notes that I didn't know- quick review

Question 1

transporter of fat solube vitamins

Answer 1

via protein

Question 2

transporter of water soluble vitamins

Answer 2

via plasma

Question 3

non pro vit A is ____

Answer 3

carotenoids

Question 4

breakdown of B carotene in the S.I via ____ enzyme

Answer 4

B-carotene dioxygenase

Question 5

Night blindness is a deficiency of _____

Answer 5

11 cis retinal

Question 6

Vit A deficiency will deplete ___ in the retina

Answer 6

retinyl ester

Question 7

Retinal is bound to ____ and needs the mineral ___ to bind

Answer 7

bound to RENTINAL BINDING PROTEIN

need: Zn+

Question 8

fxn of retinoic acid

Answer 8

differentiation of cells in cornea and conjunctiva

Question 9

2 supp forms of Vit A

Answer 9

Retinyl palmitate

retinyl acetate

Question 10

Rhodopsin = ____ + ____

Answer 10

11 cis retinal + opsin

Question 11

An insufficient intake of Vit A will cause ____

Answer 11

Protein NRG malnutrition (PEM)

Question 12

3 sx of Deficiency of Vit A

Answer 12

xeropthalmia
keratinization (toad skin)
follicular hyperkeratosis

Question 13

Excess Vit A will cause ___ in fetal development

Answer 13

hydroencephalitis

Question 14

Name the castcade of VitD3 formation

Answer 14

7-dehydrocholesterol –> cholecalciferol –> (liver) 25- hydroxy. –> (BAF- kidney) 1,25 (OH)2D

Question 15

Vit D BAF

Answer 15

1,25 (OH)2D

Question 16

Name Ca+ binding protein :____

FXN of it:____

Answer 16

Calbindin

stim. by : kidney 1,25(OH)2D
FXN: reabsorption of Ca+2 from the urine

Question 17

How does PTH help low serum levels of VitD

Answer 17

Low serum level of VitD –> trigger PTH–> 1-hydroxylase –> form more 1,25 (OH)2D –> release Ca+2 into serum

Question 18

High serum levels cause 1,25(OH)2D to be broken down into _____

Answer 18

24,25 (OH)2D by 24- hydroxylase

Question 19

fxn of Calcitonin with Vit D

Fxn of calbindin with Vit D

Answer 19

calcitonin : decr serum Ca+2 levels

Calbindin: incr erum Ca+2 levels

Question 20

(3) sx of excess VitD

Answer 20

Polyuria
polydipsia (vit D controls Insulin levels)
Ca+2 of soft tis

Question 21

(2) vitamers of Vit E

Answer 21

(4) tocopherol
(4) tocotrienol

d-form

Question 22

(4) fxn of Vit E

Answer 22

antioxidation
CoQ
Cytochrome P-450
Malondialldhyde

Question 23

location of vit B

Answer 23

mitocondria

Question 24

absorption of Vit E is ___

Storage location____

Answer 24

passive

adipose

Question 25

deficiency of Vit E is : ____

Answer 25

abetalipoproteinemia | -- there is no B-apoprotein

Question 26

K1: ___ K2: __ K3: ____

Answer 26

K1: green veggies K2: fermented K3: drug

Question 27

endogenous form of Vit K is made in the ___

Answer 27

large intestines

Question 28

coenyme for vit K its fxn:____

Answer 28

gamma-glutamic carboxylase fxn: binds Ca+2 to bone

Question 29

Which two vit are needed to make "carboxylases"

Answer 29

Vit B7 | Vit K

Question 30

Mineral needed for Vit K

Answer 30

Mg+ | vitA needs Zn+

Question 31

Excess Vit K causes (3)

Answer 31

hemolysis hyperbilirubinemia K interference w/ CoQ (vit E)

Question 32

Excess K will interfer with ____

Answer 32

CoQ (vitE)

Question 33

Lipids ___ fat soluble vit. absorption

Answer 33

incr

Question 34

Vit A incr receptors for ___

Answer 34

1,25 (OH)2D | and enhances it

Question 35

Vit E & ____ enhance each other & are antioxidants

Answer 35

Se

Question 36

Major micronutrients :____mg per day | trace micronutrients:_____mg per day

Answer 36

major >100mg Trace<100mg

Question 37

(4) major micronutrients

Answer 37

Ca+2, P, Na, K

Question 38

def: ______: body part measurement

Answer 38

anthropometry

Question 39

fat digestion occurs in the ____ | by the ___ enzyme

Answer 39

location: SI by the : pancreatic lipase