 weeks of gestation - proteinuria = gestational HTN
Erythema nodosum + cough + travelling to wooded area =
Erithema nodosum + cough + traveling to wooded area = histoplasmosis
30% of turner syndrome patients have hypothyroidism.
30% of turner syndrome patients have hypothyroidism.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment of choice is ____. Frist sign of improvement is ______
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment of choice plasma exchange. Frist sign of improvement is improvement of neuro sx.
Achilles tendon rupture --> tx with ______
Achilles tendon rupture --> tx with immobilization x 2 weeks, walking boot and physio
Multiple sclerosis --> detrusor hyperactivity
Multiple sclerosis --> detrusor hyperactivity
_______ are first line tx in asthma
Corticosteroids are first line tx in asthma
LSIL vs ASCUS
LSIL --> Colpo or repeat in 6 months ASCUS --> HPV-DNA or repeat in 6 months
Urethral syndrome
Urethral syndrome: dysuria + pyuria + negative culture. Tx: doxycycline, azithromycin, erythromycin, levofloxacin
Quaternary prevention:
Quaternary prevention: action taken to protect patients from medical interventions that can cause more harm than good. E.g., prevent overmedication and iatrogenic harm
Spherocytosis is treated with _____
Spherocytosis is treated with splenectomy
Avoid antibiotics in E.Choli diarrhea because of risk of release of shiga toxin
Avoid antibiotics in E.Choli diarrhea because of risk of release of shiga toxin
Eisenmerger syndrome has the highest mortality rates for pregnant women.
Eisenmerger syndrome has the highest mortality rates for pregnant women.
Neonate should gain ____ grams per day
Neonate should gain 20-30 grams per day
Estrogen-progesterone challenge not resulting in bleeding =
Estrogen-progesterone challenge not resulting in bleeding = asherman
Pain in the scrotum that is relieved with elevation =
Pain in the scrotum that is relieved with elevation = epididymitis
College teenager with pneumonia =
College teenager with pneumonia = mycoplasma
Allopurinol vs Probenecid
Allopurinol for overproducers. Probenecid is for undersecretors.
Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy
Hydration + HCO3 prevent contrast-induced nephropathy
Pruritus when taking a shower with hot water =
Pruritus when taking a shower with hot water = Polycythemia vera
Niacin increases _____
Niacin increases glucose
Young + hypertension + enlarged kidneys + family hx of early-onset hypertension =
Young + hypertension + enlarged kidneys + family hx of early-onset hypertension = polycystic kidney disease
Velvelt hyperpigmentation =
Velvelt hyperpigmentation = acanthosis nigricans
Clostridioides difficile =
Clostridioides difficile = clostridium difficile
"Frozen shoulder" =
"Frozen shoulder" = adhesive capsulitis
Stoll culture confirms the Dx of botulism
Stoll culture confirms the Dx of botulism
Maternal Varicella IgG protects the baby
Maternal Varicella IgG protects the baby
Azathriopine's side effect is decrease of ___
Azathriopine's side effect is decrease of WBC
____ is the most specific test to diagnose multiple myeloma
Bone marrow Bx is the most specific test to diagnose multiple myeloma
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs secondary to lung diseases like ___
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs secondary to lung diseases like COPD, asthma, sarcoidosis, TBC, cystic fibrosis
PID + sepsis/acute abdomen = Tx?
PID + sepsis/acute abdomen = surgery
Risk factors of transient tachypnea of the newborn.
Maternal diabetes, maternal asthma, smoking, prematurity are risk factors of transient tachypnea of the newborn.
Treatment of epiglotitis
Ceftriaxone is the treatment of epiglotitis
Tx of choise on back pain if NSAIDs don't work
Cyclobenzaprina: Tx of choise on back pain if NSAIDs don't work
Phase with highest drug failure rate?
Phase 2: Highest drug failure rate
Most common cause of lateral knee pain in athletes?
Most common cause of lateral knee pain in athletes is iliotibial band syndrome. Noble test (+)
Verapamil may cause hyperprolactinemia
Verapamil may cause hyperprolactinemia
Megacolon in a patient with ulcerative colitis = tx?
Megacolon in a patient with ulcerative colitis = urgent surgery!
