NUTRITION

Question 1

list situations in which protein balance is negative

Answer 1

-inadequate intake of protein
-inadequate energy intake
-conditions such as fevers, bums, and infections
-bed rest for several days
-deficiency of essential amino acids
-increased protein loss
-increased secretion of thyroid hormone an cortisol

Question 2

organic substances that are greasy and insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol or ether

Answer 2

lipids

Question 3

what are the 2 types of fatty acids

Answer 3

saturated and unsaturated

Question 4

organic compound that cant be manufactured by body

Answer 4

vitamins

Question 5

list the water soluble vitamins

Answer 5

B1
B2
B3
B5
B6
B7
B9
B12
C

Question 6

list the fat soluble vitamins

Answer 6

A
D
E
K

Question 7

lack of necessary or appropriate food substances

Answer 7

malnutrition

Question 8

too many calories and improper foods that causes. person to become overweight

Answer 8

overnutrition

Question 9

not consuming enough calories to be healthy

Answer 9

undernutrition

Question 10

a persons diet lacks the correct balance of proteins, carbs, vitamins, and minerals, even though they get enough calories

Answer 10

malnourished

Question 11

standard triceps skin fold for males

Answer 11

12mm

Question 12

standard triceps skin fold for females

Answer 12

20mm

Question 13

standard mid arm circumference for males

Answer 13

32cma

Question 14

standard mid arm circumference for females

Answer 14

28cm

Question 15

standard mid arm muscle area for males

Answer 15

54cm squared

Question 16

standard mid arm muscle area for females

Answer 16

30cm squared

Question 17

end products are monosaccharides, normally absorbed by the small intestine1

Answer 17

carbohydrate digestion

Question 18

the body breaks carbohydrates in glucose. maintains blood levels, and provides a ready source of energy

Answer 18

carbohydrate metabolism

Question 19

list the essential amino acids

Answer 19

-histidine
-lysine
-methionine
-phenylalanine
-tryptophan
-threonine
-valine
-arginine

Question 20

list the nonessential amino acids

Answer 20

-aldine
-aspartic acid
-cystine
-glutamic acids
-glycine
-hydroxyproline
-proline
-serine
-tyrosine

Question 21

list the 3 activities of protein metabolism

Answer 21

-anabolism
-catabolism
-maintaining nitrogen balance

Question 22

list situations in which protein balance is positive

Answer 22

-growth
-pregnancy
-recovery stage after illness
-athletic training
-increased secretion of hormones

Question 23

all interactions between organism and food it consumes

Answer 23

nutrition

Question 24

organic and inorganic substances required for body functions

Answer 24

nutrients

Question 25

nutrient content of a specified amount of food

Answer 25

nutritive value

Question 26

list macronutrients

Answer 26

-water -carbohydrates -protein -fats -minerals and vitamins (in hundreds of grams)

Question 27

list micronutrients

Answer 27

-vitamins -minerals (required in milligrams or micrograms)

Question 28

factors affecting nutrition

Answer 28

-lifestyle -economics -medications and therapy -health -alcohol consumption -advertising -psychological factors

Question 29

-demand feeding -regurgitation -iron deficiency anemia -bottle mouth syndrome what part of life cycle

Answer 29

neonate to 1 year

Question 30

-eat most foods -adjust to 3 meals/day -feed selves -deciduous teeth allow range of foods what part of life cycle

Answer 30

toddler; 1-2 years

Question 31

-adult foods -may require snacks what part of life cycle

Answer 31

preschooler; 3-5 years

Question 32

-balanced diet about 2400 Kcal -protein-rich food for breakfast to sustain school work -teach child about healthful eating -poor eating habits lead to obesity what part of life cycle

Answer 32

school-age child; 6-12 years

Question 33

-increased need for nutrients and calories, calcium -teach healthy lifelong eating habits -risk for eating disorders what part of life cycle

Answer 33

adolescent; 10-19 years

Question 34

-continue to eat a healthy diet with special attention -2 or 3 liters of fluid should be included in the diet what part of life cycle

Answer 34

young adult; 20-39 years

Question 35

-postmenopausal women need to ingest sufficient calcium and vitamin D to reduce osteoporosis -antioxidants such as vitamin A, C, and E may be helpful in reducing the risk of heart disease in women what part of life cycle

Answer 35

middle-aged adult; 40-59 years

Question 36

-require the same basic nutrition as the younger adult -fewer calories are needed because of the lower metabolic rate and the decrease in physical activity what part of the life cycle

Answer 36

older adults; 60 or older

Question 37

relationship between energy derived from food and energy used b the body

Answer 37

energy balance

Question 38

amount of energy nutrients or foods supply to the the body

Answer 38

calorie value

Question 39

1 calories equals how many joules

Answer 39

4.18

Question 40

is the rate at which the body metabolized food to maintain the energy requirement of a person who is awake and at rest

Answer 40

basal metabolic rate

Question 41

alternative feeding methods that ensure adequate nutrition through GI system methods

Answer 41

enteral