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NSTP > NSTP 1 finals > Flashcards

NSTP 1 finals Flashcards

1
Q

include the heartbeat, breathing rate,
temperature and blood pressure.

A

Vital signs

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2
Q

Normal ranges for the average
healthy adult vital signs are:
* Blood pressure:

A

120/80 mm/Hg

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3
Q

Normal ranges for the average
healthy adult vital signs are:
* Breathing

A

12-18 breaths per minute

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4
Q

Normal ranges for the average
healthy adult vital signs are:
* Pulse:

A

60-80 (to 100) beats per minute (at rest)

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5
Q

Normal ranges for the average
healthy adult vital signs are:
* Temperature:

A

97.8 degrees Fahrenheit/average 98.6
Fahrenheit or 36.5 to 37.5 degrees centigrade

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6
Q

Defined, as the rate at which the heart beats in one minute, the heart beat is indicative of the
health of the person.

A

Pulse Rate

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7
Q

Pulse Rate beats per min.

A

60-80 (to 100) beats per min.

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8
Q

normal pulse rate for humans is

A

60 to 100 beats per minute

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9
Q

medical conditions which may alter the normal pulse rate of an individual.

A

cardiac arrhythmia

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10
Q

Atrial fibrillation beats per minute

A

100-175 beats per minute

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11
Q

Two upper chambers of the heart experience chaotic electrical signals

A

Atrial fibrillation

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12
Q

Also athletes, who do a lot of cardiovascular conditioning, may have heart rates near

A

40 beats per minute.

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13
Q

Normal Pulse Rate Chart
* Babies to age 1:

A

100-160

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14
Q

Normal Pulse Rate Chart
* Children aged 1 to 10:

A

60-140

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15
Q

Normal Pulse Rate Chart
* Children aged 10+ and adults:

A

60-100

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16
Q

Normal Pulse Rate Chart
* Well-conditioned athletes:

A

40-60

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17
Q

is found close to the inside part of your
wrist near your thumb

A

radial artery

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18
Q

an easy artery to use when checking your heart rate during or after exercise.

A

radial artery

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19
Q

is the process that occurs when oxygen is inhaled into the lungs, converted into energy via a chemical reaction and expelled as carbon dioxide.

A

Respiration

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20
Q

is simply the number of breaths an individual takes per minute.

A

respiratory

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21
Q

Average Respiratory Rates By Age:
* Newborns:

A

30-40 breaths per minute

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22
Q

Average Respiratory Rates By Age:
Less than 1 year:

A

30-40 breaths per minute

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23
Q

Average Respiratory Rates By Age:
* 1-3 years:

A

23-35 breaths per minute

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24
Q

Respiration Normal Range by Age

A
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25
Q

Average Respiratory Rates By Age:
* 6-12 years:

A

18-26 breaths per minute

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26
Q

Average Respiratory Rates By Age:
* 12-17 years:

A

12-20 breaths per minute

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27
Q

Average Respiratory Rates By Age:
* Adults over 18:

A

12-20 breaths per minute

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28
Q

means that the baby is not getting enough oxygen and
compensating by breathing more frequently

A

Tachypnea

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29
Q

is a measure of the body’s ability to generate and get rid of heat.

A

Body temperature

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30
Q

is the force of the blood pushing against the walls of the arteries.

A

Blood Pressure

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31
Q

Your blood pressure is as its highest when the heart beats, pumping the blood

A

systolic pressure

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32
Q

When the heart is at rest, between beats, your blood
pressure falls

A

diastolic pressure

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33
Q

refers to the immediate, direct treatment of an
injured person.

A

First aid

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34
Q

Can be done with the patient in the position in which you
find him or her, and begins with checking the patient’s
responsiveness.

A

Primary Assessment

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35
Q

CODE: AVPU

A

o A – Alert
o V – Response to Voice
o P – Response to Pain
o U – Unresponsive/Unconscious

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36
Q

CODE: A-B-C

A

A- Airway
B- Breathing
C- Circulation

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37
Q

Is bleeding occurring inside the body. It can be a serious
medical emergency depending on where it occurs

A

Internal Bleeding

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38
Q

this most commonly occurs where there is bleeding into the stomach area; the quantity of blood combined with the tissues swelling result in rigidity to the tissues.

A

Boarding

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39
Q

place the person in the recovery position and with legs higher than the heart if possible. Injuries permitting.

A

If unconscious and breathing

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40
Q

lie the casualty down and raise or bend legs
if injuries permit.