Baby HR < 60 --> next step?
Baby HR < 60 --> compressions
Lithium better than SSRIs in severe personality disorders
Lithium better than SSRIs in severe personality disorders
Take bilateral x-ray of clavicles when suspecting fracture
Take bilateral x-ray of clavicles when suspecting fracture
_______ are tx of choice in fistulizing Chron's
Anti-TNF (e.g., infliximab) are tx of choice in fistulizing Chron's
History of heart-lung transplantation + SOB, wheezing, crackles =
History of heart-lung transplantation + SOB, wheezing, crackles = Bronchiolitis obliterans
____ meniscus tears are more common than ____
Medial meniscus tears are more common than lateral
3-16 week-old baby with conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms =
3-16 week-old baby with conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms = Chlamydia
empiric tx for bacterial infection in neonates?
Ampi+Genta are empiric tx for bacterial infection in neonates.
SNRIs (e.g., Venlafaxine) are a good 2nd choice for depression
SNRIs (e.g., Venlafaxine) are a good 2nd choice for depression
Fixed splitting of S2 is Dx of _____
Fixed splitting of S2 is Dx of atrial septal defect
AAA < 5.5 are only treated conservatively.
AAA < 5.5 are only treated conservatively.
Levodopa/carvidopa dose is _____
Levodopa/carvidopa dose is 1 tab (25/100mg) TID
The immediate cause of death on a certificate:
The immediate cause of death on a certificate: Injury or complication directly producing death.
Anion gap =
Anion gap = Na - (Cl + HCO3)
Omeprazole side effects:
Omeprazole side effects: decreased vit B12 absorption, increased risk of C dif colitis, increased risk of pneumonia, atrophic gastritis, exacerbation of lupus
Brain tumor most common found in ventricular system =
Brain tumor most common found in ventricular system = ependymoma
______ has emerged as the tx of choice for social anxiety disorder
Paroxetina has emerged as the tx of choice for social anxiety disorder
Fothergill sign =
Fothergill sign = when an abdominal mass does not pass midline nor changes its shape with valsalva = rectus sheath hematoma
Antifreeze = ethylene glycol poisoning
Antifreeze = ethylene glycol poisoning
Antifreeze/Ethylene glycol poisoning. Acid-base abnormality
Anion gap metabolic acidosis
Normal anion gap =
Normal anion gap = 8-15
Most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy?
Viral hepatitis
Glasgow coma scale
Eye 4Verbal 5Movement 6
Lung tumor + PTH + keratine pearls =
SCC
Fluoroquinolones = increased risk for Achilles tendon rupture
Fluoroquinolones = increased risk for Achilles tendon rupture
"Snowman in storm" on CxR =
Total anomalous venous return
HTN in pregnancy. Tx?
Labetalol, methyldopa, nifedipine
Henosh-Scholein purpura aka ___
Henosh-Scholein purpura aka IgA vasculitis
Doxycycline is contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd trimester
Doxycycline is contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd trimester
Coag test in Von Willebrand
PT normal, PTT ↑/normal, BT ↑
Hematuria + hemoptisis =
Good-Pasteur syndrome (Dx. anti glomerular Antibodies)
HyperCa++, Renal failure, Anemia, Bone pain, multiple infections
Multiple myeloma
Pneumonia + hypoNa + BCYE culture =
Legionella
Asbolute contraindication of OCPs
Migraine with aura
Liver anzimes in ETOH abuse
↑ALT, ↑↑AST (2 x ALT)
Primary amenorrhea + anosmia + normal anatomy =
Kallman syndrom (hypothalamic deficiency) Tx: GnRH
Kawasaki AKA ________
Kawasaki AKA necrotizing angiitis
Hypocalcemia on ECG
prolonged QT
Hypercalcemia on ECG
shortened QT
Irregularly enhancing mass on CT of brain =
glioblastoma multiforme
Ring-enhancing session on CT of brain =
brain abscess
Primary syphilis is dx with _____
Primary syphilis is dx with dark field microscopy
Right-lower abdominal pail + hyperCa =
ureterolithiasis
__________ are associated with higher than expected BNP levels
Female sex, old age, CKD, cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism, sepsis, HTN are associated with higher than expected BNP levels
