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BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE FOR OSTEOPATHY 6 > NSIADS AND PAIN > Flashcards

NSIADS AND PAIN Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF ALLODYNIA

A

PAIN WHEN PAIN SHOULDNT BE FELY

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2
Q

WHAT IS HYPERALGESIA

A

FEELING MORE PAIN THAN CONSIDERED NORMAL

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3
Q

WHAT IS HYPERPATHIA

A

INCREASED ABNORMAL PAIN

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4
Q

WHAT IS DYSAESTHESIA

A

INCREASED ABNORMAL SENSATIONS

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5
Q

WHAT IS CENTRAL SENSITISATIONS

A

INCREASED RESPONSIVENESS OF NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS IN THE CNS

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6
Q

WHAT IS PERIPHERAL SENSITISATION

A

INCREASED RESPONSIVENESS AND REDUCED THRETHOLD OF NOCICEPTIVE PNS NEURONS

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7
Q

WHAT ARE PROSTAGLANDINS

A

ARE A FAMILY OF INFLAMATORY MEDIATORS

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8
Q

WHAT DO NSAIDS DO IN RELATION TO PROSTAGLANDINS

A

INHIBIT PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS BY INHIBITING THE COX 2 ENZYME PATHWAY/ INFLAMMATORY CASCADE

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9
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 ACTIONS OF NSAIDS

A

ANTI INFLAMMATORY
ANALGESIC
ANTI-PYRETIC
ANTI PLATELET AGREGATION

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10
Q

WHAT IS THE DURATION OF ACTION OF NSAIDS

A

6-8N HOURS

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11
Q

WHAT ARE THE KEY ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NSAIDS

A

INDIGESTION, STOMACH ULCERS, HA, DROWSINESS, DIZZINESS, ALLERGIC REACTIONS

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12
Q

IN WHICH PATIENTS ARE NSAIDS CONTRAINDICATED

A

THOSE WITH A PREVIOUS REACTION
ARE PREGNANT
PREVIOUS STOMACH BLEEDING OR ULCER HEART KIDNEY OR LIVER FAILURE
UNCONTROLLED BLOOD PRESSURE
CHROHNS OR ULCERATIVE COLLITIS
ASTHMATICS
HAVE CHICKENPOX

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13
Q

OPIUM DEFINITION

A

HEAVILY ADDITIVE DRUG MADE OF THE JUICE OF OPIOID POPPY SEEDS

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14
Q

OPIATE DEFINITON

A

RELATING TO OR CONTAINING OPIUM

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15
Q

OPIOID DEFINITON

A

A COMPOUND CONTAINING OPIUM

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16
Q

ENDOGENOUS OPIOID DEFINITION

A

a class of molecules that are produced in the brain and circulate widely throughout all organ systems

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17
Q

NARCOTIC DEFINITION

A

A DRUG THAT IS CONSUMED ILLEGALLY FOR NON MEDICAL PURPOSES

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18
Q

WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF PARACETAMOL

A

COX INHIBITION, REDUCED PRODTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS
ACTIVATION OF DESCENDING SEROTONOGENIC, OPIOD, NITROC OXIDE AND CANNBINOID PATHWAYS

19
Q

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF PAIN

A

AN UNPLESANT SENSORY AND EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCE ASSOC WITH OR RESEMBLING ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL TISSUE DAMAGE

20
Q

WHAT IS A NOCICEPTOR

A

PERIPHERAL SENSORY NEURONS THAT DETECT POTENTIALLY DAMAGING STIMULI

21
Q

WHERE ARE EXTERNAL NOCICEPTORS FOUND

A

TISSUES FOUND EXTERNALLY TO THE BODY, SKIN CORNEAS AND MUCOSAE

22
Q

WHERE ARAE INTERNAL NOCICEPTORS FOUND

A

VARIOUS ORGANS - MUSCLES JOINTS AND VISCERA

23
Q

ARE NOCECEPTORS MYELINATED

A

NO (SOMETIMES LIGHTLY THOUGH)

24
Q

WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF NOCICEPTIVE PAIN

A

SOMATIC AND VISCERAL

25
Q

IS SOMATIC PAIN INTERMITTENT OR CONSTANT

A

INTERMITTENT

26
Q

IS SOMATIC PAIN SHARPER ON MOVEMENT AND DULL AT REST

A

YEDS

27
Q

IS SOMATIC PAIN LOCAL OR DIFFUSED

A

LOCAL

28
Q

IS SOMATIC NOCICEPTIVE PAIN PROPORTIONATE OR DISPROPORTIONATE TO AN INJURY

A

PROPORTIONATE

29
Q

IS VISCERAL NOCICEPTIVE PAIN LOCAL OR DIFFUSED

A

DIFFUSED

30
Q

DOES VISCERAL NOCICEPTIVE PAIN EXHIBIT SPATIAL SUMMATION

A

YES

31
Q

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN

A

PAIN CAUSED BY A LESION OF THE SOMATOSENSORY NERVOUS SYSTEM

32
Q

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIC PAIN

A

ONE IS A LESION IN CNS AND ONE IN PNS

33
Q

IS NEUROPATHIC PAIN INTERMITTENT OR CONSTANT

A

CONSTANT

34
Q

DOES NEUROPATHIC PAIN RESPOND WEL TO TYPICAL ANALGESICS

A

NO

35
Q

IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN EASY OR DIFFICULT TO MANAGE

A

DIFFICULT

36
Q

DOES NEUROPATHIC PAIN RESPOND WELL TO NEURAL MODULATORS

A

YES

37
Q

IS NEUROPATHIC PAIN AGGREVATED BY EMOTIONAL, STRESS OR SLEEP RELATED TRIGGERS

A

YES

38
Q

WHAT ARE THE 6 STAGES OF PAIN PERCEPTION (THE CAT TOLD ME PEOPLE SUCK)

A

TRANSDUCTION
CONDUCTION
TRANSMITTION
MODULATION
PERCEPTION
SUPRASPINAL RESPONSES
\

39
Q

WHAT IS TRANSDUCTION

A

NOXIOUS STIMULI ARE CONVERTED INTO ELECTROPHYSICAL SIGNALS

40
Q

WHAT IS CONDUCTION

A

ACTION POTENTIAL TRAVELS TO DORSAL HORN OF SPINAL CORD

41
Q

WHAT IS TRASMISSION

A

INFO IS RELAYED TO BRAINSTEM AND THALAMUS VIA SPINAL CORD

42
Q

WHAT IS MODULATION

A

CAN HAPPEN AT ANY POINT, STOP OR MAGNIFY PAIN SIGNALS (EXCITORY AND INHIBITORY)

43
Q

WHAT IS PERCEPTION

A

CORTEX PROCESSED MODULATED SIGNALS

44
Q

WHAT IS SUPRASPINAL RESPONSES

A

CONNECTORS BETWEEN THE THALAMUS AND HIGHER CORTICAL CENTRES CONTROL PERCEPTION AND INTEGRATE AND RESPONSE

BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE FOR OSTEOPATHY 6 (8 decks)

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