A

If conscious

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41
Q

Open Wounds Types:

A

o Abrasions
o Lacerations
o Avulsion
o Amputation
o Puncture

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42
Q

Open Wounds First Aid:

A
  • Control Bleeding
  • Cover the wound
  • Care for the shock
  • Consult or refer to physician
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43
Q

Home Care (Wounds with bleeding not sever

A
  • Clean the wound with soup and water
  • Apply mild antiseptics
  • Cover wounds with dressing the bandage
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44
Q

A wound where the outer layer of the skin is intact and the damage lies below the surface.

A

Closed Wound

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45
Q

Closed Wound Causes

A
  • Blunt object that may result in contusion or bruises
  • Application of external forces
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46
Q

Closed Wound Sign and Symptoms

A
  • Pain and tenderness
  • Swelling
  • Discoloration
  • Hematoma
  • Uncontrolled restlessness
  • Thirst
  • Symptoms of shock
  • Vomiting or cough-up blood
  • Passage of blood in the urine or feces
  • Sign of blood along mouth, nose and ear canal
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47
Q

ICES Acronym

A

o I – Iced application
o C – Compression
o E – Elevation
o S – Splinting

48
Q

caused by a small blood vessel rupturing.

A

Nose Bleeding

49
Q

s an injury involving the skin, including muscles, bones, nerves and blood vessels. This results from heat, chemicals, electricity or solar or other forma of radiation.

A

Burns

50
Q

is a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning material
containing carbon.

A

Carbon monoxide

51
Q

Carbon monoxide Sign and Symptoms:

A

Headache, Dizziness, Nausea, Flue-like symptoms, fatigue, Shortness of breath on exertion, Impaired judgment, Chest pain, Confusion, Depression, Hallucinations, Agitation, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Drowsiness, Visual changes, Fainting, Seizure, Memory and walking problems

52
Q

is a combination of rescue breathing (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) and chest compression.

A

CPR (or cardiopulmonary resuscitation)

53
Q

is the physiological response to sudden airways
obstruction.

A

Choking

54
Q

FBAO

A

Foreign Body Airway Obstruction

55
Q

causes asphyxia and is terrifying condition, occurring very accurately, withy the patient often unable to explain what is happening to them. If severe, it can result in rapid loss of consciousness and death if first aid is not undertaken quickly and successfully.

A

Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)

56
Q

Types of Upper Airway Obstruction

A
  • Tongue
  • Vomit
  • Foreign Body
  • Swelling
  • Spasm
57
Q

Rescue breathing (mouth to mouth) mistakes:

A

o In adequate head tilt
o Failing to pinch the nose shut
o Not giving slow breaths
o Failing to watch chest and listen for chest exhalation
o Failing to maintain tight seal around victim’s mouth
and or nose

58
Q

Chest compression mistakes

A

o Pivoting at knees instead of hips
o Wrong compression site
o Bending elbows
o Shoulders not above sternum
o Fingers touching chest
o Heel of bottom hand not in line with the sternum
o Placing palm rather than the heel of the hand on
sternum
o Lifting hands off chest between compression
(bouncing movement)
o Incorrect6 compression rate
o Jerky or jobbing compression rather than smooth ones

59
Q

is the invasion of the body by harmful organisms
such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, rickets or viruses.

A

Infection

60
Q

is any person who harbors the organism and is capable of transmitting it to another individual showing no signs or manifestation of the disease.

A

Carrier

61
Q

is an illness cause by an infectious agent that is transmitted directly or indirectly to a well person through an agency and a vector or an inanimate object.

A

Communicable disease

62
Q

is any person or animal that is in closely association with an infected person, animal, or freshly soiled materials.

A

Contact

63
Q

is a disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another directly or indirectly.

A

Contagious disease

64
Q

is the process of eliminating infective microorganisms from the contaminated instruments, clothing, or Surroundings by physical means or chemical

A

Disinfection

65
Q

is an animal or plant or which a parasite leaves

A

Host

66
Q

is transmitted not only by ordinary contact but requires direct contact of the organism through an opening in the skin.

A

Infectious disease

67
Q

is an infection in the bowel, particularly the colon, characterized by diarrhea. This infection can be fatal in infant and to older people with low resistance. The main risk is due to dehydration from loss of fluid.

A

Amoebiasis

68
Q

is highly infectious disease caused by virus that is transmitted by airborne droplets from infected patients. Common symptoms are mild fever, body malaise, and itchy rash of dark red pimples from the trunk to the face, scalp and limbs. The pimples develop into blister then scabs which drop off after 12 days.

