Nutrients (summer Test)

Question 1

Functions of protein

Answer 1

• growth and repair of all blood cells
• important substances in the body e.g.hormones , enzymes and antibodies
• heat and energy

Question 2

Sources of protein

Answer 2

HBV - meat , eggs , fish
LBV - peas , beans , lentils

Question 3

What is the classification of protein ?

Answer 3

HBV (high biological value proteins) - contains all or most of the essential amino acids , found in animal sources e.g. meat

LBV ( low biological value proteins ) - doe snot contain many essential amino acids , found in plant sources e.g. cereals

Question 4

Protein deficiency symptoms -

Answer 4

-slow healing of wounds
- hair breakage and loss
- poor general health

Question 5

Function of carbohydrates

Answer 5

-supply most of the body’s heat and energy
- excess carbs are stored as fat which insulates the body
- dietary fibre is vital for the movement of waste through the intestines , prevents constipation and helps prevent disease of bowel e.g. bowel cancer

Question 6

Sources of carbs

Answer 6

Sugar - sweets , soft drinks , cakes

Question 7

Classification of carbs

Answer 7

Sugar , starch , dietary fibre

Question 8

Functions of fats

Answer 8

• heat and energy
• adipose tissue- helps to keep the body warm
• protects vital organs - liver and kidneys
• source of vitamins - A,D,E and K

Question 9

Sources of fats

Answer 9

Saturated fats - butter , cream , cheese

Unsaturated fats - avocados , nuts , oily fish (e.g. salmon)

Question 10

What is the classification of fats

Answer 10

Saturated fats - contains cholesterol- fat found in the blood. Saturated fat is generally found in food that come from animals

Unsaturated fats - doe snot contain cholesterol. It is found in food that come from vegetable or plant sources and in oily fish

Question 11

Overconsumption of fats -

Answer 11

1. obesity - fats are all high in empty - kilocalories. Eating too much fat causes weight gain and obesity
2. Coronary heart disease (CHD) - when there is too much cholesterol in the blood causes it to stick to the artery walls , increasing the risk of high blood pressure and heart attacks

Question 12

What is Omega-3

Answer 12

Omega-3 fats are a type of unsaturated fat found in oily fish (e.g. salmon)

Question 13

Reducing fats in the diet -

Answer 13

• limit high-fat foods, such as takeaways
• use low-fat cooking methods (e.g. grilling , steaming or baking) instead of frying
• choose low-fat, fresh , unprocessed meats. Trim any visible fat from the meat before cooking