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NPTE NMSK Scorebuilders Flashcards

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1
Q

Frontal Lobe Function

A
  • Voluntary Movement, Intellect, Orientation
  • Broca’s Area: speech, concentration
  • Personality, temper, judgement, reasoning, behavior, self-awareness, executive functions
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2
Q

Frontal Lobe Impairments

A
  • contralateral weakness
  • perseveration, inattention
  • personality changes
  • impaired concentration, apathy
  • Broca’s Aphasia
  • emotional liability
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3
Q

Parietal Lobe Functions

A
  • sensation of touch, kinesthesia, vibration, and temperature
  • Hearing, vision, motor, sensory and memory
  • provides meaning for objects
  • interprets language and words
  • spatial and visual perception
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4
Q

Parietal Lobe Impairments

A
  • Dominant Hemisphere:
    Agraphia, alexia, agnosia
  • Non-dominant Hemisphere:
    dressing apraxia, constructional apraxia, anosognosia
  • Contralateral sensory deficits
  • Impaired language comprehension
  • impaired taste
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5
Q

Temporal Lobe Functions

A
  • auditory processing and olfaction
  • Wernicke’s Area:
    understand and produce meaningful speech, verbal and general memory, understanding language
  • Rear Temporal Lobe:
    interpretation of others emotions and reactions
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6
Q

Temporal Lobe Impairments

A
  • learning deficits
  • Wernicke’s aphasia
  • antisocial, aggressive behaviors
  • difficulty with facial recognition
  • difficulty with memory/memory loss
  • inability to categorize objects
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7
Q

Occipital Lobe Functions

A
  • main processing center for visual info
  • processes colors, light, and shapes
  • judgement of distance, three-dimensional vision
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8
Q

Occipital Lobe Impairements

A
  • homonymous hemianopsia
  • impaired extraoccular muscle movements and visual deficits
  • impaired color recognition
  • reading and writing impairment
  • cortical blindness
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9
Q

Which arteries supply the brain with Blood?

A
  • Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA)
  • Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA)
  • Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA)
  • Vertebral-Basilar Artery
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10
Q

What areas are supplied by the ACA?

A
  • Anterior Frontal Lobe
  • Medial surface of Frontal and Parietal Lobes
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11
Q

ACA Impairments

A
  • Contra. LE motor and sensory involved
  • loss of bowel and bladder control
  • loss of behavioral inhibition
  • Mental changes
  • neglect
  • aphasia, apraxia, agraphia
  • perseveration
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12
Q

What areas are supplied by the MCA?

A
  • Outer Cerebrum
  • Basal Ganglia
  • Post. and Ant. Internal Capsule
  • Putamen
  • Pallidum
  • Lentiform nucleus
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13
Q

MCA Impairments

A
  • Wernicke’s aphasia
  • homonymous hemianopsia
  • apraxia
  • flat affect ( R hemisphere)
  • Contralateral Weakness and sensory loss of FACE and UE
  • impaired spatial relations
  • impaired body schema
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14
Q

What areas do the PCA supply?

A
  • Occipital Lobe
  • Inferior Temporal Lobe
  • Thalamus
  • Basal Nucleus
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15
Q

PCA Impairment

A
  • Contralateral:
    p! and sensory loss, hemiplegia, mild hemiparesis
  • ataxia, athetosis or choreiform movements
  • impaired quality of movement
  • visual agnosia
  • impaired memory
  • alexia, dyslexia
  • cortical blindness
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16
Q

What areas are supplied by the Vertebral-Basilar Artery?

A
  • Pons/Midbrain
  • Cerebellum
  • Medulla
  • Occipital Cortex
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17
Q

Vertebral-Basilar Impairments

A
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Hemiplegia/tetraplegia
  • comatose
  • inability to speak
  • vertigo, nystagmus, dysphagia, dysarthria, syncope, ataxia
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18
Q

C1 Nerve Root: Dermatome

A

Vertex of Skull

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19
Q

C1 Nerve Root: Myotome

A

None

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20
Q

C1 Nerve Root: Paresthesias

A

None

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21
Q

C1 Nerve Root: Reflexes Affected?

A

None

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22
Q

C2 Nerve Root: Dermatome

A

Temple, Forehead, Occiput

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23
Q

C2 Nerve Root: Myotome

A

Longus Colli
SCM
Rectus capitus

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24
Q

C2 Nerve Root: Reflexes Affected?