A

Chicken Pox

69
Q

is an acute infection of the small intestine by bacteria which cause vomiting and diarrhea (rice water stools leading dehydration). The disease is contracted from the food and drinking water contaminated by the feces of patient infected

A

Cholera

70
Q

is a viral disease transmitted to man principally by mosquito. Symptoms include severe pain in the joints and muscles, headache, sore throat, fever, and an irritating rash.

A

Dengue Fever

71
Q

is a highly contagious viral infection that affects the respiratory system. The viruses are transmitted through coughing and sneezing. Headache, fever, loss of appetite and generalized body weakness are the common symptoms.

A

Influenza

72
Q

is an infectious disease caused by the presence of parasites in the red blood cells. The disease is transmitted by a mosquito bites. It result to fever, shaking chills, sweating and even convulsions.

A

Malaria

73
Q

are highly infectious viral disease that mainly affects children. It can be easily transmitted through body secretions. This may be considered on of the most common and most serious of all children diseases

A

Measles

74
Q

is an inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria in which air sacs are filled with pus and turns the lungs into solid state. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and even chemicals may cause pneumonia.

A

Pneumonia

75
Q

is a chronic sub-acute and acute infectious disease that affects the lungs and characterized by the formation of tubercles to the nearest nodules. Many people become infected with no signs of symptoms. Infected people tend to transmit this through coughing and sneezing.

A

Tuberculosis

76
Q

Tsunami Planning

A
  • Develop a Family Disaster Plan.
  • Learn about Tsunami risk in your community.
  • If you are visiting an area at risk for Tsunami, check
    with the hotel, motel, or camp ground operato
  • Plan an evacuation route
  • Practice your evacuation route
  • Use a NOAA Weather Radio with tone-alert feature
  • Talk to your insurance agent
  • Discuss Tsunami with your family
  • Assemble a Disaster Supplies Kit.
77
Q
  • Sudden change of behaviour
  • Withdrawal from family members
  • Mood swings; irritable and grumpy and then suddenly
    happy and bright
  • Careless about personal grooming
  • Loss of interest in hobbies, sports, and other favorite
    activities
  • Changed sleeping pattern; up at night and sleeps during the day
  • Red or glassy eyes
  • Sniffy or runny nose
A

General Sign of Drug User

78
Q
  • Problems at school
  • Drinking and driving
  • Unplanned sexual activity and consequent pregnancy or sexually transmitted disease.
  • Emotional trauma over guilty feelings
  • Criminal activity, often to support their habit
  • Physical problems, including alcohol poisoning
  • Death
A

Reason for Drug Abuse

79
Q

drugs which increases alertness and physical disposition.
- Examples: amphetamine, cocaine

A

Stimulants

80
Q

drugs which affect sensation, self awareness and emotion. Changes in time and spaces perception may be mild or overwhelming depending on the dosages.
- Examples: marijuana, mescaline

A

Hallucinogens

81
Q

drugs that reduce anxiety and excitement.
- Examples: barbiturates, tranquilizers, alcohol

A

Sedatives

82
Q

the most commonly used and widely abused psychoactive drug in the country. Street names/ slang
terms are Booze, Juice and Sauce. It is ingested orally.
Types include beer, wine, and liquor. Narconon provides
effective treatment for alcohol abuse

A

Alcohol

83
Q
  • Reduces sensitivity to pain.
  • Narrows the visual field, reduces resistance to glare.
  • Interferes with the ability to differentiate intensities of
    light.
  • Reduces ability to make decisions.
A

Effects of Alcohol Abuse

84
Q

is the most frequently used illicit drug in America and has been linked to harming a developing fetus. It has the same or similar effects as depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens.

A

Marijuana

85
Q
  • Increases in heart rate, body temperature, and appetite.
  • Drowsiness
  • Dryness of the mouth and throat
  • Reddening of the eyes and reduction in ocular
    pressure
A

Effects of Marijuana Abuse

86
Q

is a powerfully addictive stimulant that directly
affects the brain.

A

Cocaine

87
Q
  • Twitches, tremors, spasms, coordination problems.
  • Respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest.
  • May cause extreme anxiety and restlessness.
  • Chest pain, nausea, seizures.
A

Effects of Cocaine Abuse

88
Q

is second only to alcohol and marijuana as the drug used most frequently in many Western and Midwestern states. Seizures of dangerous laboratory materials have increased dramatically-in some states, fivefold.

