Unit 5 vit B

Question 1

B1 active form (1)

Answer 1

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

Question 2

main fxn of thiamine

Answer 2

nrg

Nerve& Muscle integrity & fxn
Syn of Lipids:
Syn of Nucleic Acid

Question 3

dx caused by deficiency of B1

Answer 3

Beriberi

Question 4

difference btw wet beriberi and dry beriberi

Answer 4

• Adult: “wet” beriberi → affects the heart and lungs
  
  • Causes edema, breathing difficulty, tachycardia, CHF, heath
• Adult “Dry” beriberi: → affects peripheral N’s
  
  • Cause: NO EDEMA,eye rigidity w/ nystagmus, M weakness, → bed ridden → die of infection

Question 5

deficiency in B1 can cause cc______: numbness, tingling, mental confusion, coma

Answer 5

polyneuropathy

Question 6

vitamer of B2

Answer 6

riboflavin

Question 7

BAF of B2

Answer 7

FMN: oxidizing agent → can do 1 or 2 e- transfers
FMNH2
FAD: accepts and donates e-‘s . it is riboflavin attached to ADP
FADH2

Question 8

What is the main form of riboflavin in cells

Answer 8

FMN

Question 9

What is the cofactor for FAD

Answer 9

succinate dehydrogenase

Question 10

name 3 flavoproteins

Answer 10

glutathione reductase- antioxidation
Monoamine oxidase - metab. of NT
Xanthine oxidase- purine nucleotide metabolism

Question 11

vit B__ syn sphingosine → sphinolipods

Answer 11

B2

Question 12

deficiency sx of VitB\_\_ : 
Dermatisis: breaking open of the skin in the face
•	cheilosis 
•	glossitis
•	angular stomatitis 
•	nose
Lacrimation & photophobia

Answer 12

riboflavin Vit B2

Question 13

vitamers of B3

Answer 13

Niacin = Nicotinic acid 
Niacinamide= Nicotinamide

Question 14

BAF of niacin

Answer 14

NAD/ NADH

NADP/ NADPH

Question 15

What (5) cycles is niacin a part of

Answer 15

• glycolysis
• pyruvate → acetyl CoA
• Kreb cycle
• B-oxidation of FFA
• PPP

Question 16

B3 syn the lipid ___

Answer 16

NADPH

Question 17

name the dx the a deficiency B3 causes & sx

Answer 17

pellagra

Dermatitis: casal’s necklace, inflamed lips/tongue
Diarrhea
Dementia
Death

Question 18

Excess of niacin will cause a ____ release that causes flushing, allergies, aggresive peptic ulcers

Answer 18

Histamine release

Question 19

vitamer of B5

Answer 19

Pantothenic acid

Question 20

BAF of B5

Answer 20

CoASH (covered in liver)

Question 21

B5 produces CoA for what three transactions

Answer 21

pyruvate –> acetyl CoA (pre-kreb)

a-ketogluterate–> succinyl-CoA (krebs)

b-oxidation of FA (acyl-CoA)

Question 22

name (3) lipids that are syn by B5

Answer 22

acetyle-CoA (pre-kreb)
acyl-CoA (b-oxidation)
acyl-carrier protein (ACP) of FA synthase

Question 23

VitB__ Syn of AcH and porphyrin (in Hg)

Answer 23

B5

Question 24

(3) vitamers of VitB6

Answer 24

Pyridoxine
Pyridoxal
Pyridoxamine

Question 25

BAF of B6

Answer 25

Pyridoxal phosphate (B6PO4)

