Nutrients in Food- micronutrients

Question 1

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin B1?

Answer 1

-Works with other B-groups to break down and release energy from food.
-keeps nervous system healthy.
-strengthens immune system.

-vegetables
-eggs
liver

Question 2

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin B12?

Answer 2

• makes RBC
  -keeps nervous system healthy.
  -releases energy from food we eat.
  -processes folic acid

-meat
-salmon
-milk

Question 3

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin C?

Answer 3

-Maintains body’s connective tissue.
-wound healing
-aids absorption of iron
-antioxidant properties

-oranges and orange juice
-red and green peppers
-broccoli

Question 4

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin A?

Answer 4

Animal:
-retinol is required for good night vision and healthy skin

Plant:
-beta carotene is an antioxidant and can help to defend against cancer.
(body converts beta into Vit A)

-cheese
-eggs
-milk and yoghurt

Question 5

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin D?

Answer 5

-absorption of calcium
-formation and development of teeth and bones
-uptake of calcium and phosphorus by the bones and teeth.

-milk
-cheese
-yoghurt

Question 6

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin E?

Answer 6

-maintains healthy skin and eyes
-strengthens the immune system
-antioxidant

-soya
-corn
-nuts and seeds

Question 7

What are the functions and sources of Vitamin K?

Answer 7

-needed for blood clotting
-helps wounds to heal properly
-can help keep bones healthy by regulating blood calcium levels
-prevents fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

-green leafy veg
-vegetable oils
-cereal grains

Question 8

What are the functions and sources of Calcium?

Answer 8

-helps build strong bones and teeth.
-regulates muscle contractions including heartbeat
-ensures that blood clots normally.

-milk
-cheese
-green leafy veg

Question 9

What are the functions and sources of Fluorine?

Answer 9

-involved i formation of bones and teeth
-maintains bone structure
-helps make teeth resistant to decay.
-helps increase bone density

-fluoride toothpaste
-drinking water
-breast and formula milk

Question 10

What are the functions and sources of Iron?

Answer 10

-helps make RBC which carry oxygen around the body
-lack of iron can lead to iron deficiency anaemia.
-required for normal energy metabolism

Haem iron:
-liver
-meat

Non- haem iron:
-nuts
-dried fruit
-fortified breakfast cereals

Question 11

what is the difference in Haem and non-haem iron?

Answer 11

haem iron is easily absorbed by the body while non-haem is not easily absorbed and needs the help of vitamin C.

Question 12

What is meant by water soluble vitamins and what vitamins are they?

Answer 12

they dissolve in water and are stored in the body’s tissue.
Vitamins B1, B12 & C

Question 13

What is meant by fat-soluble vitamins and what vitamins are they?

Answer 13

They are absorbed along with fat in the diet and are stored in the body’s fatty tissue.

vitamins A, D, E & K