A

Methamphetamine

89
Q
  • Increase wakefulness and physical activity.
  • Decrease appetite.
  • Interferes with the ability to differentiate intensities of
    light.
  • Reduces ability to make decisions.
A

Effects of Methamphetamine Abuse

90
Q

is an illegal addictive drug. It is both the most
abused and the most rapidly acting of the Opiates.

A

Heroin

91
Q

Surge of euphoria (“rush”) accompanied by a warm
flushing of the skin.
* Alternately wakeful and drowsy state
* Interferes with the ability to differentiate intensities of
light.
* Impaired night vision, vomiting, constipation.

A

Effects of Heroin Abuse

92
Q
  • Human intervention or actions to
  • Reduce the sources or
  • Enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases (GHG) aimed at
    reducing the extent of global warming. (IPCC- FAR)
A

Mitigation

93
Q
  • Improved supply and distribution efficiency
  • Combined heat and power
  • Renewable energy
A

Energy

94
Q
  • Hybrid vehicles
  • Biofuels
  • Shift to public mass transport systems
  • Non-motorized transport
A

Transport

95
Q
  • More efficient electrical equipment
  • Heat and power recovery
  • Material recycling and substitution
A

Industry

96
Q
  • Improved crop and grazing land management to
    increase soil carbon storage
  • Improved livestock and manure management to reduce
    CH4 emissions
  • Avoid burning of agricultural wastes
A

Agriculture

97
Q
  • Reforestation
  • Afforestation
  • Forest management
  • Reduced deforestation
  • Use of forestry products for bioenergy to replace fossil
    fuel use
A

Forestry Sector

98
Q
  • Landfill methane recovery
  • Composting of organic waste
  • Recycling and waste minimization
A

Waste Management

99
Q
  • Increase the resilience and coping capacity of the sector
    taking into account current and future changes
A

Adaptation

100
Q
  • Rainwater harvesting
  • Encourage adoption of new environment-friendly
    technology for efficient water use and water conservation
A

Water Sector

101
Q
  • Crop diversification
  • Change of crop or crop variety
  • Crop insurance
A

Agriculture

102
Q
  • Sanitary practices
  • Preventive care(e.g., vaccines)
  • Information and awareness
  • Health surveillance and monitoring
A

Health Sector

103
Q

Disaster Risk Reduction

A
  • Emergency preparedness
  • Early warning system
  • Evacuation plan
104
Q

To be a pollutant, a material has to be potentially
harmful to life. A layer above the Earth’s surface
supports life it is known as troposphere.

A

Air Pollution

105
Q

Air Pollution Some serious consequences are:

A

o Acid Rain
o Ozone Layer Depletion
o Photochemical Smog
o Greenhouse Effect

106
Q

Littering is one of the main effects of land pollution
today.

A

Land Pollution

107
Q

There is no such thing as naturally pure water. As water
flows into ground and filters through layers of soil and
rock in the ground, it dissolve and absorbs the substances that it touches, some of these substances
are harmless.

A

Water Pollution

108
Q

Section 1. Short Title. – this Act shall be known as the

A

“Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.

109
Q

– it is hereby declared the policy of the State to adopt a systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program which shall:

A

Section 2. Declaration of Policies

110
Q

does not flow like water or gas. Examples include paper, wood, metals, and glass, plastic and contaminated soil.

A

solid waste

111
Q

must be transported in containers or through pipes. Examples include sewage, contaminated ground water, and industrial liquid discharges.

A

Liquid wastes

112
Q

They are primarily generated by combustion (e.g. internal combustion engines, incinerators, coal-fired electrical generating plants) and industrial processes.

A

Gaseous wastes

113
Q

pose a substantial present or potential danger to human health or the environment. They can be solid, sludge, liquid, or gas.

A

Hazardous wastes

114
Q

emit particles or electromagnetic radiation (e.g. alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and x-rays).

A

Radioactive wastes

115
Q

that is, wastes generated at medical facilities, can be infectious, toxic, and/or radioactive. Though they may have hazardous characteristics, they are not regulated as hazardous wastes.

A

Medical wastes

116
Q

Ways to Prevent Air Pollution

A
  • Car Pool
  • Vehicle Care
  • Public Transport
  • Alternative Energy Source
  • Saving Energy
  • Minimize Air Pollutants:
117
Q

is the federal law designed to make sure that all Americans have air that is safe to breath. Public Health Protection is the primary goal, though the law also seeks to protect our environment from damage caused by air pollution.

A

Clean Air Act

NSTP (4 decks)

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