Nutrition

Question 1

Name the organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Question 2

What provides the most abundant energy during metabolism?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates

Question 3

How many kilocalories per gram do carbs yield?

Answer 3

4

Question 4

List the 3 monosaccharides

Answer 4

1. Glucose
2. Fructose
3. Galactose

Question 5

Name the monosaccharide that is the main fuel for brain and needed for RBC’s.

Answer 5

Glucose

Question 6

What major carb is found in the bloodstream?

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

Name the sweetest monosaccharide

Answer 7

Fructose

Question 8

Name the component of milk sugar

Answer 8

Galactose

Question 9

List the 3 disaccharides

Answer 9

1. Sucrose
2. Lactose
3. Maltose

Question 10

Which disaccharide is made up of glucose and fructose and is known as table sugar?

Answer 10

Sucrose

Question 11

Which disaccharide is made up of glucose and galactose?

Answer 11

Lactose

Question 12

Which disaccharide is made up of 2 glucose molecules?

Answer 12

Maltose (plant sugar)

Question 13

List the 3 polysaccharides

Answer 13

1. Starch
2. Glycogen
3. Fibers

Question 14

What is the plant storage form of glucose (amylase and amylopectin)?

Answer 14

Starch

Question 15

what is nutritionally the most important carbohydrate?

Answer 15

Starch

Question 16

What is the animal equivalent of starch?

Answer 16

Glycogen

Question 17

What provides a food storage system in animals/ humans (glycogenesis)?

Answer 17

Glycogen

Question 18

What in the liver regulates blood sugar for the brain?

Answer 18

Glycogen

Question 19

How much fiber should you consume in a day?

Answer 19

20-35 grams

Question 20

What is the main function of carbs?

Answer 20

to build tissue and replace cells

Question 21

Nutritive sweeteners; carbohydrate-like, sugar-like compounds that provide calories; do not promote tooth decay because they metabolize at a slower rate are called?

Answer 21

Sugar Alcohols

Question 22

List the 3 sugar alcohols

Answer 22

1. Sorbitol
2. Mannitol
3. Xylitol

Question 23

Nonnutritive sweeteners; non-carbohydrate and non-caloric; are called?

Answer 23

Artificial sweeteners

Question 24

List the 5 artificial sweeteners

Answer 24

1. Saccharin
2. Aspartame
3. Acesulfame-K
4. Sucralose
5. Neotame

Question 25

What is the active ingredient in Sweet'N Low?

Answer 25

Saccharin

Question 26

What is the active ingredient in NutraSweet and Equal?

Answer 26

Aspartame

Question 27

Which artificial sweetener must carry PKU warning?

Answer 27

Aspartame

Question 28

What is the active ingredient in Sunette and Sweet One?

Answer 28

Acesulfame-K

Question 29

What is the active ingredient in Splenda?

Answer 29

Sucralose

Question 30

An abnormally high blood glucose concentration is called/

Answer 30

Hyperglycemia

Question 31

fruity odor on breath (as a result of ketosis) is called?

Answer 31

acetone breath

Question 32

Shakiness, dizziness, sweating, headaches, irritability, hunger, lightheadedness, and palpitations are symptoms of ?

Answer 32

hypoglycemia

Question 33

Organic compounds made up of amino acids are called?

Answer 33

Proteins

Question 34

Name the 5 elements that make up proteins

Answer 34

1. Carbon 2. Hydrogen 3. Oxygen 4. Nitrogen 5. Sometimes sulfur

Question 35

What is the main function of proteins?

Answer 35

to repair/build tissues/cells

Question 36

An inborn error of metabolism where the liver cannot metabolize essential amino acid phenylalanine into nonessential amino acid tyrosine is called?

Answer 36

phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 37

to waste away (a chronic condition) is called?

Answer 37

Marasmus

Question 38

A severe protein deficiency that begins at approximately 18 months to 2 years of age is called?

Answer 38

Kwashiorkor

Question 39

Which fatty acid carrys the maximum number of hydrogen atoms and remains solid a room temp?

Answer 39

saturated fatty acids

Question 40

Which fatty acids contain a point of unsaturated linkage with no hydrogen atoms and is viscous in form?

Answer 40

monounsaturated fatty acids

Question 41

which fatty acids contain two or more points of unsaturation and are liquid in consistency?

Answer 41

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Question 42

give an example of linoleic fatty acid?

Answer 42

Omega-6 veg oil, such as sunflower and safflower

Question 43

give an example of linolenic fatty acid?

Answer 43

Omega-3, fish, canola oil and peanut oil

Question 44

List the 4 fat soluble vitamins

Answer 44

A, D, E and K

Question 45

where are fat soluble vitamins stored?

Answer 45

liver and fatty tissues

Question 46

Which vitamin prevents night blindness and maintains normal mucous membranes?

Answer 46

vitamin A

Question 47

Which vitamin functions as an antioxidant and interferes with blood coagulation?

Answer 47

Vitamin E

Question 48

Which vitamin functions in aiding the formation of blood clotting factor prothrombin and helps increase bone density?

Answer 48

Vitamin K

Question 49

List the 2 water soluble vitamins

Answer 49

B and C

Question 50

Which vitamin functions to help provide energy to the brain, heart and CNS?

Answer 50

Thiamine (B1)

Question 51

Which vitamin functions essential for growth and production of RBC's; prevents cheilosis and glossitis and anemia?

Answer 51

Riboflavin (B2)

Question 52

Which vitamin is needed for RNA and DNA synthesis and its nutritional deficiency and disease is pellagra (dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis and death)?

Answer 52

Niacin (B3)

Question 53

Which vitamin promotes synthesis of protein collagen; acts as an antioxidant?

Answer 53

Vitamin C