Sleep, Sleepiness and Health Flashcards
(15 cards)
Insomnia is treated with:
a combination of approaches including cognitive behaviour therapy
The time of maximum sleepiness is referred to as the circadian:
- nadir
- trough
- low
Obstructive sleep apnoea is treated by:
CPAP
Sleep loss and circadian disruption during shiftwork are related to:
- eating at night
- social and domestic distruption
- increased consumption of caffeine
Why is a variable sleep schedule potentially damaging for sleep?
- We sleep best when our circadian rhythms in all aspects of functioning, including sleep, are synchronised.
- Highly variable sleep schedules, such as those often experienced by shiftworkers, can lead to circadian disruption and sleep loss.
- Keeping a consistent bed and wake time helps to keep our rhythms synchronised and facilitates better sleep.
How do we know when someone is in SWS, and why do we think SWS is important?
- SWS, often referred to as deep sleep, is characterised by large delta waves in the EEG.
- People are difficult to wake from SWS.
- SWS has been implicated in growth and tissue repair due to the release of growth hormone during this time.
To measure sleep, eye movements are tracked using:
EOG
Explain why shiftwork is associated with increased accident risk
- Our biology promotes daytime wakefulness and sleep at night.
- Shiftworkers often work when their bodies are primed for sleep, and sleep when their bodies are primed for wake.
- This disruption in circadian rhythms results in sleep of reduced duration and quality.
- Circadian disruption and sleep loss increase accident risk.
Which of the following statements is untrue?
a.
REM sleep is named for its ‘butterfly’ eye movements
b.
On a typical night, most REM sleep occurs during the first half of the sleep period
c.
REM sleep has been called ‘paradoxical sleep’
d.
Muscle tone turns off during REM sleep to stop people acting out their dreams
b.
On a typical night, most REM sleep occurs during the first half of the sleep period
Which of the following statements is untrue?
a.
Circadian rhythms are roughly 24-hour cycles in functioning
b.
The primary time cue for the SCN is food
c.
Circadian rhythms can be measured in performance, core body temperature and melatonin
d.
The main timekeeper in our body is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain
b.
The primary time cue for the SCN is food
Which of the following statements is true?
a.
Going to bed at a different time each night is good for you
b.
Alcohol is good for sleep
c.
Exercising right before bed makes your sleep better
d.
Screens should be kept out of the bedroom
d.
Screens should be kept out of the bedroom
What is the SCN, and what is its function?
- The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus is the primary circadian pacemaker in the body.
- It keeps our circadian (24 hour) rhythms in functioning synchronised to each other and to the outside light/dark cycle – receiving light input through the eye via the retinohypothalamic tract.
Which of the following statements is untrue?
a.
Slow wave sleep is characterised by delta brainwaves
b.
It is hard to wake someone out of deep sleep
c.
Growth hormone is released during slow wave sleep (SWS)
d.
Most dreaming occurs in deep sleep
d.
Most dreaming occurs in deep sleep
Which of the following statements is true?
a.
The homeostatic drive increases sleepiness across the day, while our circadian system helps to keep us awake
b.
The homeostatic drive increases sleepiness across the day, while our circadian system promotes sleep
c.
The homeostatic drive increases wakefulness across the day, while our circadian system helps to keep us awake
d.
The homeostatic drive decreases sleepiness across the day, while our circadian system helps to keep us awake
d.
The homeostatic drive decreases sleepiness across the day, while our circadian system helps to keep us awake
Explain the potential cycle of impairment associated with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).
- OSA can lead to sleepiness, performance impairment and depressed mood, which in turn, can lead to further health complications.
- Together, this can influence exercise levels and diet, which can lead to weight gain, which exacerbates OSA.
- Treatments are designed to break this cycle.
