NPMS Species - Yellow Flashcards by Charles Sheldon

Yellow (or sometimes white,
cream, pink or purple) pea
flowers in rounded, hairy
heads, often paired.

Leaves with narrow leaflets,
the end one larger.

Anthylllis vulneraria
Kidney Vetch

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Long-stalked flowerheads, in
branched clusters, have dull
yellow disc florets, no (rarely
a few) ray florets and leaf-like
bracts underneath.

Leaves in pairs, usually with 3,
pointed, toothed, leaflets.

Bidens tripartita
Trifid Bur-marigold

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Yellow flowers, 10-15mm
across, with 6-8 petals, in
loose, branching clusters.

Pairs of waxy, greyish,
triangular leaves join forming
a ring around the stem.

Blackstonia perfoliata
Yellow-wort

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Straw-coloured flowerheads to
4cm across.

Leaves with wavy, spiny lobes.
Spiny stems.

Carlina vulgaris
Carline Thistle

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Flowerheads, 15-25mm across,
of yellow ray florets with 2
rows of black hairy bracts
underneath.

Wavy-edged, clasping stem
leaves have back-pointing
lobes at base. Branching
stems.

Crepis paludosa
Marsh Hawk’s-beard

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Umbels 3-6cm across of tiny
yellow-green flowers.

Fleshy leaves divided into
narrow segments. Solid,
ridged, branching stems.

Crithmum maritimum
Rock Samphire

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Yellow flowers, 2-3mm across,
in dense clusters above whorls
of leaves.

Groups of 4, hairy leaves in
whorls around the 4-angled
hairy stem.

Cruciata laevipes
Crosswort

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Whole plant grey-woolly.
Small oval clusters of yellow
flowerheads with disc
florets only.

Narrow leaves 5-10mm long.
Stems branch from above
the middle.

Filago minima
Small Cudweed

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Golden-yellow flowers 2-3mm
across on a creeping plant to
60cm tall.

Dark green, linear leaves in
whorls of 8-12 around the
weakly 4-angled stems.

Galium verum
Lady’s Bedstraw

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Straggling, evergreen shrub
with yellow pea flowers, each
6-9mm long, in short clusters.

Waxy leaves and long spines.

Genista anglica
Petty Whin

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Hairs only on leaf margins. Narrow, pointed leaves.

Erect, evergreen shrub to
50cm or more with yellow pea
flowers, each about 15mm
long, in long spikes.

Genista tinctoria
Dyer’s Greenweed

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Hairy herb to 60cm with
long-stalked yellow, 5 petalled
flowers 8-15mm across.

Lower leaves with a large
3-lobed upper leaflet and
2-3 pairs of smaller leafletes.
Stem leaves usually with
3 lobes.

Geum urbanum
Wood Avens

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Branched herb with 4-petalled
yellow flowers 6-9cm across.
Fruit up to 30cm curved - the
horn in the common name.

Waxy, deeply divided leaves.

Glaucium flavum
Yellow Horned-poppy

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Solitary flowerheads 35-60mm
across with golden-yellow ray
and disc florets.

Slightly fleshy grey-green
leaves, lobed and toothed.

Glebionis segetum
(Chrysanthemum segetum)
Corn Marigold

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Spreading sub-shrub to 50cm.
Bright yellow, 5-petalled
flowers to 25mm across.

Narrow, paired leaves, whitewoolly underneath.

Helianthemum nummularium
Common Rock-rose

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Loose groups of yellow
flowerheads, each
20-25mm across.

Leaves with swollen-based
bristles, like blisters.
Stem ridged and bristly.

Helminthotheca echiodes
(Picris echiodes)
Bristly Oxtongue

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Clear yellow pea flowers in
whorls of 5-8 on long stalks.

Leaves with notched leaflets.

Hippocrepis comosa
Horseshoe Vetch

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Leaves and the creeping
stems grey-hairy.

Yellow flowers, 10-15mm
across, that only partially
open, borne in clusters at
the top of upright stems.

Paired, broad oval leaves.

Hypericum elodes
Marsh St John’s-wort

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Pale yellow flowers, 20mm
across, in clusters.

Paired leaves with translucent
dots. Stem reddish, square
with 4 wings.

