Pharmacology

Question 1

A function of the amount of a drug to produce an effect is called?

Answer 1

potency

Question 2

The maximum intensity of effect or response that can be produced by drug regardless of dose is called?

Answer 2

Efficacy

Question 3

Orally delivered drugs must pass through which portal first?

Answer 3

hepatic portal circulation

Question 4

Which route of drug administration provides a sustained effect?

Answer 4

intramuscular

Question 5

The study of how a drug enters the body, circulates in the body and leaves the body is called?

Answer 5

pharmacokinetics

Question 6

The transfer of a drug from the site of administration to the blood stream is called?

Answer 6

absorption

Question 7

Which organ is most important for absorption of oral drugs?

Answer 7

small intestine

Question 8

The process by which a drug leaves the blood stream and enters the body systems is called?

Answer 8

distribution

Question 9

The breaking down of a drug for its removal from the body is called?

Answer 9

Metabolism

Question 10

Name the schedule of controlled substances that has the highest abuse potential, no accepted medical use.

Answer 10

Schedule I

Question 11

Give an example of a Schedule I drug

Answer 11

heroin and LSD

Question 12

Which controlled substance schedule has high abuse potential, written prescription with signature only, no refills?

Answer 12

Schedule II

Question 13

Morphine codeine alone, amphetamines, oxycodone and vicodin are examples of which controlled substance schedule?

Answer 13

Schedule II

Question 14

Which controlled substance drug schedule has a moderate abuse potential, may be phoned in, five Rx in 6 months?

Answer 14

Schedule III

Question 15

Tylenol #3 is an example of which drug schedule?

Answer 15

Schedule III

Question 16

Which controlled substance drug schedule has a lower abuse potential, may phone in, five Rx in 6 months?

Answer 16

Schedule IV

Question 17

Valium (diazepam) and Darvon are examples of which controlled substance schedule?

Answer 17

Schedule IV

Question 18

Which controlled substance drug schedule has the lowest abuse potential, some may be available OTC?
Ex. codeine-containing cough medications

Answer 18

Schedule V

Question 19

A dose related reaction that is not part of the desired therapeutic action is known as?

Answer 19

side effect

Question 20

What occurs when the desired effect is excessive?

Answer 20

toxic effect

Question 21

An abnormal drug response that is usually genetically determined is called?

Answer 21

Idiosyncrasy

Question 22

A causal relationship between the drug use of a mother and congenital abnormalities is called?

Answer 22

teratogenic effect

Question 23

List 4 examples of adrenergic-blocking drugs

Answer 23

1. Inderal (propranolol)
2. Tenormin (atenolol)
3. Lopressor (metoprolol)
4. Timoptic (timolol)

Question 24

Which drugs are used to treat cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension, angina pectoris, glaucoma, myocardial infarction; may block alpha, beta-1 or beta-2 adrenergic receptors?

Answer 24

adrenergic-blocking drugs

Question 25

Which cholinergic drug is used to increase saliva flow in patients with Sjogren's syndrome and to treat glaucoma?

Answer 25

Pilocarpine

Question 26

Which anticholinergic drug is used to decrease saliva flow for dental procedures?

Answer 26

atropine

Question 27

A nonopiod, mechanism of action is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis is which drug?

Answer 27

Aspirin and ibuprofen

Question 28

Which drug is the analgesic drug of choice for post-operative pain after periodontal treatment?

Answer 28

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Question 29

Which opiod antagonist reverses the effects of opiod drugs and is used to treat opioid overdose (heroin)?

Answer 29

Narcan (naloxone)

Question 30

When a combination of two antibiotics produces GREATER effect than would be expected if their individual actions were added is known as?

Answer 30

Synergism

Question 31

When a combination of two antibiotics produce LESS effect than either agent alone is known as?

Answer 31

Antagonism

Question 32

Which drug is the most commonly prescribed antibiotic in dentistry; bactericidal = destroys the bacterial cell wall; and is safe for pregnant patients?

Answer 32

Penicillin

Question 33

Which antibiotic is the most likely to produce an anaphylactic allergic reaction?

Answer 33

Penicillin

Question 34

List the 4 drugs used to treat tuberculosis

Answer 34

1. Rifampin 2. Isoniazid 3. Pyrazinamide 4. Ethambutol

Question 35

Which antibiotic is the first alternative for premedication if the patient is allergic to amoxicillin; use is limited due to rare adverse reaction called pseudomembranous colitis?

Answer 35

Clindamycin

Question 36

Which antibiotic is used to treat anaerobic infections, tx of periodontal infections and ANUG?

Answer 36

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Question 37

What 3 medications inhibit viral DNA synthesis in the treatment of oral herpes?

Answer 37

1. Acyclovir (Zovirax) 2. Penciclovir (Denavir) 3. Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

Question 38

List 3 drugs used to treat HIV/AIDS

Answer 38

1. Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT) 2. Didanosine (Videx, ddI) 3. Zalcitabine (ddC)

Question 39

Which drugs are used for short-term treatment of anxiety and insomnia?

Answer 39

Benzodiazepines

Question 40

List 3 examples of benzodiazepines

Answer 40

1. diazepam (valium) 2. lorazepam (ativan) 3. alprazolam (xanax)

Question 41

Which drug increases the body's sensitivity to insulin?

Answer 41

metformin (glucophage)

Question 42

Which drug stimulates the release of insulin from the b-cells of the pancreas?

Answer 42

Glyburide (micronase, diabeta)

Question 43

Which drugs inhibit gastric acid secretion and are used to treat gastric ulcers and GERD? ex. priolosec and prevacid

Answer 43

proton pump inhibitors

Question 44

Which drugs are the main family of drugs to treat CHF? They increase the force and strength of heart contraction

Answer 44

Cardiac glycosides

Question 45

digitalis and lanoxin (digoxin) are two examples of what family of drugs?

Answer 45

Cardiac glycosides

Question 46

what does the abbreviation hs mean?

Answer 46

at bedtime

Question 47

Which organ plays the greatest role in absorption of orally administered medications?

Answer 47

Small intestine