Question 26

What BAF makes a coenzyme for deamination of AA to form ketoacids for NRG

Answer 26

B6: pyridoxal phosphate

Question 27

``` Coenzymes for Vit B__ fxn to: • biosyn of AA by transamination • tryptophan produces → niacin • heme from succinyl-CoA • serine can make → glycine and sphingosine from left over AA ```

Answer 27

VitB 6: pyridoxine

Question 28

Vit B ___ : decarboxylation of glutamic acid → GABA

Answer 28

Vit B6

Question 29

deficiency of VitB 6 causes (2) sx

Answer 29

* Iron-Loading Microcytic anemia: Less heme → less Fe+2 → less O2 carrying capacity of blood → microcytic RBC * Convulsion

Question 30

how can a deficiency in Vit B6 cause pellagra (B3)

Answer 30

VitB 6 is a coenzyme for tryptophan no tryptophan = decrease niacin = pellagra

Question 31

toxicity of B6 can cause infantile ___

Answer 31

seizures

Question 32

toxicity of B6 can reduce the efficacy of ___ for parkinsons

Answer 32

L-DOPA Pyridoxal phosphate (B6PO4) → increases peripheral metab. Of L-DOPA

Question 33

BAF of vit B7

Answer 33

biotin

Question 34

# Fill in the blank: Vit B7 1. _______→ succinyl –CoA→ Kreb cycle Gluconeogenesis: 2. ________→ pyruvate to oxaloacetate Syn of FA: 3. _______→ acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA Syn of nucleic acids: 4. formation of _______ (from pyrimidine & purine)

Answer 34

1. propionyl carboxylase 2. pyruvate carboxylase 3. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 4. carbamoyl phosphate

Question 35

There is no dietary deficiencies for Biotin, but secondary cc that can cause B7 def: (2)

Answer 35

* Seborrheic dermatitis: dandruff/ cradle cap | * Infantile desquamative erythroderma

Question 36

B9 vitamer

Answer 36

Folate Folacin Folic acid (may contain 1 to 6 molecules of glutamic acid )

Question 37

B9 BAF

Answer 37

Dihydrofolate (H2-folate) Tetrahydrofolate (H4-folate)

Question 38

3 fxn of B9

Answer 38

• hemopoiesis (dUMP→ TMP→ DNA) • syn purine and pyrimidine nucleotides * histidine metab (essential AA)

Question 39

2 dx caused by B9 def

Answer 39

megaloblastic-macrocytic anemia trophical sprue other sx of def: • impaired syn of Nucleotides DNA / RNA (B9 to syn need purine and pyrimidine nucleotides to make DNA/RNA) • Homocystinemia • Neural tube defects

Question 40

excess of VitB9 maskes a deficiency of ___

Answer 40

B12

Question 41

(3) vitamers of B12

Answer 41

Cobalamin Cyanocobalamin Methycobalamin

Question 42

(2) BAF of B12

Answer 42

Methylcobalamin | 5’-deoxyadenosylocobalamin

Question 43

Which vitamin is the only one to contain a mineral? What mineral does it contain?

Answer 43

Cobalamin --> contains cobalt

Question 44

What causes “methyl folate trap”

Answer 44

deficiency of B12: H4 cant → H3

Question 45

deficiency of VitB___ comes on slowly because it is stored in the liver (seen in vegetarians)

Answer 45

B12

Question 46

deficiency of VitB____ is seen in vegetarians

Answer 46

B12- most of B12 comes from meat

Question 47

``` VitB ____ deficiency sx: • megaloblastic macrocytic anemia • Pernicious anemia: lack of IF • Impaired cell division (dUMP cant go to → TMP) • Neuro diorders ```

Answer 47

B12

Question 48

(2) vitamers of Vit C

Answer 48

Ascorbic acid Dehydroascorbic acid - also the BAF

Question 49

Vit C is anti-____factor

Answer 49

anti-scorbutic factor

Question 50

(2) BAF of Vit C

Answer 50

Ascorbic acid Dehydroascorbic acid - also the vitamers

Question 51

Vit C enhances __ absorption

Answer 51

iron

Question 52

(2)disease of Vit C deficiency

Answer 52

1. scurvy: gingivitis, swollen jts, aching bones, pithed frog posture, delayed wound healing 2. Periungual hemorrhage – bleeding under the nail bed