CONFUSED WITH Perforate St. John’s-wort (H. perforatum) and Imperforate St.John’s-wort (H. maculatum) Perforate St John’s-wort has round stems with 2 raised ridges. Imperforate St John’swort has square stems without wings and leaves without translucent dots.

Hypericum tetrapterum
Square-stalked St John’s-wort

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Flowerheads, 20-40mm across,
bright yellow on hairless stalks
with scales.

Leaves in a basal rosette,
wavy-edged and bristly. Stem
enlarges near flowerhead.

CONFUSED WITH Smooth Cat’s-ear (H.glabra) and Spotted Cat’s-ear (H. maculata) Smooth Cat’s ear has hairless leaves. Spotted Cat’s-ear has leaves with red-purple blotches.

Hypochaeris radicata
Cat’s-ear

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Dense, branching clusters of dark yellow flowerheads, each 10mm across. Ray florets may be absent.

Lower leaves to 15cm, pointed, toothed, downy, with a flattened stalk. Stems downy.

Inula conyzae
Ploughman’s-spikenard

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Low-growing, hairy herb. 2-lipped flowers, yellow with pale purple upper lip and straight spur, and
hairless stalks.

Leaves triangular in outline with arrow-shaped bases. Young plants may have less angular leaves.

Kickxia elatine
Sharp-leaved Fluellen

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Low-growing, very hairy and sticky herb. 2-lipped flowers, yellow with dark purple upper lip and curved spur, and woolly stalks.

Leaves oval.

Kickxia spuria
Round-leaved Fluellen

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Upright herb to 120cm bearing loose clusters of yellow flowerheads, 11-13mm across, with 7-12 ray florets and no disc florets.

Thick, grey-green leaves with prickly edges and arrowshaped lobes clasping often reddish stems.

Lactuca serriola
Prickly Lettuce

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Hairy plant with whorls of bright yellow, 2-lipped flowers. Opposite pairs of pointed leaves with toothed edges. Stems squarish. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Lamiastrum galeobdolon ssp. argentatum This garden escape has conspicuously white-blotched leaves.

Lamiastrum galeobdolon Yellow Archangel

Scrambling herb with longstalked clusters of 5-12 yellow pea flowers. Leaves with narrow, greygreen leaflets, tendrils, and leaf-like, arrow-shaped stipules. Stem angled.

Lathyrus pratensis Meadow Vetchling

Twining shrub to 6m with creamy-yellow trumpetshaped flowers in whorls at the end of stems. Grey-green pointed leaves in opposite pairs.

Lonicera periclymenum Honeysuckle

Stem solid. Deep yellow pea flowers in clusters of 2-7, often redtinged. Calyx teeth erect, not bent back, in bud. Leaves with 5 narrowly oval leaflets, the lower 2 bent back by the stem so that leaves appear trefoil. No tendrils.

Lotus corniculatus Common Bird’s-foot-trefoil

Stem hollow. Clear yellow pea flowers in clusters of 2-8, not redtinged. Calyx teeth bent back, in bud. Leaves with 5 narrowly oval leaflets, the lower 2 bent back by the stem so that leaves appear trefoil. No tendrils.

Lotus pedunculatus Greater Bird’s-foot-trefoil

Yellow spathe and yellowgreen spadix, smells awful. Leaves can range in size between 30-150cm x 25-70cm.

Lysichiton americanus American Skunk-cabbage

Evergreen, prostrate herb with 5-petalled, yellow flowers on slender stalks. Opposite (paired), pointed leaves ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Creeping-Jenny (Lysimachia nummularia) has rounded leaves.

Lysimachia nemorum Yellow Pimpernel

Hairy herb with clusters of bright yellow, star-like flowers in leaf axils at the top of upright stems. Leaves in groups of 2, 3 or 4 at intervals along stem.

Lysimachia vulgaris Yellow Loosestrife

Tiny point in the notch at the tip of each leaflet. Trifoliate leaves. Downy, upright herb to 60cm with rounded flowerheads 3-9mm across of 10-50 yellow flowers followed by black, coiled, fruits. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Hop Trefoil (Trifolium campestre) and Lesser Trefoil (Trifolium dubium) have smaller leaflets (<5mm wide) and lack the distinct terminal tooth.

