NTR Quiz 4 Flashcards
Triglyceride structure
3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol
Trans fatty acids
polyunsaturated fatty acids produced as a result of hydrogenation. The hydrogens change place on the double bond from cis to trans position.
Hydrogenation
Process by which hydrogen is added to the carbon chain of unsaturated fats
What are the two essential fatty acids?
Omega 3 and Omega 6 fatty acids
Alpha linolenic acid and linoleic acid
Chylomicrons
-Largest of the lipoproteins, with the lowest density
-Carry dietary fat from small intestine to cells
-After TGs removed from this lipoprotein, CM remnant remains and is taken up by the liver
Saturated fatty acid
Fatty acid with no carbon-carbon double bonds and filled with hydrogens
Monounsaturated fatty acid
Fatty acid with one carbon-carbon double bond
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Fatty acid with at least 2 carbon-carbon double bonds
Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
-Formed in the liver (80%) and intestine (20%)
-Transports endogenous lipids especially TG to various tissues in the body
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
-Formed in the blood from VLDLs (transformation occurs as the TGs are removed from the VLDL)
-Transports cholesterol to cells of the body
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
-Synthesized in the liver and released into the blood
-Move in the blood through the body, picking up free cholesterol and transporting it back to the liver
Adipose tissue
Tissue which stores triglycerides (fat)
Emulsifier
substances that stabilize an emulsion bringing two unlike substances together
Lipids
A class of nutrients which do not dissolve in water
Phospholipids
two fatty acids attached to glycerol, plus a phosphorus compound
Sterols
Carbon structure with four fused rings: subgroup of steroids (Cholesterol)
Fatty Acid
Long hydrocarbon chains with an acid end and a methyl end
Glycerol
backbone of a triglyceride (3 carbon unit)
Lipoprotein
Structure which transports fat around in the blood
Heart Attack
death to part of the heart muscle from a blockage to the vessels in the heart
Stroke
damage to the brain from interruption of blood flow or leakage of blood outside the vessel wall
Atherosclerosis
plaque build-up from cholesterol deposits which result in hardening & narrowing of the arteries
Lipase
Enzyme that break down tryglycerides