A

None

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25
C2 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
None
26
C3 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Entire Neck, posterior cheek, temporal area, under mandible
27
C3 Nerve Root: Myotome
Trapezius Splenius capitus
28
C3 Nerve Root: Reflexes Affected?
None
29
C3 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Cheek, side of neck
30
C4 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Shoulder area, clavicular area, upper scapular area
31
C4 Nerve Root: Myotome
Trapezius Levator Scapulae
32
C4 Nerve Root: Reflexes affected?
None
33
C4 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Horizontal band along clavicle and upper scapula
34
C5 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Deltoid area, anterior aspect of entire arm to base of thumb
35
C5 Nerve Root: Myotome
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, deltoid, biceps
36
C5 Nerve Root: Reflexes Affected?
Biceps, Brachioradialis
37
C5 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
None
38
C6 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Anterior Arm, radial side of hand to thumb and index finger
39
C6 Nerve Root: Myotome
Biceps Supinator Wrist Extensors
40
C6 Nerve Root: Reflexes affected?
Biceps, Brachioradialis
41
C6 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Thumb and Index Finger
42
C7 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Lateral forearm anf forearm to index, long, and ring fingers
43
C7 Nerve Root: Myotome
Triceps, Wrist Flexors
44
C7 Nerve Root: Reflexes Affected?
Triceps
45
C7 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Index, long, and ring fingers
46
C8 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Medial arm and forearm to long, ring, and little fingers
47
C8 Nerve Root : Myotome
Ulnar deviators, thumb extensors, finger flexors
48
C8 Nerve Root: Reflexes affected?
None
49
C8 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Little finger alone or with two adjacent fingers; not ring or long fingers, alone or together
50
T1 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Medial side of forearm to base of little finger
51
T2 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Medial Side of Upper Arm to medial elbow, pectoral and midscapular areas
52
T3 -T12 Nerve Root: Dermatomes
T3-T6: Upper thorax T5-T7: Costal Margin T8-T12: abdomen and lumbar region
53
L1 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Back, over trochanter and groin
54
L1 Nerve Root: Myotome
None
55
L1 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Groin; after holding posture, which causes pain
56
L2 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Back; front of thigh to knee
57
L2 Nerve Root: Myotome
Psoas, hip adductors
58
L2 Nerve Root: Paresthesias
Occasionally anterior thigh
59
L3 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Back, upper buttock, anterior thigh and knee, medial lower leg
60
L3 Nerve Root: Myotome
Psoas Quadriceps
61
L3 Nerve Root: Reflexes
Knee Jerk sluggish P! w/ SLR
62
L4 Nerve Root: Dermatome
Medial buttock, lateral thigh, medial leg, dorsum of foot, big toe
63
L4 Nerve Root: Myotome
Ant. Tibialis Extensor Hallucis
64
L5 Dermatome
Buttock, posterior and lateral thigh, lateral leg, dorsum of foot, medial half of sole, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd toes
65
L5 Myotome
Extensor Hallucis peroneals glute medius dorsiflexors hamstrings plantar flexors
66
S1 Dermatome
Lateral and plantar aspects of foot
67
S1 Myotome
Hamstrings Gluteals peroneals plantar flexors
68
S2 Dermatome
Buttock, thigh, and posterior leg
69
S2 Myotome
Hamstrings Gluteals Plantar flexors
70
S3 Dermatome
Groin, posteromedial thigh to knee
71
S4 Dermatome
Perineum, genitals, lower sacrum
72
S4 Myotome
Bladder Rectum
73
CN 1 Name, Function, Test
Olfactory (Afferent; Sensory) - Smell: nose - identify familiar odors (eyes closed)
74
CN 2 Name, Function, Test
Optic (Afferent; Sensory) - Sight: eye - Test visual fields, test visual acuity chart
75
CN 3 Name, Function, Test
Oculomotor (Efferent; Motor) - Voluntary eye movements; eyelid elevation - Smoot Pursuit: H-Test -Reaction to light - Upward, Downward, and Medial Gaze
76
CN 4 Name, Function, Test
Trochlear (Efferent; Motor - Voluntary Eye movements; downward and inward gaze - X- Test
77
CN 5 Name, Function, Test
Trigeminal (Afferent;Sensory and Efferent; Motor) Afferent - touch/pain; skin of face, nose, sinuses, mouth, and anterior tongue Efferent - Muscles of mastication - Sharp/Dull facial sensation - Mandible movement
78
CN 6 Name, Function, Test
Abducens (Efferent; Motor) Efferent - lateral rectus muscle of eyeball - lateral gaze
79
CN 7 Name, Fucntion, Test
Facial (Afferent and Efferent) Afferent - Taste: Anterior Tongue Efferent - facial muscles Identify familiar tastes Make Facial Movement (Smile, Frown., etc.)
80
CN 8 Name, Function, Test
Vestibulocochlear (Afferent) Afferent - Hearing/Balance: Ear - Hear watch ticking, hearing tests, balance/coordination testing
81
CN 9 Name, Function, Test
Glossopharyngeal (Afferent and Efferent) Afferent - Touch/Pain: Posterior tongue, pharynx Taste: posterior tongue Efferent - Select muscles of pharynx - Gag reflex, ability to swallow
82
CN 10 Name, Function, Test
Vagus (Afferent and Efferent) Afferent - Touch/Pain: Pharynx, Larynx, bronchi Taste: tongue, epiglottis Efferent - Muscles of the palate, pahrynx, larynx Autonomic: thoracic and abdominal viscera - Gag reflex, ability to swallow, say "ahhhh"
83
CN 11 Name, Function, Test
Accessory ( Efferent) Efferent - SCM an Trapezius muscles - Resisted Shoulder shrug
84
CN 12 Name , Function, Test
Hypoglossal (Efferent) Efferent - Muscles of tongue - tongue protrusion (looking for deviation toward injured side)

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