Medicago lupulina Black Medick

Pairs of pale yellow, 2-lipped flowers 10-17mm long, both turned to one side, in the axils of leaves. Paired, narrow untoothed leaves to 8 cm, unstalked or with short stalks.

Melampyrum pratense Common Cow-wheat

Upright herb to 100cm bearing loose clusters of yellow flowerheads, 7-10mm across, usually with 5 ray florets and no disc florets. Thin, often reddish, lobed leaves, lower with winged stalks, upper with arrowshaped lobes clasping stems.

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce

Downy, prostrate herb to 40cm long with small clusters of red-veined, creamy pea flowers, which can look orange. Leaves have 4-13 pairs of leaflets.

Ornithopus perpusillus Bird’s-foot

To 100cm tall with umbels of tiny yellow flowers 5-10cm across. Downy leaves with toothed leaflets. Stems usually hollow, ridged, angled and downy.

Pastinaca sativa Wild Parsnip

Single pale yellow flowerheads 15-25mm across. Florets with red stripes underneath. Hairy, spoon-shaped leaves in a basal rosette, white underneath, green on top.

Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed

Yellow, 5 petalled saucershaped flowers 1.5-2 cm across, on long stalks. Divided silvery, silky, leaves in rosettes and on long rooting runners.

Potentilla anserina Silverweed

Creeping plant with loose groups of yellow 4-petalled flowers on long stalks. Leaves with 3 leaflets, but can look like 5, without stalks.

Potentilla erecta Tormentil

Yellow, 5-petalled flowers. 17-25mm across, on long stalks. Leaves with 5 or 7 leaflets on long stalks. Stems all creeping and rooting.

Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil

Shiny yellow flowers with sepals cupping the petals. No runners. Leaves with a polygonal outline, 3-5 deeply divided lobes. Flower stalk ungrooved.

Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup

Shiny yellow flowers with sepals bent back. No runners. Leaves with triangular outline, 3-lobed, the end lobe stalked. Flower stalk grooved.

Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup

Shiny yellow flowers with sepals cupping the petals. Creeping runners root at the nodes. Leaves with triangular outline, 3-lobed, the end lobe stalked. Flower stalk grooved.

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup

Branched clusters of shiny pale yellow flowers with sepals bent back. No runners. Lower leaves with long stalks and 3 lobes, stem leaves more deeply divided.

Ranunculus sceleratus Celery-leaved Buttercup

Greenish-yellow 6-petalled flowers in a conical spike on stems 30-75cm tall. Basal rosette and stem leaves divided with narrow lobes. Stems ribbed, solid, branched.

Reseda lutea Wild Mignonette

Greenish-yellow 4-petalled flowers in a long, narrow spike on stems 50-150cm tall. All leaves long, thin and unlobed and with a wavy margin.

Reseda luteola Weld

More or less hairless plant to 50cm tall with leafy spikes of yellow 2-lipped flowers. Leaves unstalked, opposite, narrow and toothed. Stem black-spotted.

Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle

Upright herb to 60cm tall with clusters of yellow, 4-petalled flowers with petals and sepals equal in length and >1.6mm long. Leaves deeply divided with toothed lobes and a pair of small lobes at the base of the leaf by the stem. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Creeping Yellow-cress and Northern Yellow-cress. Creeping less upright and has petals longer than sepals. Northern petals + sepals <1.6mm, no auricles.

Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress

Creeping plant with upright flowering shoots bearing loose clusters of bright yellow flowers each 7-15mm across. Stalkless, narrow leaves, often toothed.

Saxifraga aizoides Yellow Saxifrage

Mat-forming plant to 10cm tall with yellow, 5-petalled, starlike flowers in small groups at the end of stems. Fleshy, egg-shaped, evergreen leaves 3-5mm long.

Sedum acre Biting Stonecrop

Upright, succulent herb with large clusters of small, dull yellow flowers. Fleshy grey-green leaves.

Sedum rosea Roseroot

Erect plant 30-100cm. Loosely branched clusters of flowerheads, each 25-30mm across, with golden yellow ray and disc florets. Basal leaves undivided, stem leaves with divided lobes, the end one large and oval. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Common Ragwort (Senecio jacobea) and Oxford Ragwort (Senecio squalidus) Common Ragwort basal leaves have divided lobes. Oxford Ragwort is more spreading and bushy

Senecio aquaticus Marsh Ragwort

Erect plant 30-100cm. Loosely branched clusters of flowerheads, each 15-10mm across, with pale yellow ray and disc florets. Leaves grey-green, all with narrow, pointed lobes.

