Nutrition

Question 1

Alcohol consumption is associated with:

Answer 1

• several different types of cancer
• domestic violence
• traffic accidents

Question 2

Discuss some of the problems associated with treating eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Answer 2

• There is limited support for the efficacy of treatments for eating disorders and treatments are further complicated as eating disorders are frequently co-morbid with obsessive-compulsive disorders, social phobias, and anxiety disorders.
• for patients under the age of 30 the later they seek treatment the higher the risk of mortality.

Question 3

What are the mortality rates for anorexia nervosa sufferers?

Answer 3

Mortality rates are higher than for the general population and they are more likely to suffer from another mental health issue such as anxiety

Question 4

What is the best treatment for anorexia nervosa in children and adolescents according to evaluations of the scientific evidence by the Australian Psychological Society?

Answer 4

Family treatment

Question 5

How do Australians have to change their diet to maximise health outcomes according to the NHMRC?

Answer 5

• Increase fruit and vegetable = reduction in risk of cancer and CVD.
• Increase fibre = reduce the risk of CVD, obesity and type 2 diabetes.
• Increase fish = reduce the risk of CVD and dementia.
• Reduce fast food and sugary beverages = reduce the risk of obesity and fatigue.

Question 6

The consumption of fruit and vegetables in Australia is (High/low?):

Answer 6

considered to be too low for both fruit and vegetables

Question 7

What is the status of physical activity level among Australians? Consider both active and inactive behaviour.

Answer 7

• Activity decreases after 10 years of age while our screen time increases from year to year.
• Children (5 to 17 years) spend about 1.5 hours per day being physically active.
• more than 2 hours per day was screen time

Question 8

Exercise can be beneficial for:

Answer 8

mental and physical health

Question 9

How do we increase physical activity and break down barriers that seem to hinder increased physical activity?

Answer 9

• Enable enjoyable physical activity eg. active hobby
• improved social support from being active

Question 10

Saturated fat intake has generally been thought to increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Which of the following statements is true?

Answer 10

A recent meta-analysis found that saturated fat intake was not associated with an increased risk of CHD and/or CVD.

Question 11

When it comes to fruit and vegetables an adult should consume:

Answer 11

about 5 serves of vegetables and 2 of fruit per day

Question 12

We need to promote exercise because:

Answer 12

after we turn 10 our physical activity levels appear to drop from year to year while screen time increases

Question 13

Increased consumption of fibre has been associated with:

Answer 13

lower risk of type 2 diabetes, cancer and CVD

Question 14

What does the research into sugar-sweetened beverages suggest about the health effects of these beverages? (Consider conflicting evidence and explanations for conflicting evidence).

Answer 14

• Sugary beverages = weight gain in adults and children, increased risk of type 2 diabetes, and worse bone strength and dental health.
• Sugar may be addictive to some extent.
• Biased funding of research can skew results