Nucleic Acids

Question 1

What are nucleic acids?

Answer 1

informational storage cells

Question 2

What makes up nucleic acids (NA)?

Answer 2

CHONP- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus

Question 3

What do NAs do?

Answer 3

provide directions for building proteins

Question 4

What are the two kinds of NAs?

Answer 4

DNA (only one kind, found only in nucleus of cells) & RNA (many kinds)

Question 5

What does DNA and RNA stand for?

Answer 5

deoxyribonucleic acids and ribonucleic acids

Question 6

What are NAs made up? (not atoms)

Answer 6

Nucleotides- the monomers of NAs

Question 7

Describe the structure of a nucleotide

Answer 7

pentose (five carbon sugar) with a phosphate group and nitrogen

Question 8

Describe the structure of a nucleotide compound (also called DNA)

Answer 8

long chains of nucleotides held together by a sugar-phosphate backbone

Question 9

4 kinds of Nitrogen bases

Answer 9

Adenine, thydmine, cylosine, and guanine

Question 10

Which nitrogen base typically pairs up with which base?

Answer 10

Adenine + thydmine & cylosine and guanine

Question 11

What do 2 strands of DNA form?

Answer 11

a double helix

Question 12

How are RNA and DNA different?

Answer 12

DNA has one less oxygen
RNA is always single, and has an extra OH group (ribose)