Senecio erucifolius Hoary Ragwort

Erect plant 30-100cm. Terminal clusters of flowerheads, each 15-25mm across, with bright yellow ray and disc florets. Basal rosette leaves and stem leaves with divided lobes. ## Footnote Marsh Ragwort basal leaves have undivided lobes.

Senecio jacobaea Common Ragwort

To 100cm tall with umbels to 2-6cm across of tiny bright yellow flowers. Lower leaves much divided with narrow leaflets. Stems solid and ridged.

Silaum silaus Pepper-saxifrage

Numerous flowerheads 6-10mm across in leafy spikes with yellow ray and disc florets. Leaves narrow.

Solidago virgaurea Goldenrod

Stout plant to 150cm tall with deep yellow flowerheads 40-50mm across on sticky hairy stalks. Shiny green, lobed leaves with fine spines on the edges and rounded clasping bases.

Sonchus arvensis Perennial Sowthistle

Stout plant to 100cm tall with golden yellow flowerheads 20-25mm across. Lobed green leaves with deeply-toothed, spiny edges and rounded clasping bases. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Smooth Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) - dull, grey leaves, not spiny to touch.

Sonchus asper Prickly Sowthistle

Stout plant to 100cm tall with pale yellow flowerheads 20-25mm across. Lobed grey-green leaves with toothed, spiny edges and pointed clasping bases. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Prickly Sowthistle (Sonchus asper) has shiny leaves which are spiny to touch.

Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sowthistle

Upright herb to 30cm with rounded flowerheads 10-15mm across of more than 25 yellow flowers. Trifoliate leaves. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Lesser Trefoil (Trifolium dubium) is smaller with less dense flowerheads and Black Medick (Medicago lupulina) - has a minute point in the centre of the leaflet tip.

Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil

Upright herb to 30cm with rounded flowerheads 5-9mm across of 3-24 yellow flowers. Trifoliate leaves. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Hop Trefoil (Trifolium campestre) and Black Medick (Medicago lupulina) Hop Trefoil is larger with denser flowerheads. Black Medick has a minute point in the centre of the leaflet tip.

Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil

Yellow globe-shaped flowers on an upright plant to 60cm tall. Deeply divided leaves with deeply-toothed lobes.

Trollius europaeus Globeflower

Spiny evergreen shrub to 2m tall with yellow pea flowers. All leaves are spines, 15-25mm, deeply furrowed. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Western Gorse (Ulex gallii) and Dwarf Gorse (Ulex minor) Gorse has deeply furrowed spines.

Ulex europaeus Gorse

Spiny evergreen shrub with yellow pea flowers. Intermediate between Gorse and Dwarf Gorse. Record as Ulex gallii / Ulex minor unless on Dry montane heathland. All leaves are spines, 10-25mm, faintly furrowed. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Gorse (Ulex europaeus) and Dwarf Gorse (Ulex minor) Western Gorse is a stronger growing plant than Dwarf Gorse and has calyces >9mm long.

Ulex gallii Western Gorse

Spiny evergreen shrub to 1m tall, often spreading, with yellow pea flowers. Record as Ulex gallii / Ulex minor unless on Dry montane heathland. All leaves are spines, about 10mm, faintly furrowed, and not rigid. Stems weaker. ## Footnote CONFUSED WITH Gorse (Ulex europaeus) and Western Gorse (Ulex gallii) Dwarf Gorse is weaker and more spreading than Western Gorse and has calyces < 9mm long.

Ulex minor Dwarf Gorse

Flowers, 15mm across, with petals mostly creamy yellow but upper sometimes bluish/violet. Petals shorter or same length as sepals. Leaves oval and toothed. Stipules look like lobed leaves.

Viola arvensis Field Pansy

Flowers, 15-25mm across, with petals bright yellow or sometimes bluish-violet or mixed. Petals shorter or same length as sepals. Leaves oval and toothed. Stipules look like lobed leaves.

Viola lutea Mountain Pansy

NPMS Species - Yellow Flashcards

(68 cards)