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Nursing > NU1301 MCQ > Flashcards

NU1301 MCQ Flashcards

1
Q

Name the biological determinants of health.

A

Genetics, physical illness, drugs, gender, birth, trauma.

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2
Q

Name the psychological determinants of health.

A

Personality, coping skills, health beliefs, cognitive skills.

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3
Q

What are social determinants of health as part of the biopsychosocial determinants.

A

Economics, housing, religion, work, social networks.

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4
Q

What is the biopsychosocial model of health?

A

The model of interconnection between biology, psychology and socio-economic factors and their roles in health and illness.

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5
Q

What are some health and wellbeing factors?

A

Physical, mental, emotional, social.

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6
Q

What is co-morbidity?

A

The presence of more than one disorder.

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7
Q

What is multimorbidity?

A

The presence of two or more long-term health conditions.

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8
Q

What is morbidity?

A

Having a disease or amount of disease within a population.

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9
Q

What is mortality?

A

Death, particularly on a large population scale. Relative number of deaths in a population.

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10
Q

What are some modifiable determinants of health?

A

Knowledge, skills, attitude, peers, religion, employment, education, income, geographical location (to a degree), access to health services and technology. The environment. Inactivity, smoking, drinking, inactivity.

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11
Q

What are some non-modifiable determinants of health?

A

Age, ethnicity, genetics and family history.

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12
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

Medicine pertaining to study the determinants, distribution and control of disease in populations.

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13
Q

What is demography?

A

The study of human populations, their size, composition and distribution across space. Birth, death, migration.

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14
Q

What is cultural competence?

A

Multi-cultural baseline of knowledge nurses can apply in practice.

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15
Q

What is culture?

A

The learned, shared, transmitted values, beliefs and norms, life practices of a particular group of people.

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16
Q

What are the themes of transcultural nursing?

A

Awareness of diversity, ability to care, non-judgemental openness and enhancing cultural competence.

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17
Q

Name the factors on the Dahlgren and Whitehead model in order from bottom to top.

A

Age, sex and constitutional factors.

Individual lifestyle choices.

Social and community networks.

Agriculture, education, work environment, living and working conditions, unemployment, water and sanitation, health care services, housing.

General socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions.

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18
Q

What are constitutional factors?

A

Genetic factors in health like age, gender, race, family history.

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19
Q

What is public health law?

A

Laws intended as health interventions that define powers, duties and boundaries of health agencies and systems. Also, laws that impact health but not enacted with population health in mind.

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20
Q

What are some measures for ill health prevention?

A 
Behaviour change.
Health education.
Community development.
Empowerment.
Prevention and protection.
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21
Q

What is all our health?

A

A call to action to healthcare professionals working with patients and the population to prevent illness, protect health and promote wellbeing.

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22
Q

What is the policy document called by the department of health and social care (2019)?

A

Prevention is better than cure.

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23
Q

What are some local authority actions on prevention?

A 
Early years work.
Productive healthy ageing.
Healthy places.
Improved income for low waged.
Good quality working opportunities.
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24
Q

When was the NHS founded?

A

5 July 1948

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25
Q

What year was the wider determinants of health tool launched?

A

2017

26
Q

Which public health policy ring includes education, housing and employment risk factors?

A

Health improvement.

27
Q

What is the average life expectancy of a prisoner in the UK?

A

56

28
Q

What year was the Dahlgren and Whitehead model developed?

A

1991

29
Q

Health protection covers which services?

A

Chemicals, poison and radiology.

30
Q

What does CAC stand for within cultural norms and practices?

A

Culturally appropriate care

31
Q

What has happened to worldwide obesity since 1975?

A

It’s tripled.

32
Q

Populations change in response to which 3 factors?

A

Fertility, mortality and migration.

33
Q

What is a population pyramid?

A

Graph showing population by age band and percentage.

34
Q

What time period must a prisoner second reception check take place?

A

7 days.

35
Q

What is the title of the 2010 marmot review?

A

Fair society, healthy lives.

36
Q

What areas do the settings approach include in prison health?

A

Physical health, mental health, substance misuse and social care for older and disabled prisoners.

37
Q

When was “Tackling Health Inequalities” published?

A

2003

38
Q

When was “Five Year Forward View” published?

A

2014

39
Q

What is the Pathway model of homeless health?

A

A model aiming to enhance care coordination and hospital care for the homeless.

40
Q

When was the Welfare State published?

A

1942

41
Q

What is MECC and when was it first published?

A

Make Every Contact Count. In 2016.

42
Q

How much of the UK’s disability adjusted life years are lost due to tobacco, hypertension, alcohol, being overweight or being physically inactive according to MECC?

A

40%

43
Q

What does MECC aim to change?

A

Behavioural changes.

44
Q

What was the leading cause of death in England in 2013 according to MECC?

A

Heart and circulatory disorders.

45
Q

What are the five big killers?

A

Cancer, heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease and liver disease.

46
Q

What is Rest, Rehydrate, Refuel?

A

A resource for self care and care of others.

47
Q

What is Maslow’s Heirarchy of Needs?

A

A pyramid of needs beginning with:

Physiological needs: food, water, warmth, rest.

Safety needs: security, safety.

Belongingness and love needs: intimate relationships, friends.

Esteem needs: prestige, feelings of accomplishment.

Self actualisation: achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities.

48
Q

What are the three key areas of Maslow’s Heirarchy of Needs?

A

Basic needs (fundamentals of nursing care), psychological needs and self-fulfillment needs.

49
Q

What is the Every Mind Matters campaign?

A

A campaign focusing on children and young people, especially those affected by covid-19, as well as the parents and carers of the young.

50
Q

What is the Health Survey for England?

A

A monitor of national trends in health and care, in children 0 to 15 and adults 16 and over.

51
Q

What are the four waves of public health?

A

Sanitisation, vaccines and antibiotics, links between lifestyle and disease, economic and social factors.

52
Q

What is the WHO definition of health promotion?

A

Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health.

53
Q

How many prisoners suffer childhood adversity?

A

8 out of 10.

54
Q

What percentage of prisoners as children witnessed violence in the home?

A

41%

55
Q

What percentage of prisoners smoke?

A

80%

56
Q

What percentage of prisoners tested positive for hep c between 2009 and 2013?

A

13%

57
Q

What is inverse care law?

A

Suggested 30 years ago by Julian Tudor Hart, describing those most likely to need healthcare have the poorest access to it.

58
Q

What affects risk perception?

A

Unrealistic optimism, risk compensation and self affirmation all affect risk perception.

59
Q

What behaviours were health beliefs broken into by Kasl and Cobb in 1966?

A

Health behaviour, illness behaviour, sick role behaviour.

60
Q

What did Matarazzo split health beliefs into in 1984?

A

Health impairing beliefs and health protecting habits.

61
Q

By age 30 how much longer do the well educated live?

A

4 years.

62
Q

What did the Marmot review 2010 look at?

A

Health Inequalities.

Nursing (15 decks)

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